EPA Yotsogolera Kujambula Kanthu, Kukonza ndi Kujambula (RRP) Rule

Palibe amene amakonda malamulo osagwira ntchito kuposa EPA, ndipo pa April 22, 2008, EPA inakhazikitsa lamulo lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mwachindunji pa April 22, 2010, polimbana ndi kuchotsa utoto m'zinyumba zapanyumba za 1978. Amadziwika kuti Lead Renovation, Repair, ndi Painting Program (RRP Rule). Lamuloli lidzakukhudzani ngati muli wokonza makonzedwe okonzanso kapena mwini nyumba m'nyumba yomangoyamba 1978 ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi zaka zosachepera zisanu ndi chimodzi.

EPA inakhazikitsa lamulo pansi pa gawo 402 (c) (3) la Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA).

Tonsefe timadziwa kuti phulusa kapena penti yopangira utoto ndizoopsa kwa ana, chifukwa chake sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito m'nyumba zoposa zaka 30. Ngakhale kuti chiwerengero cha ana ochepera zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi (6), omwe ali ndi zaka zosachepera zisanu ndi chimodzi (6), omwe amalembedwa ndi Center for Disease Control (CDC), chinachepera pafupifupi 90% popanda kutsekereza kwa EPA, EPA idakakamizidwa kuti lembani lamulo latsopanoli.

CDC siinalembere poyera zotsatira za EBLL zisanafike chaka cha 2007, koma ngati mukuchita kafukufuku wa CDC kuchokera pa zaka 10 1997 mpaka 2007, ana omwe ali ndi zaka zosachepera zisanu amapanga magazi oposa makumi asanu ndi awiri (0,5% a ana a zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri m'munsi mwa 2010, kapena ana 130,000 mwa ana onse osakwana zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi (6), pafupifupi 25,000,000.

Kotero tiyeni tiwoneke bwino. Tsopano kuti kukweza katundu kwa zaka 30 kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa magazi komwe kumawathandiza kuti ana azikhala ocheperapo asanu ndi limodzi, kunachititsa kuti chiwopsezo chachikulu chikhale pafupifupi 0,5% mu 2010 (pamene chinali pafupifupi 8% mu 1997), EPA imatulutsa ulamuliro waukulu wa penti wotsogolera kotero kuti umakhala wotsika kwambiri kwa ogula ndi makontrakitala, mofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa phindu.

Ndilo EPA.

Zokonzanso Zowonongeka ndi Zogwiritsira Ntchito Zogwirizana ndi EPA RRP Rule

Zaka 30+ pambuyo pa utoto wa penti wotsogola ife tsopano tiri pangozi kumene ngozi zachinyamatanu kwa ana aang'ono kuchokera ku teknoloji yakale ya penti ziri pafupifupi 0,5%, EPA ikuloŵetserapo ntchito. Ulamuliro uwu wa RRP wochokera ku EPA cholinga chake ndi kukonza zojambula zojambula zowonongeka zomwe zakhazikitsidwa ndi ntchito zowonongeka, kukonzanso, ndi kujambula komwe kumasokoneza penti yopangira nyumba komanso malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ana.

Kodi "Nyumba Zolinga Zotani?" EPA imatanthawuza "nyumba yowunikira" 'mu TSCA gawo 401 monga nyumba iliyonse yomangidwa pa December 31, 1977, kupatulapo:

• nyumba za okalamba kapena anthu olumala pokhapokha mwana aliyense wosakwanitsa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi akukhala kapena akuyembekezeka kukhala m'nyumba,
• malo aliwonse ogona ogona.

Kodi ndikuti "Malo osungidwa ndi ana" ndi chiyani? Pansi pa lamulo ili, malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ana ndi nyumba, kapena gawo la nyumba yomangidwa patsogolo pa 1978, amayendera nthawi zonse ndi mwana yemweyo amene ali ndi zaka zosachepera zisanu ndi chimodzi masiku osachepera awiri mkati mwa sabata iliyonse (Lamlungu mpaka Loweruka nthawi), pokhapokha ulendo uliwonse wa tsiku lililonse utatha maola atatu, ndipo maulendo omwe amasonkhana mlungu uliwonse amatha maola 6, ndipo maulendo omwe amasonkhana pachaka amakhala osachepera maola 60.

Ndi makampani ati omwe amakhudzidwa? Ulamuliro wa EPA wa RRP umakhudza:

• Kukonzanso makontrakitala
• Ogwira ntchito yosamalira m'mabanja ambirimbiri
• Ojambula ndi ntchito zina zapadera.

Ndalama Zogwiritsira Ntchito EPA RRP Rule

Lamulo likusintha zoopsa zomwe makampani opanga makampaniwa amaganiza ndikuwonjezereka ndalama zowonongeka kunyumba. Kusanthula kwenikweni ndalama ndi Magazini Yokumbukira kumasonyeza kuti kutsata malamulo a EPA kudzawonjezera ndalama kwa makampani, ndipo pamapeto pake, kwa inu, pafupipafupi kuposa EPA hype. Mosiyana ndi ndalama zochepa zoonjezera zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakati pa $ 8 mpaka $ 167 pa polojekiti yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa ndi EPA, dziko lenileni likuyenera kutsatira lamuloli lingathe kuonjezera mosavuta makonzedwe okonzanso nyumba pakati pa $ 1,300- $ 2,200 ambiri pamsewu wamadzi osungirako ndalama $ 10,000 . Mapulogalamu akunja akhoza kukhala ochuluka chifukwa cha ndalama zina zowonjezera mapepala apulasitiki ndi mapangidwe.

Izi zimapangitsanso chisokonezo kwa wogula kuchokera ku makontrakitala omwe safuna kutsatira zomwe angakwanitse kuchita kuti athandize okonzekera omwe amatsatira chifukwa alibe ndalama zowonjezera.

Kutsogolera Kukonza, Kukonza, ndi Painting Rule

Malamulo omwe alipo tsopano a EPA amafuna kuti makampani apange makonzedwe okonzanso, kukonzanso, ndi kujambula kukonzanso:

• Malo opangidwa ndi pepala opitirira mamita asanu ndi limodzi mu chipinda cha nyumba zamkati, OR
• Malo opangidwa ndi pepala opitirira mamita makumi awiri kuti apange mapulogalamu akunja, kuwombola mawindo, kapena kuwononga

mu nyumba zomangidwa kale chisanafike 1978, tsatirani ndondomeko yeniyeni yowonongeka motere:

1. Mukhale ndi malo ogwira ntchito. Derali liyenera kukhala liripo kuti fumbi ndi zinyalala zisapulumuke kudera lomwelo, zomwe zingakhale pafupi kwambiri ndi polojekiti ya kunja. Zizindikiro zochenjeza ziyenera kuikidwa ndipo mapepala apulasitiki kapena zinthu zina zosayenera ndi tepi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera
   • Phimbani pansi ndi zipangizo zilizonse zomwe sungasunthidwe.
   • Sindikirani zitseko ndi kutenthetsa ndi kuzizira mazenera.
2. Pewani njira zatsopano zowonzedwanso monga:
   • Tsegulani lawi loyaka kapena kuwotcha.
   • Kupaka mchenga, kupukuta, kupukuta, kusinthana ndi singano, kapena kuponyera ndi zipangizo zamagetsi ndi zipangizo zopanda chophimba ndi HEPA chotsitsa chotsatira.
   • Pogwiritsa ntchito mfuti yotentha pamatentha kuposa 1100 F.
   • Makampani opanga mankhwala angagwiritse ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuti achepetse mchenga, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kumalo osungira mchenga musanamange mchenga kapena kukopera, kukopera pepala musanalekanitse zigawo zikuluzikulu.
3. Sungani njira: Malo ogwira ntchito ayenera kutsukidwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti akhale oyeretsa momwe angathere. Ntchito yonse ikatha, deralo liyenera kutsukidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakonzedwe koyeretsa musanatenge pulasitiki iliyonse imene imasiyanitsa malo ogwira ntchito kuchokera kunyumba. Njira zamakonzedwe koyeretsa zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa HEPA kuyeretsa fumbi ndi zinyalala pamalo onse, potsatira kutsukidwa kwa madzi ndi kuthira madzi pamadzi ndi madzi ochuluka. Pamene kuyeretsa komaliza kukwaniritsidwa, yang'anani pozungulira. Sitiyenera kukhala fumbi, kupaka utoto, kapena zinyalala kuntchito. Ngati mukuona fumbi, pepala, kapena zinyalala, deralo liyenera kutsukidwa.

1. Adziwitse mwini nyumba kuti akonzedwe kowonongeka: EPA imafuna kuti eni nyumba apatsidwe kabuku kotchedwa Guide-Safe Certified Guide kuti Akhazikitse Ufulu wowachenjeza "kuwopsa kwa poizoni" omwe akuwongolera polojekiti komanso momwe angafotokozere kampani akuluakulu ngati wogwira ntchitoyo sakuganiza kuti ntchito ikutsatira ndondomeko yomwe ili mu buloshali. Kabukuka kanati, "Mwinanso mungafune kuchoka pakhomo panu panthawi yomwe ntchito yonse ikugwira ntchito."

Kodi kubowola mu khoma lanu ndi vuto lalikulu?

EPA inayesa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zokonzekera pakhomo poyambitsa fumbi, kuphatikizapo:

• Kuchotsa pepala ndi kuchotsa mchenga.
• Kuchotsedwa kwa nyumba zazikulu, kuphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa makoma a pulasitiki.
• Zowonjezera mawindo.
• Kuchotsa mafakitale.
• Kukonzekera kwa HVAC kapena kubwezeretsa, kuphatikizapo kukonza mapepala.
• Kukonzanso kumapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono kusokonezeka kwapadera monga kubowola ndi kuyang'ana mu nkhuni ndi pulasitala.

Pa EPA RRP Rule:
"..makonzedwe kowonongeka ndi kukonzanso, pamene akuchitidwa pomwe pepala lotsogolera lilipo, lopangidwira phokoso pansi pamtunda wa masentimita asanu kapena asanu kuchokera ku ntchito yomwe inadutsa chiwopsezo cha EPA cha mpweya wa 40 μg / ft2 ... zikuwonekeratu kuti phunziroli linapezanso kuti kubowola mu pulasitala kunapangitsa fumbi kutsogolo komwe kumakhala pafupi ndi ntchito yomwe idapitirira chiyero choyambitsa pfumbi . Motero, ntchito zonse zomwe anaphunzirazo zinkakhala zoopsa zapenti. "

Ndi lamulo latsopano la EPA, kubowola mu khoma la pulasitala limene lawunikira penti penapake m'mbiri yake tsopano limapangitsa kuti pakhale phokoso loopsa lapfumbi.

Zomwe Ziyenera Kuyanjana ndi EPA RRP Malamulo ndi Malamulo a Pulezidenti a Edzi

1. Renovation makampani ayenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi EPA ndi kulipira madola 300 kwa zaka zisanu.
2. Makampani okonzanso malowa ayenera kutenga maola 8 a Safety Safety, EPA / HUD Model Renovator Training Course, ndipo atsimikizidwe kuti ali otetezeka kutsogolo. Ndi maphunziro omwewo makontrakta ayenera kutenga pulogalamu ina yopezera chitetezo pansi pa HUD udindo.
3. Ngati mulibenso wogwira ntchito, muyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi wokonza makina ovomerezeka (wotsimikiziranso chokonzanso) ndi kupeza ntchito yophunzitsira polojekiti yopita kuntchito pamene mukugwira ntchito.
4. Makampani okonzekera kukonzanso ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera kutsogolera ntchito, chitetezo, kuletsa ntchito zogwirira ntchito, ndi kuyeretsa.
5. Kukonzekera makontrakitala ayenera "kuphunzitsa" anthu okhala pakhomo pangozi ndi zoopsa za kuwonekera kwa utoto panthawi yomanga ndikuwapatsa kabuku ka EPA kotchedwa Guide-Safe Certified Guide kuti Ikonzeretseni .
6. Kukonzekera makontrakitala ndiye kuti akuyenera kulembera momwe adamvera malamulo a EPA a malamulo a RRP ndikusungira zolembazo zaka zitatu zokha ngati EPA ikufuna kuyesa kampaniyo.

Kuwonjezera pa malamulo a EPA a RRP, ngati makampani ogwirira ntchito akugwira ntchito m'magulu omwe amapeza ndalama zothandizira ndalama za HUD, amakhalanso pansi pa Dipatimenti ya Maofesi a Zamalonda ndi Zokonza Mazinda a HUD (omwe amadziwika kuti LSHR) omwe amalembedwa m'malamulo a HUD. 24 CFR Gawo 35.

HUD ikupereka ndondomekoyi ikufotokoza kusiyana pakati pa kusiyana kwa HUD LSHR ndi EPA RRP malamulo.

Ma $ 37,500 pa Chilango Chapafupi Ndi Tsiku

Kotero, ndi mtengo wanji wosamvera? EPA ikhoza kulipira ndalama zokwana madola 37,500 chifukwa cha kuphwanya malamulo osatsatira malamulo awo. Wokonza makina oyambirira kuti apangidwe chitsanzo chasankhidwa kale ndi EPA: Wojambula wa Rockland, Maine Colin Wentworth ali ndi ndalama zosachepera $ 150,000 pamalipiro kuchokera ku EPA chifukwa cha zolakwira zomwe zagwiritsidwa ndi kanema "yosadziwika" ya YouTube yomwe ingaperekedwe ndi mpikisano.