Zotsatira za OSHA Ulamuliro wa Silica Dust

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Kodi bungwe la OSHA la Silica Rule Limatanthauza Chiyani Zokonza Zokonza Zomangamanga

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) adalengeza lamulo latsopano la chitetezo cha malo ogwira ntchito chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa mpweya wa solika wa reslicable crystalline. Icho chimatchedwa ulamuliro wa §1926.1153 wa Respirable crystalline silica ulamuliro ndipo ikugwira ntchito monga pa June 23, 2017.

Malamulo atsopano amalepheretsa PEL kapena Chilolezo Chovomerezeka Chokhazikitsidwa ndi OSHA kuti anthu azigwira ntchito kuphulika la silika. (PEL ndi chiwerengero cha OSHA choyesa kuchuluka kwa dothi lanthaka lomwe wogwira ntchito angathe kupuma mu ola limodzi la eyiti).

Kupeza phokoso lopitirira kwa phulusa la crystalline la silika kwapezeka kuti amachititsa mapapu fibrosis otchedwa silicosis. M'zaka za m'ma 1930, Dipatimenti ya Ntchito ya ku United States inayamba kuzindikiritsa chiopsezo cha matendawa. Malingana ndi OSHA lero:

Antchito omwe amapanga tizilombo tochepa kwambiri ta crystalline silica ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda akuluakulu a silika. Mitundu ing'onoing'onoyi (yotchedwa "respirable" particles) imatha kulowa m'mapapo a antchito ndipo imayambitsa silicosis, matenda osachiritsika ndipo nthawi zina amatha kufa. Kutentha kwa silika kowonjezera kumapangitsanso antchito omwe ali pachiopsezo kuti akhalenso ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, ena omwe angathenso kufooketsa matenda opatsirana monga matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD), ndi matenda a impso.

Pamene bungwe la OSHA linakhazikitsidwa mu 1971, chiwerengero cha 100 μg / m3 (100 micrograms pa cubic mita) chinakhazikitsidwa. OSHA tsopano akuwona kuti chikhalidwe sichimasunthika ndipo chatsopano chimapatsidwa ntchito yowonjezera antchito kumanga kwa silika mu simenti yamatabwa, miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi miyala yopangira miyala ya khitchini ndi zinyumba zosamba . Chifukwa chake icho chinapangitsa kuti apange lamulo latsopano lokhazikika.

Lamulo latsopano lidula moyenera kulandira fumbi la silica pakati. Lamulo la tsopano lololeza PEL ya 100 μg / m3 pa ntchito ya ora la 8 ikuchepetsedwa kufika 50 μg / m3. Mwamwayi kutsatira malamulo ndi ophweka kwambiri kusiyana ndi malamulo ena a boma omwe amachititsa zomangamanga monga EPA Lead Paint Renovation, Repair and Painting (RRP) Rule.

Lamulo latsopano limapereka njira zothetsera zakuthambo ndi zakunja kwa silika koma zimafuna zotsatirazi zonse za makontrakitala / olemba ntchito malinga ndi OSHA.

• Gwiritsani ntchito madzi kapena mpweya wabwino (kuyendetsa zamagetsi) kuchepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa fumbi ndi PEL;
• Perekani zowonjezera mavitamini pamene zowonongeka kwa sayansi sizingathetse kuwonetsa;
• Lembetsani ogwira ntchito ku malo otetezeka kwambiri;
• Pangani ndondomeko yowonongeka yolembedwa, perekani mayeso kwa ogwira ntchito poyera ndi kuphunzitsa ogwira ntchito pazowopsa za silika ndi momwe mungachepetsere kuwonetsetsa.

Ulamuliro wa OSHA ukufuna kuchepetsa kutentha kwa silika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowononga fumbi zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana. Mwachitsanzo, kutchetcha ntchito ntchito monga kugwiritsa ntchito tile kudula mchere wonyezimira kuti asunge phulusa la solika losasunthika kuti lisatuluke, kutseguka ntchito ("ndondomeko yodzipatula"), kapena pogwiritsira ntchito pulogalamu yopezera mpweya kusonkhanitsa phulusa la silica pa mfundo yolenga isanayambe kulembedwa.

Njira imodzi yotetezera wogwira ntchito kuchokera ku zonyansa zakuthambo ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino. Mpweya wabwino uli ndi APF yomwe imapereka chiwerengero chochepa cha kutetezedwa kwa fyuluta komwe kumapatsa munthu wogwiritsira ntchito bwino.
Yerekezerani Mitengo 3M APF-10 Respirator

Apa pali zomwe zimafunikira kwa omanga makampani anu a OSHA pamene akugwira ntchito yopanga pakhomo kapena kukonzanso kwanu. Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera mwachidule ntchito zowonjezera zokhudzana ndi kukonzanso kunyumba ndi malamulo a OSHA omvera.

TASK A: Kugwiritsira ntchito Mafiyala a Masonry Saws

Njira Yotsatsa Dothi:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito saw yomwe ili ndi dongosolo lophatikizidwa la madzi lomwe limapatsa madzi madzi.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito ndi kusunga chida molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga kuti muchepetse mpweya woipa.

Chitetezo Chofunika Chotsitsimutsa ndi Kupanga Zochepa Zopereka Chitetezo (APF):

1. ≤ maola 4 / kusintha: Palibe
2. > Maola 4 / kusintha: Palibe

TASK B: Sona zamagetsi zogwiritsira ntchito (china chilichonse m'mimba mwake)

Njira Yotsatsa Dothi:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito saw yomwe ili ndi dongosolo lophatikizidwa la madzi lomwe limapatsa madzi madzi.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito ndi kusunga chida molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga kuti muchepetse mpweya woipa.

Chitetezo Chofunika Chotsitsimutsa ndi Kupanga Zochepa Zopereka Chitetezo (APF):

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito panja:

1. ≤ maola 4 / kusintha: Palibe
2. > Maola 4 / kusintha: APF 10

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba:

1. ≤ maola 4 / kusintha: APF 10
2. > Maola 4 / kusintha: APF 10

TASK C: Masabwa amphamvu othandizira podula mapulosi-simenti (okhala ndi tsamba la mainchesi 8 kapena osachepera)

Njira Yotsatsa Dothi:

Kwa ntchito zochitika kunja:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito saw yomwe ili ndi dongosolo lakusonkhanitsa fumbi la malonda.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito ndi kusunga chida molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga kuti muchepetse mpweya woipa.
3. Wosonkhanitsa fumbi ayenera kupereka mpweya wotsimikiziridwa ndi wopanga chida, kapena wamkulu, ndi kukhala ndi fyuluta ndi 99% kapena yowonjezera bwino.

Chitetezo Chofunika Chotsitsimutsa ndi Kupanga Zochepa Zopereka Chitetezo (APF):

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito panja:

1. ≤ maola 4 / kusintha: Palibe
2. > Maola 4 / kusintha: Palibe
   

TASK D: Mafakitale opangidwa ndi manja ndi oimirira (kuphatikizapo zotsatira ndi zojambula zowongoletsa nyundo)

Njira Yotsatsa Dothi:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito pobowola omwe ali ndi chikhomo chogulitsira malonda kapena khola ndi dongosolo la kusonkhanitsa fumbi.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito ndi kusunga chida molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga kuti muchepetse mpweya woipa.
3. Wosonkhanitsa fumbi ayenera kupereka mpweya wotsimikiziridwa ndi wopanga zipangizo, kapena wamkulu, ndipo ali ndi fyuluta ndi 99% kapena yowonjezereka bwino ndi mawonekedwe oyeretsera fyuluta.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito chitsimikizo cha HEPA chotsukidwa pamene mukuyeretsa mabowo

Chitetezo Chofunika Chotsitsimutsa ndi Kupanga Zochepa Zopereka Chitetezo (APF):

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito panja:

1. ≤ maola 4 / kusintha: Palibe
2. > Maola 4 / kusintha: Palibe

TASK E: Kumbuyo-kumbuyo macheka (kuona kudula slabs / driveways)

Njira Yotsatsa Dothi:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito saw yomwe ili ndi dongosolo lophatikizidwa la madzi lomwe limapatsa madzi madzi.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito ndi kusunga chida molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga kuti muchepetse mpweya woipa.

Chitetezo Chofunika Chotsitsimutsa ndi Kupanga Zochepa Zopereka Chitetezo (APF):

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito panja:

1. ≤ maola 4 / kusintha: Palibe
2. > Maola 4 / kusintha: Palibe

Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba:

1. ≤ maola 4 / kusintha: APF 10
2. > Maola 4 / kusintha: APF 10

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Kugwiritsira ntchito respirator kuti muteteze ku fumbi

Bungwe la OSHA la fumbi la silika likufuna kuwerengetsa APF ya 10 yomanga muzinthu zina. Alonda oteteza chitetezo kuti asamapangidwe bwino, kuti azitulutsa mafuta, madzi kapena madzi omwe amatha kudula pulasitiki, simenti kapena simenti kapena mitengo ya mchenga. Mpweya wothamanga pa APF 10 si chinthu chachikulu ndipo ukhoza kuchitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito gawo lapadera la maski fumbi fyuluta (yokhala ndi chovala cha BLUE chosakaniza). Zosefera zoterezi zimapangidwa ndi 3M monga 8810 (osadziwika) kapena masikiti 8822 (valve) nkhope.

Yerekezerani Mitengo 3M APF-10 Respirator