Nylon ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa fiber m'makampani ogulitsa mafakitale lero. Lili ndi mbiri yolimba yokhala yokhazikika ndi yosavuta kusunga ndipo ikufunidwa kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwone mozama kwambiri pazitsulo zamagetsi a nylon.
Kupewa Nyampu Zachipangizo
Nylon inakhazikitsidwa mu 1935 ndi Wallace Hume Carothers, yemwe ndi mkulu wa kafukufuku ku DuPont. Ntchito yake yoyamba yogulitsa malonda inali m'mabotolo a amayi mu 1939, koma idagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa nsomba ndi nsabwe za mano.
Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1950, DuPont inayamba kupanga nylon kuti ikonzekerere, ngati mawonekedwe amodzi, pambuyo pa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zoyesedwa ku Hotel du Pont. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, mu 1959, DuPont inayambitsa BCF (nyongolotsi yopitirira mafuta) .
Nylon yakonzanso makampani opanga katundu monga choyamba chopanga nyamayi ndipo mwamsanga inakhala chizindikiro chotsatira pa kupalasa.
Makhalidwe a Nylon ya Carpets
Pali zinthu zambiri za nylon yomwe imapanga chisankho choyenera cha fiber. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukhazikika kwake. Nylon ndizitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo motero, zimakhala bwino kwambiri kuti zikhale zonyansa. Imakhalanso yodalirika kwambiri ndipo imakhala yabwino kwambiri yosungira maonekedwe kuti isunge mawonekedwe ake oyambirira.
Kukhazikika
Kuthamanga kwa nylon kumakhala kwakukulu kwa molekyulu yamadzirojeni yomwe imapanga gawo lake. Molekyuyi ikhoza kutsitsimutsidwa ndi njira yowonongeka yophatikiza madzi ( kutsuka kwa steam ).
Kutentha kuchokera kumadzi oziyeretsa kumayambitsanso kamolekyu ya haidrojeni, kotero kuti pamene matayala ayamba kugwedezeka chifukwa cha magalimoto apansi, kuyeretsa kabati kumathandiza kuti ulusiwo ubwerere. Pachifukwachi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti kapepala yamphepete imatetezedwe miyezi khumi ndi umodzi kapena khumi ndi umodzi (pafupifupi kawirikawiri m'madera othamanga kwambiri) kuti mukhale ndi moyo wautali.
Kutsutsana-Kuteteza
Nylon ndizozizira kwambiri, kotero kuti zisawonongeke kuti zisamadzike pansi mpaka kufika m'matope ndikusiya matayira, ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi mankhwala. Kupita patsogolo mu matekinoloje opanga mankhwala amatsenga kumatanthauza kuti nyloni zamasiku ano ndizosalephereka kwambiri kusiyana ndi kale lonse.
Mtundu wa nayiloni wotetezeka kwambiri ndi yankho lotayika, yomwe imatsegula mtunduwo mwa kuwonjezerapo panthawi yopanga fiber (m'malo movina dothi la 'greige' pambuyo pa kupanga). Pamene mtundu weniweniwo uli mbali ya fiber, ndi yosatha komanso yopanda mphamvu, ndipo kutayika sikutheka kudziphatika kwa maselo a fiber kuti apangitse madontho .
Nylon 6 vs. Nylon 6,6
Pali mitundu iwiri ya nayiloni yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga katundu: mtundu wa 6 ndi mtundu wa 6,6 (wotchulidwa kuti ndi ma atomu a carbon). Ngakhale onse ali nyiloni, mawonekedwe awo amasiyana ndi wina ndi mzake. Pakhala mikangano yambiri mu makampani ngati mtundu umodzi uli wokondweretsa wina. Mvula yambiri yamtundu wa 6,6 ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri, chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa mtundu wake komanso kukana kwazimenezi. Komabe, zapangidwe zakhala zikupangidwira kuyimira 6 kuti athetse nkhaniyi, ndipo mu msika wa lero, kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri ndi kochepa kwambiri.
Zaka zambiri za kuyezetsa zatsimikizira kuti palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kukhazikika kapena kugwirizana pakati pa nylon 6 ndi nylon 6,6. Ngakhale nayiloni 6,6 ili ndi malo otentha kwambiri kuposa nylon 6, zomwe sizikhala zochepa pokhapokha ngati ntchitoyi ili pansi.
Mfundo ina yofunika kuganizira za kusiyana kwa pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya nylon ndi kuti nylon 6 imatha kubwereranso ku carpet (yomwe imadziwika kuti kubereka) kuposa nylon 6.6.
Kupanga Nkhumba za Nylon Kuti Zidye
Okonza matabwa amapanga nayiloni mkati mwa nyumba kapena kugula fiber kuchokera kunja kwa chitsime ndi kutembenuza zidazo muchitetezo. Pali makampani ambiri omwe amapanga nayiloni kuti agulitse opanga mafakitale, monga Invista (ojambula a StainMaster fiber omwe kale anapangidwa ndi DuPont).
Nthaŵi zambiri, nylons zopangidwa m'nyumba zimakhala zochepa kuposa zomwe zimagulidwa kwina.
Izi zimachokera ku kuchotsedwa kwa mgwirizano wowonjezereka muzinthu zowonjezera ndipo kawirikawiri sizisonyeza kuti nylons mkati mwa nyumba ndi apamwamba.
Mtengo wa Nylon Carpeting
Nylon imapezeka mosavuta pazigawo zonse zamtengo wapatali. Ndizitsulo zogwiritsira ntchito zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mmagulu apamwamba (olowa mmagulu) mankhwala owonjezereka pa mitundu ina yamtengo wapatali (monga polyester ndi olefin ) koma ndiyenso yoyenera mankhwala apamwamba okhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera .
Zonsezi, kulimbika kwa nylon ndi kukhazikika kumapanga chisudzo chabwino kwambiri pakusaka, koma monga nthawi zonse, onetsetsani kuti mukuganiza zinthu zonse ( kupotoka , nkhope , etc.) mukamagula.