Kudziwa mtundu wa waya wamtengo wapatali ndi ntchito iliyonse yamagetsi . Mukayika makina atsopano, kusankha waya yabwino kapena chingwe ndi theka la nkhondo. Ndipo pamene mukuyang'ana wiring mkati mwanu, mtundu wa wiring ukhoza kukuwuzani zochuluka za dera la waya-mwachitsanzo, mutatsegula bokosi la magulu ndikusowa kuti mudziwe ndani. Pano pali mawonekedwe a waya omwe mungathe kulowa nawo.
01 ya 06
Wiring Terminology
Zimathandiza kumvetsa mau ochepa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera wiring. Wiringulo wamagetsi ndi mtundu wopanga magetsi. Pankhani ya waya wothandizira, woyendetsa mwiniyo amakhala wamkuwa kapena aluminiyumu, kapena waya wouma kapena wokhotakhota. Mitundu yambiri m'nyumbayi imayikidwa m'matumba, kutanthauza kuti imakhala yokutidwa mu pulasitiki yopanda ntchito. Chinthu chodziwika kwambiri ndi mawaya, omwe amapezeka mkuwa wolimba kwambiri ndipo amatha kusungidwa ndi zobiriwira kapena osalumikizidwa (opanda).
Mtundu wowonjezera wambiri m'nyumba zamakono uli ngati chingwe cha nonmetallic (NM), chomwe chili ndi mawaya awiri kapena angapo atakulungidwa mkati mwa pulasitiki yotetezera. NM kabuku kawirikawiri imakhala ndi waya kapena otentha kwambiri (zonyamula zamakono), waya wosalowerera, ndi waya wonyamulira.
Mosiyana ndi chingwe cha NM, mawaya amodzi akhoza kuikidwa mkati mwa chitsulo cholimba kapena chosasinthika chomwe chimatchedwa kuti chingwe . Mankhwala amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene wiring'onowo amavumbula ndipo samabisala mkati mwa makoma, pansi, kapena pansi.
02 a 06
NM Cable
Mitundu iwiri ya chingwe cha NM. Tim Thiele Kawirikawiri amatchedwa "Romex," pambuyo pa dzina lodziwika, dzina la NM chipangizo chokonzekera mkati kumalo owuma. Pafupifupi wiring onse m'nyumba yamakono ndi chingwe cha NM. Kukula kwakukulu ndi chiwerengero chawo (amp) chiwerengero ndi:
- 14-gauge (masentimita 15 amphamvu)
- 12-gauge (20-amp circuits)
- 10-gauge (mamita 30 amphamvu)
- 8-gauge (40-amp circuits)
- 6-gauge (55-amp circuits)
03 a 06
UF Cable
Chithunzi cha Amazon Pachakudya Chakudya Chamtundu (UF) ndi mtundu wa chipangizo chosagwiritsiridwa ntchito chazitsulo chomwe chinapangidwira malo otupa komanso kuikidwa mmanda pansi. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popereka zakunja, monga lampposts. Monga waya wa NM, UF ili ndi mawaya otentha komanso osalowerera, kuphatikizapo waya wonyansa. Koma poyang'ana pa chingwe cha NM ndi pulasitiki yosiyana, pulasitiki ya UF ndi pulasitiki yolimba yomwe imayendayenda pamtunda uliwonse.
04 ya 06
THHN / THWN Waya
THHN waya. Tim Thiele THHN ndi THWN ndizo zizindikiro za mitundu iwiri yambiri ya waya wosungiramo ntchito yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwake. Mankhwala amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo osamaliridwa, monga zipinda zapansi ndi magalasi, komanso poyerekeza ndifupikitsa mkati mwa nyumba, monga kugwiritsira ntchito wiringira zotayira zinyalala ndi zotentha zamadzi otentha. Makalatawa amasonyeza zofunikira za kusungidwa kwa waya:
- T: thermoplastic
- H: kutenthetsa kutentha; HH amatanthauza kutentha kwambiri
- W: adawerengedwa m'malo amvula
- N: yophimbidwa ndi nylon, pofuna kutetezedwa kwina
05 ya 06
Mpweya Wopanda Mpweya
Home Depot Mawindo otsika otsika amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa maulendo omwe amafunika 50 volts kapena osachepera. Mitundu itatu yowoneka bwino ndi waya wonyezimira, fani ya belu (kwa ma doorbells), ndi waya wothandizira. Kukula kwa waya kumaphatikizapo pafupifupi 22 gauge kufika 12. Ma waya otsika kwambiri amakhala osungunuka ndipo akhoza kukhala mu kanyumba kapamwamba kapena ophatikizana, ofanana ndi waya wonyamulira. Izi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati akugwiritsa ntchito ma voltage otsika.
06 ya 06
Mafoni ndi Foni ya Data
Ma foni ndi deta ndi mafoni otsika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafoni ndi "hookups". Zingwe zam'manja zingakhale ndi mawaya anayi kapena asanu ndi atatu. Gawo lachisanu, kapena katatu, chingwe, mtundu wochuluka wa data wiring, uli ndi waya 8 atakulungidwa palimodzi. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kufalitsa mafoni ndi deta ndipo imapereka mphamvu yochuluka ndi khalidwe kuposa waya wamba.