Zikhomo za gasi zinasinthidwanso kuti zitheke kuti chitetezo chichepetse komanso kuchepetsa kuchepa
Zida zamtengo wapatali, zomwe zimadziwika kuti zitini, zimapangidwanso ndipo zimapangidwa mosamala kwambiri zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Zomwe zilipo tsopano zofunikira za EPA zakhala zikugwira ntchito kuyambira 2009 ndipo zikuphatikizapo zojambula zomwe zimachepetsa kuwononga mpweya ndikupanga chitetezo.
Kodi Chosungiramo Zamagetsi Chamafuta N'chiyani?
Chombo chotengera mafuta (PFC) ndi malo omwe amapangidwira mafuta pang'ono.
Zitsulozi zimatha kukula kuchokera kukula 1 mpaka 5 gallons kapena kuposa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi eni nyumba kuti asunge mafuta ogula udzu, zipale chofewa, ndi zipangizo zina zazing'ono. EPA ikulingalira kuti pali 80 million PFCs yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku United States.
PFCs imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafuta:
- Zida zofiira zimapangidwira mafuta ndi zakumwa zina zotentha kwambiri.
- Zitsulo zofiira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posungirako mafuta.
- Zida zamtundu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mafuta a dizilo.
- Zida zowirira zimapangidwa kuti zisungidwe mafuta.
Kodi Ndondomeko Yatsopano Ndi Chiyani?
Malamulo omwe alipo tsopano a EPA akutsatira zofunikira zomwe zinayambika ku California ndi California Air Resources Board (CARB) mu 2000 ndipo zinasinthidwa mu 2007. Panthawi imeneyo, malamulo a PFC kupanga ndi kupanga ankalamulidwa ndi mayiko ena, koma anasintha ndi EPA miyezo. Kuyambira pa January 1, 2009, ma PFC onse atsopano opangidwa ndi kugulitsidwa ku United States ayenera kutsatizana ndi malamulo a EPA.
Malamulo amafunika:
- Kutsegula kumodzi, kudzidalira kokwanira kudzaza ndi kutsanulira popanda zotchinga zosiyana kapena zotseguka.
- Chidebe chosagonjetsedwa chimene chimaloleza magalamu osachepera 0,3 pa galoni patsiku la mpweya wa hydrocarbon.
- Kutseka mwachindunji, monga bubu limene limangofika pamalo otsekedwa pamene wogwiritsa ntchito sakutsanulira kuchokera mu chidebe
- Zochitika zazing'ono za ana monga momwe zafotokozedwera ndi Act Children's Burn Prevention Act
Mfundo Zotsata Malamulo a EPA
Pa nthawi yomwe malamulowa akugwiritsidwa ntchito, panali magaloni 3,27 biliyoni omwe amaperekedwa ndi oposa 80 million PFCs ku United States. Izi zinapangitsa kuti maola okwana 70,262 a mafuta otayidwa chaka chilichonse apite.
Kuopsa kwa mafuta otayika kapena osungunuka kumakhala ngati mankhwala osakanikirana (VOCs) omwe amatha kulowa mumlengalenga nthawi zonse pamene mpweya umachokera mu chidebe. Malamulo omwe alipo panopa amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za ma VOC kuti awonongeke m'zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zowonjezera zitsulo. VOCs amaonedwa ngati mpweya wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo kumasulidwa kwawo kungawonongeponso pansi pamadzi.
Mapulogalamu a ana omwe ali ndi PFCs akuthandizira kupeĊµa kupeza mafuta kwa ana osapitirira zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Izi ziyenera kukhala gawo la Act of Prevention Prevention Act, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa ndi Congress mu 2008.
Zimene Mungachite ndi Zikale Zakale za Gasi
Ndizovomerezeka kuti mupitirize kugwiritsa ntchito zipani zakale zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi zomwe zakhala zikuchitika panopa, koma kusintha kwa chida chatsopano kumapereka chitetezo chokwanira komanso kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa chilengedwe.
Malamulo atsopanowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha kwa zitsulo zatsopano, ndipo palibe zofunikira kuti eni nyumba azibwezeretsa zitsulo zakale. Komabe, ma municipalities ena ali ndi mapulogalamu osinthanitsa m'malo momwe mungasinthire mapu anu akale a PFC kuti mukhale atsopano.
Zindikirani: Malamulo omwe alipo tsopano a PFC sagwiritsidwa ntchito ku zida zokhudzana ndi zitsulo zotetezedwa ndi OSHA-zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazinthu zamalonda.