Kukonzekera kwa makina oyamba kutsuka mothandizidwa mu 1851 kumasula akazi ku ntchito yowonongeka, yopuma . Pamene zopanga ndi zitsanzo zinkapitirira, ntchito yophimba zovala inakhala yophweka kwambiri. Masiku ano, zitsamba zimapezeka mumasinkhulidwe osiyanasiyana, mitundu ndi mitundu. Ngakhale kutsogolo kutsogolo kwazitsulo ndi malo osakanikirana akupanga msewu mu malonda ku United States, chowongolera chowongolera chowongolera ndidali mtsogoleri wa makampani.
Ndimagwirizanitsa mphamvu ya mawotchi yothamanga, kutentha kwa kutentha kwa madzi ndi mankhwala a detergent omwe amayeretsa zovala.
Kodi Ntchito Yomasamba Yotsuka Mtsuko Imakhala Bwanji?
Ngakhale zopangidwe ndi zoperekera pazitsulo zimakhala zosiyana kuchokera kwa wopanga kupita ku makina onse, ndipo ntchito zonse zoyamba za makina opangira zovala ku United States ndi zofanana.
Pali zigawo ziwiri mu washer aliyense - dongosolo lolamulira ndi mawotchi. Njira yowonongeka ili ndi mapulogalamu oyang'anira, kukula kwasankhulidwe (kusinthana), kutentha kwa madzi, chosungira ndi chivindikiro. Njira yamakina imapangidwa ndi magalimoto, kutumiza, makina, makina amkati ndi ochapa kunja, agitator, mapampu, valve yamadzi, kusungunula dongosolo ndi lamba kapena magalimoto.
Panopa pali mitundu iwiri yamakina opangira zovala pamsika.
- Makina apamwamba otengera kutsuka ku United States, Canada ndi Australia amagwiritsa ntchito malo opangira zida zowonongeka kuti azitsuka zovala m'madzi kuchokera pamwamba pa waya mpaka pansi. Kutentha kwapansi mpaka pansi kukupitirira kwa kutalika kwa kayendedwe ka kutsuka kukakamiza madzi ndi zotsekemera kudzera mu nsalu kuti amasule nthaka. Ku Asia, opangira mpweya wochapachapa wapamwamba amagwiritsa ntchito kanyumba konyamula katundu popanda malo apakati.
- Zovala zam'mwamba zowonongeka kwambiri zimakhala ngati msuweni wawo wamasamba . Iwo ali ndi ng'anjo ikuzungulira mozungulira ozungulira monga chingwe chotsogolo, koma palibe khomo lakumaso. Iwo ali ndi chivindikiro chotsitsa pamwamba monga choyeretsa. Makinawa amagwira ntchito ndi kumangoyenda ngati mthunzi wam'mbuyo ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito theka la madzi omwe amafunika kuti aziyeretsa. Ubwino wokwera pamwamba umapanga mpweya wosakanikirana ndi mabulosi omwe amatha kusunga chinyezi ndi nthaka ndikupangitsa fungo. Kujambula kwapamwamba kumakhala ndi mizere yozungulira yambiri kusiyana ndi kupirira kamodzi kumbali imodzi, kuchepetsa kuvulaza.
Kwa mitundu yonse iwiri ya makina opangira, pambuyo poti wosuta amasankha kukula kwa katundu, kutentha kwa madzi ndi mtundu wa kayendetsedwe kake , kapu yamkati imadzazidwa ndi madzi. Muyeso wamadzimadzi, madzi amadzaza zovala zonse ndi kuzikweza m'mabasi (pokhapokha ngati dengu labasher ladetsedwa). Wotenthayo amachititsa madzi ndi zovala kuti zithetsedwe kuti zithetse nthaka. Wowonjezera bwino kwambiri amawotcha madzi (pafupifupi 40 peresenti) ndipo samaphimba zovala ndi madzi poyamba. Wosunthira amakoka zovala mkati mwa madzi nthawi yosamba.
Kawirikawiri, galimoto yomwe imapatsa bokosi la galimoto imayendetsa kapena kuyendetsa njira imodzi. Pampu ya madzi imayendanso njira imodzi yomwe imayambitsanso madzi otsekemera. Pampu yomweyi imasuntha kutsogolo kapena kupukuta madzi panthawi yopuma. Mafuta opangira katundu amatha kukhala ophweka mosavuta monga opanga apanga mapangidwe atsopano. Komabe, magetsi amatha kukhala ovuta kwambiri. Palibebenso njira imodzi yothandizira kulamulira. Gulu lonse loyendetsa zamagetsi liyenera kusinthidwa ndi chigawo chimodzi chikulephera.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe, mawotchi amtundu wapamwamba amalola opangira zovala kuti azitsuka, bakiji ndi zofewa zopangira zovala pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal. Pogwiritsa ntchito mthunzi wamkati, operekera amayenera kutsegulidwa ndi valenoid valve.
Kupanga mawonekedwe kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zophweka kusunthira madzi mkati ndi kunja kwa washer kusiyana ndi zomwe zikuchitika kutsogolo kutsogolo. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka ndi kukhetsa malo, opangira mpweya wambiri samagwira madzi omwe angapangitse nkhungu ndi zonunkhira. Kukonza kukonzanso kwa katundu wochapa pamwamba kumakhala kosavuta.
Mwa kumvetsa mfundo zofunikira zowonjezera zowonjezera, mungathe kudziwa bwino mavuto ndikukonzanso. Ngati mukufuna buku lokonzanso kapena lokonzekera, mukhoza kulipeza apa ndi zigawo zotsatila pano.