01 ya 06
Dzina Lalikulu: Eames
Desi la Eames ndi kubwerera, c. 1954, ndi mpando wachifumu, c. 1958. Chithunzi chokongoletsedwa ndi Sothebys.com Kwa iwo omwe ayamba kufufuza malo a Mid-Century nyumba zamakono , Eames ndi malo achilengedwe a kuchoka. Dzina lakuti Eames, makamaka, lakhala likufanana ndi Mid-Century Modern monga zinthu zopanda chizindikiro cha ojambula zatchedwa "nyengo ya Eames" kuti ikhale yosamala.
Maonekedwe amakono mu 1940 ndipo adakula mpaka zaka za m'ma 1950, '60s, ndi oyambirira' 70s ku America akuwonetsa za zomangamanga za Bauhaus zomwe zinachokera ku Germany zaka makumi angapo m'mbuyomu, panthawi yomwe Art Deco ikukwera. Okonza ngati Charles ndi Ray Eames omangidwa pazolinga zamakono zamasiku ano ndi mipando yawo yokongola yokhala ndi mapuloteni otayika, ndi mipando ya pulasitiki yomwe imapangidwira kuti ikhale yoyenera kumbali ya thupi. Zolinga zawo zimaonedwa kuti ndizokhazikitsidwa pakati pa mafilimu a masiku ano.
Monga ofesi ya ofesi yowonetsedwa pano, zidutswa zambiri za Eames zinapangidwa ndi Herman Miller, dzina lina linakhazikitsidwa mu kapangidwe ka zaka za m'ma 500 CE.
02 a 06
Harry Bertoia
Mipando ya Diamondi yokonzedwanso ndi Harry Bertoia kwa Knoll International, c. 1950s. Chithunzi chovomerezeka ndi Morphy Auctions Zithunzi zojambulidwa ndi Harry Bertoia (1915-1978) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi modernism aficionados. Iye amadziwika bwino chifukwa cha "luso lake labwino" pamodzi ndi ntchito za mawonekedwe aulere ndi mapangidwe opangidwa ndi zitsamba zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zazikulu, kaya zowongoka kapena zokhota, zolowetsedwera kuti zikhale zojambula zamakono zomwe zingagulitse bwino m'masamba asanu ndi limodzi.
Ntchito yamatabwa, ntchito ya Bertoia ya Knoll yakhala pa mapu a osonkhanitsa kwa nthawi ndithu. "M'chaka cha 1950, Hans Knoll, yemwe anali woyambitsa zinyumba zamakono ku United States, analamula kuti akatswiri ojambula zitsulo a ku America a Harry Bertoia apange mipando ingapo," anatero wolemba mabuku Marvin D. Schwartz mu American Furniture: Matebulo, mipando, Sofa & Mabedi. "Zojambula za Bertoia zinapangitsa kuti pakhale zolepheretsa pakati pa zokongoletsera ndi zomangamanga ... zinthu zake zimakhala bwino bwino pakati pa kujambula ndi mipando."
"Madona a Diamondi" a Bertoia, monga momwe tawonedwera pano, ali ndi chingwe chazitsulo (chomwe chikhoza kuwonedwa kumbuyo) ndi chivundikiro cha nsalu. Panali zojambula zisanu zowoneka bwino zojambula zojambula zowonekera ku Bertoia Collection for Knoll. Mofanana ndi mapangidwe ambiri a Knoll kuyambira m'ma 50s, mipando iyi inapangidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Malemba a Knoll Associates anagwiritsidwa ntchito kupyolera mu 1969, kotero Mabaibulo omwe anapangidwa kuchokera nthawi imeneyo amadziwika kuti Knoll International pamene malemba akadalipo.
03 a 06
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
Pair wa Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe Tugendous mipando yokhala ndi mipando yeniyeni ya Knoll Associates, c. 1970s. Chithunzi chovomerezeka ndi Rago Arts ndi Auction Center Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe (1886-1969) amadziwika kuti "Sindifuna kukhala wosangalatsa, ndikufuna kukhala wabwino." Wokondedwa kapena ayi, kuwonjezera pa kukongola kwakukulu, ntchito yake ndi imodzi mwa zokondweretsa komanso zofunika kwa mafani a zokongoletsera zamakono. Anatumikira monga mkulu wa Bauhaus, sukulu yopatulira kuyang'ana zamakono ndi zamakono zamakono, kuyambira 1930 mpaka 1933 pamene itatsekedwa pakulimbikitsidwa kwa lamulo la Nazi. Anasamukira ku United States chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1930 komwe adakopa anthu ammudzi.
Mofanana ndi Bertoia, Mies anapangidwa ndi Knoll Associates. Kukonzekera kumeneku kunapanga mapangidwe ambiri, mosamala kugwiritsa ntchito malo osatsekemera mofanana ndi zomangamanga zake, zomwe zakhala ndi mipando yokhala ndi mipando yolimba kwambiri pamwamba pa mpweya. Izi ndi zoona ndi mipando ya ku Tugendhat yomwe ikuwonetsedwa pano pamodzi ndi mipando yake yambiri yomwe ikuchokera ku Bauhaus. Mitambo iyi yakhala yochuluka kwambiri kuyambira pamene adayambitsidwa.
Mpangidwe wake wotchuka kwambiri, komabe, ndi mpando wa Barcelona. Mpando wachionetsero umenewu unapangidwira koyamba ku 1929 ku Barcelona, Spain. Knoll International (dzina la kampani kuyambira 1969) akuperekabe "chochepa kwambiri" mpando wa Barcelona lero.
04 ya 06
Marcel Breuer
Wassily mpando wopangidwa ndi Marcel Breuer wopangidwa ndi Standard-Möbel, c. 1927. Chithunzi chololera cha Sotheby's Marcel Breuer, mofanana ndi Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, anapanga mipando yambiri yonyamulira bauhaus ku Germany. Zambiri mwa mipandoyi inagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mipando ya cantilevered, ndipo inalembedwa ku United States ndi Europe m'ma 1920 ndi 30s. Kwa mafaniziro enieni a modernism, zoyambirira zomwe zimakhala ndi airy zambiri zimakhudzidwa kwambiri kuposa zolemera zambiri zomwe zimapangidwa.
Chombo chotchuka kwambiri cha Breuer, Wassily mpando, adakhalapo panthawi yomwe anali mkulu wa msonkhano wopanga ndondomeko ya abambo akadali ku Bauhaus. Chitsanzo choyamba cha kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mpando wa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe chinapangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 1920, ndipo chinatchulidwa kuti Model B3 basi. Zinafika muzojambula ziwiri ndi zooneka bwino zokhala ndi nsalu zomangira zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo monga zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu mipando ya chipatala cha tsikulo. Mipando yoyambirirayi ndi zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri kwa osonkhanitsa. Pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, Wassily anapangidwa ndi nsalu zambiri za chikopa, ngakhale kuti nsalu zinalipo.
Pofika mu 1968 Knoll anagula bukhu la Breuer ndipo anayamba kupanga mapangidwe ake, omwe angapo alipo lero. Izi zikuphatikizapo Wassily mpando wa mitundu yosiyana siyana, mpando wa cantilevered wa Cesca m'zosindikizidwa popanda mikono, komanso khofi yake yotchuka ya Laccio ndi matebulo otsiriza.
05 ya 06
Arne Jacobsen
Mkonzi wamakono wa Arne Jacobsen Egg Chair ndi zofanana ndi zolemba za Fritz Hansen. Chithunzi chovomerezeka ndi Palm Beach Modern Auctions Wojambula wina wotchuka wamkati wa zaka za m'ma 2000 ndi mizu yomangamanga ndi Arne Jacobsen (1902-1971). Wolemba masomphenya wa Chidanishi adalimbikitsidwa ndi mapangidwe a masiku ano a Charles ndi Ray Eames ndipo adagwirizanitsa ndi anthu ena opanga mapangidwe kuti apange zipangizo za nyumba zomwe adalenga.
Mwachitsanzo, Jacobsen analenga zonse zokhudza SAS Royal Hotel ku Copenhagen, Denmark. Chimodzi mwa zidutswa za nyumba ya hoteloyo chinali chizindikiro chake Chakudya chotsatira chaching'ono chomwe chinapangidwa mu 1958. Mng'oma umenewu ndi umodzi mwa mapangidwe ake omwe amadziwika bwino kwambiri, ndipo amodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri m'mafanizi a zamakono. Ilo likupangidwabe lero, kwenikweni.
Anakhalanso ndi mpando wa Ant ndi mpando wa Swan, pamodzi ndi mapangidwe ena atsopano kuphatikizapo flatware, malo ogulitsa, ndi ma teti. Zonsezi zimagwira bwino ntchito kuphatikizapo zosangalatsa kuziwonetsera, ndipo ndizofunikira kwa osonkhanitsa lero.
06 ya 06
Paul Evans
Paul Evans akudyera patebulo ndi Philip Lloyd Powell, wolamulidwa ndi mwiniwake, c. 1964. Chithunzi choyamikira cha Sotheby's Mapangidwe a Paul Evans (1931-1987) akhala akudziwika mochulukira kwa zaka khumi zapitazi ndi okondwerera zamakono, ndipo zikhulupiliro zawuka bwino. Anapanga bizinesi yake yokha kugawana nawo nyumba yawonetsero ya New Jersey ndi Philip Lloyd Powell m'ma 1950, komanso kwa kampani ya North Carolina, Directional Furniture, m'ma 1960. Pofika m'ma 70s adabwerera kunyumba kwake ku Pennsylvania akugwiritsira ntchito antchito oposa 85 omwe anathandiza kudzaza nyumba yake yosonyezera New York ndi mapangidwe ake.
Zipinda za Evans zimadziwika kuti zimagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zojambulidwa kuphatikizapo bronze, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi mkuwa wokhala ndi mphamvu zamtundu wa Brutalism. Matebulo ake kawirikawiri amakhala ndi masentimita a zitsulo kapena matabwa, nthawi zina amabweretsa stalagmite zachilengedwe m'maganizo ngati kuti akukula kuchokera pansi, ndipo ena amakhala ndi galasi. Mbali zake zikuluzikulu zimakhala zolemetsa komanso zazikulu, ndipo mipiringidzoyo imakhala yosakanikirana kwambiri, kapena yonyezimira komanso yopangidwa ndi zitsulo zamitundumitundu.
Zambiri za Evans zidatumizidwa mwachindunji ndi makasitomala kudzera mu studio yake. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiridwa ndi eni ake oyambirira, ndipo malo awo alemba umboni wotsimikizira ngati ntchito ya Evans pamene akugulitsa. Zambiri mwa zidutswazi zimadziwika ndi "PE" kapena "Paul Evans" zomwe zimatchulidwanso ndi chiwerengero cha nambala ziwiri monga gawo limodzi.