Kodi Magetsi Akuyenda Motani?

Kwa anthu ambiri, magetsi ndi mphamvu yodabwitsa yomwe amawoneka mwaubweya pamene timatsegula kuwombera kapena kutseka mawonekedwe. Komabe, ngakhale sayansi yomwe ikuyendetsa magetsi imakhala yovuta kwambiri, zofunikira za kuthamanga kwa magetsi, kapena zamakono, n'zosavuta kumvetsa ngati mumaphunzira mau ndi ntchito. Zimathandizanso kuyerekezera kutuluka kwa magetsi kupyolera mu waya ndi kutuluka kwa madzi kudzera mu mapaipi.

• 01 ya 05

  Ma electron

  Kuthamanga kwamagetsi kupyolera mu waya ndiko kwenikweni kutuluka kwa magetsi. An electron ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. A waya ndi mtundu wa otsogolera , omwe magetsi amatha kuyenda mosavuta.

  Muzitsulo zamagetsi, zotsatira zamakono (zotuluka) kuchokera ku kayendetsedwe ka magetsi kuchokera ku atomu imodzi mpaka yotsatira. Mitundu ya ma electron imayimitsidwa bwino kapena yosokonezeka. Magetsi osayera amakopeka ndi makina abwino. Pa intaneti ya atomiki, electron yosakanizika idzathamanga kuchoka pa atomu imodzi kupita kwina. Izi zimapangitsa electron yosakanikirana kudumpha kuchokera pa atomu yachiwiri kupita ku atomu yachitatu. Ndiye wina akudumpha kuchokera chachitatu kupita kunja, ndi zina zotero. Kudumpha kwa ma electron osayera kuchokera ku atomu mpaka atomu ndiko kutuluka kwa magetsi.

• 02 ya 05

  Pakali pano

  Pakali pano ndi kuyendayenda kwa magetsi kumadera kapena magetsi. Mungathe kuganiziranso zamakono monga kuchuluka kwa madzi, kuthamanga kudzera mu chitoliro cha madzi. Ndalama zamagetsi zimayesedwa muimperage, kapena amps.

  Zamakono zathyoledwa mu mitundu iwiri: zotsatizana zamakono (AC) ndi zamakono (DC). Nthawi zambiri, AC ndi mtundu wa magetsi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi, zipangizo, ndi zipinda m'nyumba mwanu, ndipo DC ndi mawonekedwe a mphamvu zoperekedwa ndi mabatire. Mwachitsanzo, magetsi a galimoto yanu ndi DC. Zowonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi, monga dzuwa ndi mphamvu ya hydro, zimapanga magetsi a DC omwe amasinthidwa kukhala AC kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito panyumba.

• 03 a 05

  Voteji

  Mphamvu, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mphamvu ya electromotive, ndiyo mphamvu ya ma electron mu dongosolo. Zili ngati mphamvu ya madzi mu chitoliro. Maulendo omwe ali m'nyumba mwanu amakhala ndi volts pafupifupi 120 (magetsi enieni akhoza kusiyana pakati pa 115-125 volts) kapena 240 volts (enieni: 230-250 volts). Malo ambiri opangira kuwala ndi odyetserako ndi maulendo 120-volt, pamene zowuma, mitsinje, ndi zipangizo zina zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito maulendo 240 a volt.

• 04 ya 05

  Oms

  Ohms ndiyeso ya kukana kuthamanga kwa magetsi kudzera m'zinthu zoyendetsa. Kupitirira kukana, kumunsi kuthamanga kwa magetsi. Kukaniza kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti kutentha kulikonse kukhale kozungulira. Chifukwa chake chowumitsa tsitsi chimapuma mpweya wotentha, mwachitsanzo, ndi chifukwa cha kukana mkati mwa wiring mkati komwe kumapereka kutentha. Ndipo ndikumenyana ndi zingwe zazing'ono zamatsenga zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha ndi kuwala.

  Mu waya wothandizira, kukana kwakukulu kumatha kuyendetsa dera ndikupanga moto wamagetsi. Chifukwa chakuti kugwirizana koipa komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi zinthu monga zotayirira zowonongeka ndi zotupa zimakhala zoyipa, kugwirizana kwa magetsi kuyenera kufufuzidwa nthawi zonse kuti chiteteze mu magetsi.

• 05 ya 05

  Kutentha kapena Watts

  Kutentha kumasonyeza mlingo umene magetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kapena amawonongedwa. Chiwerengero cha mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magetsi pakhomo panu zimawerengedwa kudzera mumagetsi a magetsi a kampani. Amayesedwa mu maola-kilowat kapena maola 1,000 watt, ndipo ndi momwe mumalipira.

  Chida chilichonse chogwiritsira ntchito magetsi, monga chowunikira kapena chogwiritsira ntchito, chiri ndi mlingo wogwiritsidwa ntchito mu watts. Mwachitsanzo, babu a 100 Watt omwe amawotcha maola 10 amagwiritsira ntchito 1 kilowatt-ola la magetsi.

  Amps, volts, ndi watts ali ndi chiyanjano wina ndi mzake, motere:

  Volts x amps = watts

  Ngati chipangizocho chiyamikiridwa pa 120 volts ndi 10 amps, chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka 1,200 Watts pamene ikuyenda: 120 volts × 10 amps = 1,200 Watts.