Chifukwa Chachikazi Amanga Zingwe ndi Zowonjezera Zambiri Zosangalatsa

1. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 35,000 yotchedwa kangaude, ngakhale kuti asayansi amanena kuti pangakhale mitundu pafupifupi 180,000 padziko lapansi. Pafupifupi 2,000 mwa iwo amakhala mu US, koma mitundu yambiri ya kangaudeyi imakhala ndi ma webs apamwamba.
2. Zitsamba zamanga zimamangidwa ndi silika, zomwe zimapangidwa mkati mwa thupi la kangaude ndipo zimatuluka pamitsempha iwiri, kapena zamphepete, ndi miyendo yamkati ya kangaude.
3. Akangaude onse ali ndi zidutswa ziwiri pamapazi awo, koma akangaude otsekemera amakhala ndi atatu. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito osati kungokera silika komanso kumangirira ndi kumasula ulusi wa intaneti ndikupereka chingwe pamene akuyenda pa intaneti.

1. Akalulu amathira mitundu iwiri ya silika:
   • Silika wolimba, kapena silika wovuta. Pofuna kulanda nyama, silika wothira, yonyowa kwambiri imapanga ulusi wopulumukira pa intaneti.
   • Silika wosakanizika, kapena silika wozungulira. Anayesetsa kulimbikitsa komanso kupereka chithandizo chamakono pa intaneti yomwe silk ya viscid imamangidwa, silika iyi ndi yolimba komanso yowuma.
   • Pofuna kuti asagwidwe muzitsamba zawo, akangaude amapewa kuyenda pa silk yokhazikika.
2. Mphamvu ya intaneti imadalira mphamvu ya nsalu yotchinga, komanso pa webusaiti yokha.
3. Webusaitiyi imamangidwa kotero kuti ngati mbali ina ya izo ikusokonezeka, zomwe zimayankhidwa zimamveka kudutsa lonse la intaneti, kuchenjeza kangaude ku chakudya chogwedezeka ndi cholimbana ndi tizilombo.
4. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, amamangidwa kotero kuti kulephera kumalo amodzi sikudzachititsa kuti intaneti yonse ilephereke, koma idzagonjetsa gawo lokhalo lolephera.
5. Akangaude amanganso zitsulo zawo pogwiritsa ntchito silikayo kenako "kubwezeretsanso" kuti apange zitsamba zatsopano.
6. Mabala amakhala ndi zolinga zingapo, koma chofunikira kwambiri ndikumangirira tizilombo kuti tidye.

1. Timagwiritsanso ntchito
   • kuyenda, kapena "baluni," kuchokera kumalo osiyanasiyana.
   • monga chitetezo kuzipinda zawo.
   • kutseka makokosi a dzira.
2. Ndi kangaude yaikazi yomwe imamanga ma webs.
3. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingakhale zizindikiro zothandiza zachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, ochita kafukufuku adatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zitsogolere ndi zinki m'mabwinja a miyala yamkati m'mapanga ku Australia chifukwa cha kusanthula madzi amtundu wambiri m'madzi.

Mitundu ya Zida Zangaude

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya webs: web webs, mapepala kapena mapepala a mapepala, ndi zitsamba zosavomerezeka za akalulu a nyumba.

• Zilonda za Orb-weaver spider zimapanga zitsamba zawo pafupifupi mwa kugwira, chifukwa, ngakhale ali ndi maso asanu ndi atatu, ali ndi maso osawona. Malingana ndi Newton Nature Bulletin yochokera ku Argonne National Laboratory, "Pansi pa mimba yake muli ziphuphu zisanu ndi chimodzi zomwe zingathe kupitilidwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zala za dzanja la munthu. Spinneret iliyonse ili ndi" mabomba "ndi" spools "ogwirizana ndi timachubu tating'ono kuti mitundu yambiri ya glands. " Silika imayamba ngati madzi kenako imakhazikika komanso imakhala yolimba kwambiri.
  Pofuna kumanga intaneti, wojambula amawombera maziko ndi ulusi wautali ndi nsalu pogwiritsa ntchito silk. Silikiti ya viscid imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa mazikowa, yopangidwa ndi "madontho" a chinthu chomwecho. Ulalo umatengera pafupifupi ora kuti umange.
• Webs Funnel - Zilonda zamakalatazi zimakonda kuponyedwa panja ndi matabwa a udzu kapena udzu. Monga momwe tafotokozera mu Newton Nature Bulletin, "Tsamba lirilonse likutulukira kunja kuchokera kutsekemera ngati kotsekemera komwe kangaude ikudikirira kuyembekezera ziwala ndi tizilombo tina zomwe zingagwirizane ndi Izo. Nthawi zonse amalimbikitsa ukonde ndipo, ngati osasokonezeka, akhoza kukhala dera lapafupi m'deralo. "
  Kawirikawiri amaika pang'onopang'ono, webusaiti "funnels" kupita kumsasa, monga kugwedezeka pansi kapena phokoso la miyala. Kutsegula kotsekemera kungakhale patali kuposa phazi, ndipo pepalali likukwera mamita atatu.

• Zosakanikirana - Zilonda zam'nyumba nthawi zambiri zimamanga zitsulo zawo pafupi, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa zomwe zimapangidwira. Webusaitiyi "ili ndi pepala lalikulu la silika wolimba kwambiri yomwe imakhala malo obisala ndipo imakhala ndi mizere yambiri ya anthu omwe ndi yaitali komanso amphamvu," inatero magazini yotchedwa Nature Bulletin. Akangaudewa amagwiritsa ntchito chisa chake cham'mbuyo-ngati miyendo, ndi mzere wawo wa nsalu zam'mbali, kuti agwire nyama pogwiritsa ntchito zida zowonongeka za intaneti pa tizilombo touluka kapena kuthamangira mmenemo.

Zotsatira za nkhaniyi zikuphatikizapo zolemba za boma zotsatirazi, zina mwazinthu zomwe zafotokozedwa mwachindunji:

• Institute of Franklin
• Library ya Congress
• National Institute for Biotechnology Information
• Chipatala cha Argonne National
• National Institute for Biotechnology Information
• National Science Foundation
• Missouri Department of Conservation