Mitundu ya Maziko a Nyumba

Nyumba iliyonse imamangidwa pa maziko, koma nyumba sizinamangidwe pa maziko omwewo . Mtundu wapachiyambi umachokera pa zinthu zingapo monga nyumba, malo ndi nyengo, nthaka ndi chinyezi, ndi bajeti ya polojekiti. Koma mwayi wanu uli ndi (kapena mutha) umodzi mwa maziko atatu awa: pansi pake, crawlspace, kapena slab-grade-grade. Kusiyanasiyana kwina ndi kotheka, koma izi zitatu ndizomwe mukukumana nazo pomanga nyumba.

• 01 a 03

  Pansi: Pang'ono ndi Masana

  Pansi paziko lapansi ndizomwe zimayambira kwambiri. Zomwe zili pansi pazitali zonse kapena pansi pa malo omwe ali pamwambapo ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala osachepera mamita asanu. Nyumba zatsopano zimakhala ndizitali zazing'ono kuti zitha kusandutsa malo okhala.

  Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pansi pano ndi malo ena onse omwe amakupatsani. M'nyumba zina, kumaliza chipinda chapansi kumatha pafupifupi kawiri kawiri malo okhalamo. Chipinda chapansi chikhoza kukhazikika (kutenthedwa kapena kutayika) monga nyumba yonse, kapena ikhoza kusadulidwa.

  Chitsulo chokhala pansi chimakhala ndi makoma omangira maziko omwe amakhala ndi maziko oyenderera pambali pa chipinda chapansi. Zolemba zambiri zimakhala pansi pa chisanu, kuya kwa nthaka yomwe imatha kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira.

  Kusiyanasiyana kwapadera kwa malo osungira kwathunthu ndipansi pansi . Zomangidwa motsutsana ndi mtunda, pansi pang'onopang'ono ali ndi mbali imodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zili pansi, kuyambira pansi mpaka padenga. Komabe, pamene malo otsetsereka amatsika, mbali imodzi kapena zingapo za mazikoyo amadziwika ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi mawindo ndi zitseko zazikulu, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwala kwa usana.

  Maziko osungiramo nyumba zamakono amakonzedwa ndi konkire yosakanizidwa kapena nsalu yotchedwa konkire. Nyumba zakale zitha kukhala ndi malo osungirako (koma kawirikawiri kapena ang'onoang'ono) okhala ndi miyala.

• 02 a 03

  Crawlspace

  Maziko omwe amapanga crawlspace amakhala ndi makoma achifupi a maziko omwe amayenda pamapazi. Makomawo akhoza kukhala ochepa kwambiri-kupanga malo omwe mumayenera kudula (kapena mimba kukukwa) kupyolera-kapena akhoza kukhala mamita anayi patali, kapena kuti, kupereka malo okwanira osungirako ndipo nthawizina ng'anjo kapena zipangizo zina.

  Kawirikawiri, malowa ndi malo osasinthasintha ndipo amakhala ndi mpweya wotsekemera ndi makapu ang'onoang'ono omwe amalowa mkati mwa makoma a maziko kuti athandize pang'ono kutuluka kwa mphepo kudzera mu crawlspace.

  Crawlspa maziko awa ndi otsika mtengo kuposa zipinda zonse zapansi chifukwa amafuna zochepetsedwa ndizitsulo zopanda maziko ndi ntchito zomanga. Monga maziko omangira pansi, makoma a crawlspace amakhala opangidwa ndi konkire kapena kutsulola.

• 03 a 03

  Konkire Slabi-on-Grade

  Maziko a pulasitiki ndi maziko olimba omwe amakhala pansi. Kalasi imatanthawuza pamtunda, ndipo slab imatanthawuza padothi la monolithic konkire. Maziko a slabe-on-grade amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'madera omwe sakhala ndi mvula yoziziritsira pansi, chifukwa izi zingachititse ming'alu ya konkire ndi kusuntha kwa maziko.

  Maziko a slabe ndi okalamba amakhala osakwera mtengo kusiyana ndi maziko osungirako pansi (pansi) kapena omwe amatha kupereka chitetezo chokwanira pa nthawi yotentha (yomwe imapezeka m'madera otentha).

  Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha maziko a slab ndi chakuti madzi ndi mapaipi amatha amasungidwa konkire. Pakakhala vuto, konkrete ya konkire iyenera kudulidwa kuti ipeze mapaipi. Ndiponso, maziko a slab sapereka yosungirako kapena malo okhala.