Chomera chophimba ndi mbewu ya mbewu yomwe imakula makamaka kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino m'malo mokolola mbewu. Mbewu zotsekedwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popondereza namsongole, kuyendetsa kutaya kwa nthaka, kuthandiza kumanga ndikuthandizira kubzala kwa nthaka ndi khalidwe, ndi kuteteza matenda ndi tizirombo. Mbewu zotsekemera zimakonda udzu kapena nyemba koma zimakhala ndi zomera zina.
Pezani Mbewu Zabwino
Zomera zobzala zimapangitsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo ikhale yowonjezereka mwa kuonjezera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo m'deralo.
Zitha kuthandizanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amatulutsa munda, kuteteza madzi ndi zowonongeka kuchokera ku chilengedwe. Chifukwa chakuti muzu uliwonse wa chivundikirocho umapanga pores m'nthaka, mbewu zophimba zimathandiza kuti madzi asungunuke pansi. Zotsatira zake, zimathandizira kusunga madzi m'njira zingapo.
Mbewu zotsekemera zingathandize kuthetsa mavuto a matenda mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda a bakiteriya ndi fungaleni m'nthaka. Ngati muli ndi dothi loperewera, mutha kubzala mbeu pamtunda ngati njira yothetseratu matendawa.
Nthawi zina zokolola zimatchedwa "manyowa wobiriwira" chifukwa amapereka zakudya m'nthaka, mofanana ndi manyowa. Amatchedwanso "ma mulch" chifukwa angathe kuteteza kutentha kwa nthaka. Mulu wambiri umakhala wosanjikiza, monga zotsalira zamasamba, zotsalira pa nthaka kuti zisawononge madzi ndi kuteteza nthaka kuvulaza mvula yambiri.
Maluwa Okongoletsa ndi Mbewu Zophimba
Zomera zobzala ndizofunika kwambiri pa ulimi wathanzi chifukwa zimapanga chonde ku nthaka popanda feteleza zamadzimadzi pogwiritsa ntchito nitrogen yokhazikika. Amaperekanso njira zachilengedwe zochepetsera nthaka, kuyendetsa chinyezi cha nthaka, kuchepetsa mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, komanso kupereka zowonjezereka za ziweto.
Alimi ang'onoang'ono amasankha kukula zachitsulo chokhazikitsira malingana ndi zosowa zawo ndi zolinga zawo ndi zofunikira zonse za malo omwe akugwira ntchito. Zobzala zokolola zomwe zimapezeka m'chilimwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzaza malo nthawi yosinthasintha mbeu, kuthandiza kusintha nthaka, kapena kuletsa namsongole. Zima zophimba mbewu zimathandiza kuti nthaka ikhale m'malo pa nthawi yozizira ndi kupereka chivundikiro cha pansi. Angathe kukhazikitsanso mavitamini a m'nthaka.
Kubzala Pambuyo Pachikuto Chophimba
Kamodzi kachilombo kameneka kakukula, kapena mlimi akufuna kudzala malo omwe ali ndi chivundikiro, njira yowonongeka ndiyo kugwetsa mbewu zowunikira ndikuzilola kuti ziume. Pambuyo pouma, masamba otsalawo amamera m'nthaka. Komabe, alimi ambiri omwe amapita patsogolo pa chilala amakondwera ndi njira yopanda chisa, yomwe masamba otsalawo amachoka panthaka ngati mchenga.
Mitundu ya Mbewu Zophimba
Nazi zitsanzo za zomera zomwe zatsimikiziridwa kukhala mbewu zabwino zophimba:
- Rye: Amadziwika kuti rye kapena nyengo yachisanu, chivundikirochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumasula nthaka yosakaniza ndi kudula namsongole.
- Buckwheat: Chimake chokwera mwamsanga chimathandiza kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kudula namsongole.
- Clover : Clover ndi yabwino yokonza nayitrogeni m'nthaka, kuwonjezera chonde.
- Mafuta : Chophimba chophimbachi chosakanizidwa chimakula mofulumira, chimaphatikizapo zowonjezera, ndi kudula namsongole.
- Vetch yaubweya: Vetch imawonjezera nayitrogeni ndipo ndi mbewu zabwino kwambiri zopanda thanzi kumpoto kwa nyengo.