Ngakhale kuti mitengo ya vinyl imapitirirabe kukula, pali zinthu zambiri zowononga zachilengedwe pazomwe zimapangidwira. Kuchokera kumapangidwe, kupyolera mu makonzedwe ndi ntchito, ndipo ngakhale atatha kusintha kwa moyo, vinyl imatha kuvulaza zonse komanso malo anu enieni, m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Vinyl Flooring Manufacture
Tanthauzo: Poly Vinyl Chloride kapena PVC ndi dzina luso la vinyl lomwe likupezeka mu zipangizo zapansi.
Zoona: Pali mapaundi 14 biliyoni a mapulaneti omwe amapangidwa ku United States chaka chilichonse.
Mafuta a Dioxins ndi Vinyl
Dioxin ndi matenda oopsa omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhalepo kwa nthawi yaitali. Mankhwala owopsawa amalengedwa panthawi yopanga chloride mu PVC. Zinthu izi zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha thanzi kwa aliyense amene ali payekha.
Nthaŵi zina, poizoniwa amatha kupitirira kutalika kuyenda makilomita mazana angapo akuvulaza kudutsa dera lonse. Zitha kuwonetsanso zamoyo m'munsi mwa chakudya, chomwe chidzawonongedwa ndi nyama zakutchire.
Mankhwala ena omwe amapangidwa popanga chlorine mu PVC amaphatikizapo ethylene dichloride ndi vinyl chloride. Zonsezi zingawononge kwambiri zachilengedwe ndi anthu okhala kumadera oyandikana ndi zomera.
Mafinya: Zina zimakhala zovuta, koma zambiri zowonongeka zimakhala zofewa komanso zololera. Chikhalidwe ichi chimapindula mwa kuwonjezereka kwa zowonjezereka kwa zakuthupi pamene PVC ikupangidwa. Izi ndizoopsa, ndipo zakhala zikugwirizanitsidwa ndi mavuto a uchembele ndi ubongo mwa anthu amene akhala akuwonekera kwa nthawi yayitali.
Vinyl Manufacturers Rebuttal
Ngakhale kuti pali zambiri zambiri zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti kupanga vinyl pansi kumakhala kovulaza chilengedwe, opanga mankhwalawa amapanganso zowonjezera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izi zikhale zoyenera.
Dioxin, mankhwala owopsa kwambiri omwe amapangidwa panthawi yopanga mankhwala, imapangidwanso nthawi iliyonse imene zinthu zakuthupi zimapangidwira. Chomera chachikulu kwambiri cha dioxin padziko lapansi ndi moto wamoto ndi kuphulika kwa mapiri. Zochitika zachibadwa izi zimakhala zochepa kwambiri za Dioxin zopangidwa ndi olemba pansi, omwe amakhala ochepa magalamu chaka chilichonse.
Malingana ndi kafukufuku wambiri, mlingo wa Dioxin m'zomwe zakhala zikuchitika m'zaka makumi anayi zapitazi, ngakhale kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa msinkhu wopanga mapulaneti.
Chitetezo cha Ogwira Ntchito
M'ma 1970, madokotala adayamba kuona kuti antchito ena ogwira ntchito popanga Vinyl Chloride monomers, chinthu chofunika kwambiri popanga PVC, anali ndi machitidwe aakulu a mtundu wina wa khansa. Chifukwa cha malamulo awa a kafukufuku adaperekedwa kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito m'zinthu izi.
Lero PVC ilipangidwa m'zinthu zomwe zimadziwika kuti chatseka chatsekedwa.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti kugwira ntchito kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga PVC ndizomwe zili ponseponse motsatira njira yopangira. Kusintha kumeneku m'mafakitale kwachititsa kuti palibe vuto linalake la khansa yowonongeka ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli kuyambira pachigamulo chawo.
Chlorine yosungirako
Chlorine mu PVC sikuti imangopangitsa kuti chilengedwe chiwonongeke panthawi yomwe imapanga, komanso imakhala yoopsa yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi amantha. Chifukwa chakuti sizingawonongeke, ndi poizoni, malo osungiramo katundu akusungirako zinthuzi azindikiritsidwa ndi gulu la ndege la United States monga momwe angapangire zigawenga. Kuukira koteroko kungafalikire chakuda ichi chakupha mtunda wautali pamtunda.
Zida ndi Zochita Zamagetsi Mu Kupanga Vinyl
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga vinyl ndi mafuta, osagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Komabe, kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga vinyl sikunagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mapulasitiki ambiri.
Zotsatira za Chilengedwe Pambuyo Kumangidwe
VOC: Chifukwa cha zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, vinyl nthawi zina amachoka m'magulu osiyanasiyana a Zachilengedwe Zamagulu, kapena VOC kupita kumlengalenga kwa nthawi pambuyo poyambitsidwa . Zinthu zowonongazi ndizovulaza khalidwe la mlengalenga ndipo zingayambitse matenda opuma pakapita nthawi.
Vuto la VOC lomwe limasulidwa lidzatsimikiziridwa ndi ubwino wa zinthuzo ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe yadutsa kuchokera pomwe atayikidwa. Mukhoza kuthetsa zotsatirazi mwa kuonetsetsa kuti mumagula kuchokera ku gwero loyenerera, ndipo onetsetsani kuti malo ali bwino mpweya wabwino kwa masiku angapo, kapena masabata atatha.
Adhesives: Pali mavuto angapo ndi ma adhesives omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika vilisi . Izi zikuphatikizapo kukhalapo kwa asibesitosi, komanso mankhwala omwe angayambitse kutuluka kwa VOC pambuyo pa kuikidwa. Zokondweretsa zambiri mwazifukwazi zathetsedwa ndi kusakaniza zamakono zamakono, komabe, muyenera kuwerenga malemba onse ndi kuika malangizo mosamala kuti muwonetsetse kuti simukudziwonetsera nokha ku zoopsa zaumoyo.
Kukhalitsa: Ngati kuikidwa bwino ndi kusamalidwa bwino , kuyika masitepe a vinyl kungakhale kwa zaka 10-20, motalika kwambiri kusiyana ndi zambiri zamatabwa komanso zowonjezera. Izi zimapulumutsa kuwononga ndi kuwononga chilengedwe pochotsa, kutaya, ndi kubwezeretsa pansi kwa zaka zambiri pa nthawi.
Pa nthawi yomweyo, vinyl pansi sitingathe kukonzanso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati chinthucho chakuwonongeka, chiyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuchotsedwa. Pansi pa matayala, izi ndizosavuta, ndipo matayala omwe amatha kuchotsedwa popanda kuchotsa kapena kusokoneza. Komabe, ndi pepala, njira yokhayo yokonzetsera pansi ndiyo kuchotsa gawo la izo. Komanso, pamene nkhope yonse ya pansi yayamba kukhala yopanda phindu, ndipo idzasinthidwa kwathunthu.
Kuopsa kwa Moto: Ngati moto utuluka ndipo vinyl m'kati mwako akugunda lamoto, idzayamba kutulutsa mpweya woopsa womwe umadzadzaza ndi poizoni woopsa kuphatikizapo dioxin. Ichi ndi chowonadi ngati moto waukulu ukutha, kapena pang'ono chabe ya pansi ikuwombedwa mwangozi kutaya chinachake.
Mapeto a Moyo wa Vinyl
Kutayika: Kukhazikika kwa vinyl ndi udindo pa kutaya zinthu izi. Sichimadziwika bwino, ndipo pamene chimatumizidwa ku malo osungirako zinthu zimangokhala pamenepo, kutenga malo kwa zaka. Nthawi zina zipangizo zamagetsi zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga zitsulo zamakonzedwe a zinyalala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azikhala ndi zinthu zonyansa zomwe zingawonongeke kusiyana ndi zomwe zimawonekera.
Kusinthika: Sizosatheka kubwezeretsanso zipangizo zambiri. Izi ndizokuti njira yobwezeretsanso iyenera kuti mukhale ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangidwa ndi vinyl. Mwamwayi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya vinyloni ili ndi zosiyana zamagulu, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosiyana. Izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi ma adhesives omwe nthawi zambiri amamangiriridwa ku vinyl pamene zinyumba zakutali zimachotsedwa ku zigawo zapansi.
Nthaŵi zina, opanga akuyandikira nkhaniyi pogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamakono zowonjezeredwa monga zowonjezera pansi pa malo osanjikiza. Zigawozi sizikudziwika kuti zimayenda pamtunda kapena zimatayika ndipo sizikusowa kuti zikhale zofunikira.