Palibe amene angatsutse kufunikira kwa maziko abwino a nyumba. Maziko osamanga maziko osamangidwe-mosiyana ndi mabotolo osalowera bwino kapena pansi pamtengo wolimba kwambiri- angathe kubweretsa nyumbayo. Zipangizo za kumangidwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe munganene potsata maziko. Monga ndondomeko iliyonse ya ma code, izi sizomwe zimatsogolera popanga masitepe monga magawo omwe muyenera kuziwona, pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo a m'deralo.
Mfundo Zokhalira Makhalidwe: IBC Chaputala 18, Dothi ndi Zakhazikitso
Maumboni otsatirawa amachokera ku International Building Code (IBC) ya malo okhala ndi 1 ndi 2-story. Izi "ndondomeko" yotsogoleredwa ndi cholinga chokupatsani mchitidwe wodalirika wa zolemba za maziko. IBC ikuphatikizapo International Residential Code (IRC) koma imaphatikizapo zinthu zogulitsa malonda komanso malo okhala. IRC ndi yoyenera nyumba zokhalamo. Mu IRC, mutu wokhudzana ndi maziko ndi footings ndi chaputala 4: MAFUNSO.
Kumbukirani kuti ntchito yomanga iliyonse ndi yapadera. Mwachitsanzo, dothi ndi losiyana ndi malo ndi malo, motero mtengo wolemera wa nthaka udzasintha. Komanso, malamulo amakhazikiti amatsatiridwa pa mlingo wakumudzi, makamaka kudzera mu dipatimenti ya zomangamanga. Ambiri amaudindo apakompyuta akugwiritsira ntchito IBC ndi / kapena IRC ngati zizindikiro zawo koma akhoza kusiya, kusintha, kapena kufalitsa malemba omwe ali nawo kuti akwaniritse zochitika zapanyumba ndi malamulo.
Ngakhale kuti IBC ndi IRC zili zongopeka, malangizo amtunduwu ndi lamulo.
Malo Omanga (1804.4)
Ground yomweyo pafupi ndi maziko a maziko (kunja kwa phazi) ayenera kutsetsereka pamtunda wa 5%. Izi ziyenera kupitilira pafupifupi mamita khumi.
Nthaka: Kulemera Kwambiri (1806.2)
Code imatanthawuza miyezo yonyamula katundu (LBVs) monga "kudzikuza." Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuyesedwa kwa nthaka ndiyo njira yokhayo yodziwira mtengo wolemera (LBV) wa nthaka pa phazi lopatsidwa malo.
| Mtundu wa Nthaka | LBV Per Foot Square |
| Mphepete | 12,000 |
| Sedimentary Rock | 4,000 |
| Mzere wa Sandy kapena Gravel | 3,000 |
| Mchenga, Silty Sand, Clayey Sand, Silty Gravel, Clayey Gravel | 2,000 |
| Kuphika, Mbalame ya Sandy, Silty Clay, Clayey Silt | 1,500 |
Kuzama ndi Kutalika kwa Mapepala M'dothi losasunthika (1809)
Nthaka yosasunthika ndi nthaka yomwe siinayambe yasinthidwa, yodzazidwa, yosungidwa, yophimba, kapena chirichonse cha chikhalidwecho, ndi munthu kapena makina. Nthaka yosatsekeka imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa nthaka yomwe yasokonezeka.
- Kuzama : Zomwe zimayambira ziyenera kupitirira mpaka masentimita 12 pansi pa nthaka yoyamba yosasambika. Mapepala amafunikanso kutalika masentimita 12 pansi pa chisanu (kutsika kumene nthaka imatentha m'nyengo yozizira) kapena ayenera kutetezedwa ndi chisanu.
- Kukwanira : Mapazi ayenera kukhala osachepera masentimita 12.
Kukula kwazifupi (1809)
Zofunikira pa msinkhu ndi zosiyana pamwamba ndi pansi pa mapazi:
- Pamwamba : Pamwamba pa phazilo liyenera kukhala mlingo; palibe zosiyana.
- Pansi : Kukonzekera pansi pa phazi ndiko kuti ndiyeso. Kuwoneka: Ngati nyumbayo ili pamtunda wotsika, mukhoza kumayenda mofulumira ngati 1 unit of 10 pa timagulu 10 tomwe timapanga (kapena 10 peresenti).
Kufalitsa Zotsatira
Kufalitsa mapazi kumathandizira kugawira katundu wochitidwa ndi phazi kudera lalikulu.
Gawo la "kufalikira" ndilo maziko omwe amawoneka ngati otsika "T" ndipo amachotsa kulemera kwake kudera lawo. Kuyendayenda kumafunika kukhala osachepera 6 mainchesi wakuda. Iyenera kuyendetsa, kumbali zonse ziwiri, osachepera 2 mainchesi.