Mabungwe ambiri akale ankafuna malo otetezedwa kuti apitirizebe mitundu, mtundu wa malamulo oyenera kulandira ufulu wa katundu, komanso kutetezedwa kwa magazi. Chikhazikitso cha ukwati chinathetsa zosowa izi. Mwachitsanzo, m'Chiheberi chakale, lamulo linkafuna mwamuna kuti akhale mwamuna wa mchimwene wake wamasiye.
Kukwatirana Kwautali Kwambiri
Ukwati umachokera ku Middle English yomwe inayamba kuonekera mu 1250-1300 CE.
Komabe, bungwe lakale liyenera kuti linayambitsanso tsiku lino. Cholinga chachikulu cha banja, poyamba, chinali kukhala mgwirizano pakati pa mabanja. Kuyambira kale, ngakhale masiku ano, mabanja amakonza mabanja okwatirana. Ambiri samakwatirana chifukwa chakuti anali okondana, koma chifukwa cha maulendo a zachuma. Anthu okhudzidwa analibe zambiri zoti anene za chisankhocho, ndipo nthawi zambiri sizinayambe lero.
Akazi ndi Akazi
M'dziko lathu lamakono, maukwati ena ali ndi proxy , ena amatenga dowry (banja la mkwatibwi akupereka ndalama kapena mphatso kwa mkwati kapena banja lake,) ndipo ena amafuna mkwatibwi (mkwati kapena banja lake kupereka ndalama kapena mphatso kwa banja la mkwatibwi). Ndi ochepa omwe angakhale ndi chibwenzi kapena chibwenzi, koma ambiri amakhala ndi miyambo yozama.
Nthawi zosiyanasiyana komanso zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi mbiri ya amai. Dziko lakale la Aigupto, mwachidule, linapatsa akazi ofanana ufulu, koma sizinkachitika nthawi zonse.
Azimayi apakati pa nthawiyi, amayang'anizana ndi maudindo awiri a chipembedzo ndi ukwati.
Miyambo Yachikhalidwe
Chikhalidwe chimodzi cha chikwati chokwanira ndicho chonse cha mphete yothandizira. Mwambo umenewu ukhoza kuwerengedwanso kwa Aroma akale. Zimakhulupirira kuti kuzungulira kwa mphete kumayimira kwamuyaya. Motero, kuvala mphete zaukwati kumaimira mgwirizano umene udzakhalapo kosatha.
Kunena zoona, nthawi ina ankaganiza kuti mitsempha kapena mitsempha imayenda molunjika kuchokera ku chala cha "mphete" kumanzere kumtima.
Pali mitundu yambiri yaukwati yomwe ilipo lero:
- Lamulo Lovomerezeka Lokha: Banja losavomerezeka ndi malo ovomerezeka omwe amachititsa anthu kukwatira chifukwa chokhala limodzi kwa nthawi.
- Cousin Marriage: Ukwati pakati pa msuwani. Pali maiko 26 omwe amalola maukwati oyambirira.
- Endogamy: Chizoloŵezi chokwatirana ndi malire a anthu ammudzi okha.
- Kuchokera pamtima: Mukakwatirana kunja kwa banja kapena fuko linalake.
- Mkwatibwi: Kukwatira munthu mmodzi panthawi.
- Polyandry: Amayi omwe ali ndi amuna oposa mmodzi.
- Mitala: Kuchita kukhala ndi abambo ambiri pa nthawi yomweyo.
- Polygyny: Munthu yemwe ali ndi mkazi woposa mmodzi.
- Kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha Banja : Ophatikizana ndi amuna omwe ali pabanja omwe ali okwatirana.
Ukwati ndi Chipembedzo
Lingaliro la ukwati monga sakramenti, osati mgwirizano, lingatchulidwe kwa St. Paul yemwe anafanizira ubale wa mwamuna ndi mkazi wa Khristu ndi mpingo wake (Aef. V, 23-32).
Joseph Campbell, mu Mphamvu ya Bodza , akunena kuti anthu a m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi awiri ndi omwe anali oyambirira kuganiza za chikondi cha khoti monga momwe timachitira tsopano. Chidziwitso chonse cha chikondi sichinalipo mpaka nthawi zapakatikati ndi zovuta.
Papa Nicholas I adalengeza mu 866, "Ngati chilolezo chikusowa m'banja, zikondwerero zina zonse, ngakhale mgwirizanowu uyenera kuthetsedwa, zimasinthidwa." Izi zikuwonetsa kufunika kwa chilolezo cha anthu awiri kuti akwatirane. Lakhalabe gawo lofunika kwambiri pa malamulo a kuphunzitsa ndi malamulo a chikwati kupyolera mu zaka.
Zikondwerero za Mwambo
Kuwoneka kuti pali maukwati ambiri omwe akuchitika popanda umboni kapena mwambo m'ma 1500. Bungwe la Trent linasokonezeka kwambiri ndi izi, kotero kuti adalengeza mu 1563 kuti maukwati ayenera kukondwerera pamaso pa wansembe ndi mboni ziwiri. Ukwati unatenga mbali yatsopano yopulumutsira amuna ndi akazi kuti asakhale ochimwa komanso opempha. Chikondi sichinali chofunikira pa ukwati pa nthawi ino.
Patapita zaka, Oyeretsa ankawona ukwati kukhala mgwirizano wodalitsika womwe unapatsa wokwatirana mwayi wokonda ndi wokhululukira.
Masiku ano, anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti ngakhale anthu alowa m'banja, ukwati ndi mgwirizano pakati pa anthu awiri omwe akuphatikiza udindo ndi malamulo, komanso kudzipereka ndi kutsutsa. Lingaliro limenelo laukwati silinasinthe kwa zaka zambiri.