Kugwiritsa Ntchito Njira Yophunzitsira Mayi Waakulu
Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsa kuti udzudzu uzidya chiyani? Ngati munati, "ME!" Simuli nokha. Zikuwoneka kuti udzudzu wonse wa pesky umadyetsa ndi ife. Koma choonadi ndi akazi okha "kuluma" ndipo amachititsa kuti azidya chakudya cha mapuloteni kuti aike mazira awo. Ndiye kodi udzudzu wamwamuna umadya kuti upulumuke? Ndipo, udzudzu waamuna umawathira chiyani pamene sakuyamwa magazi athu?
Asayansi akhala akunena mafunso awa pamene akuyang'ana kupanga njira zatsopano zothandizira udzudzu kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo.
Pa nkhaniyi, Dr. Onie Tsabari, mkulu wa R & D ku Westham Co., akufotokoza zomwe udzudzu uzidya kuti zikhale ndi moyo komanso momwe kufotokozera "njala" iyi kungakhale yankho ku chida chatsopano chothandizira kulamulira udzudzu.
Chakudya Chopatsa Mchere Choyenera
Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, udzudzu sukudyetsa magazi kuti uwonjezere mphamvu zawo. Zakudya zowonjezera zomwe zimachokera ku zomera zina ndizomwe zimayambitsa mphamvu za udzudzu wamwamuna ndi wamkazi , ndipo ndikofunikira kuti apulumuke.
Zakudya zokhudzana ndi shuga zimafunika kuti mphamvu ndi anthu akuluakulu aziwuluka, kumanga ndi kufunafuna magwero a magazi. Kudyetsa shuga kaŵirikaŵiri ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zoyamba zomwe udzudzu umachita pokhapokha ataphunzirira ndipo zidzachitika maola 24 kapena kuposerapo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake mitundu yambiri ya udzudzu idzapuma ndikudyetsa m'madera ambiri.
Kufikira posachedwapa, kufufuza kochepa kunkachitika momwe khalidwe lakumayira shuga lingakhudzire makamaka njira zamakono komanso zamtsogolo.
Njira Zatsopano Zothandizira Madzimadzi
Kuwongolera kwatsopano komwe kumayang'ana pazomwe zimayambitsa kudya ndi kupuma kwa udzudzu ndizofunikira chifukwa udzudzu ndizo zamoyo zomwe zimasintha mosalekeza. Ndipotu, udzudzu wakhala ukufotokozedwa kutali zaka 100 miliyoni zapitazo. Kusintha kwanthawi zonse kumatanthawuza kuti njira zambiri zowonongeka zimatha kukhala zosawonongeka chifukwa udzudzu ukhoza kukhala wotsutsana ndi tizilombo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.
Ku United States, ndi mbali zambiri za dziko lapansi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe timagwiritsa ntchito kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda . Mapuloteni amatha kupanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa kuti tizilumikizana ndi udzudzu woopsa. Amapezeka m'nyumba zowononga tizilombo, timapepala, ndi ma diffusors omwe ali pansi pa mayina monga allethrin, resmethrin, permethrin, kapena cyfluthrin. Mapuloteni amakhala othandiza koma amatha kuyesetsanso ntchito komanso zovuta zachilengedwe zomwe zingawonongeke kapena kuziwonjezereka ndi mitundu ina yodzitetezera. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zolimbana ndi udzudzu kumachepetsa mwayi umene udzudzu udzatetezedwa ndi tizilombo tina.
Kupambana kwa Madzikiti Opambana
Njira yatsopano yowononga shuga imatchedwa "Attractive Targeted Sugar Bait", kapena ATSB ® . ATSB ndi njira yokopa ndi kupha yomwe imayikiranso ming'onoting'ono ya abambo ndi azimayi kuti asatengere shuga. Zimagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito kukopa shuga (nyambo) ndi "poizoni" (chakudya chogwiritsidwa ntchito). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku malo opumulira ndi kudyetsa udzudzu, ndipo kamodzi kakalowa, amachititsa kuti poizoni azipha anyamata ndi akazi ndipo potsirizira pake amathyola udzudzu m'malo ochiritsira.
ATSB ndiwowonjezera kufunika kwa njira zamakono monga zowononga ndi malo opopera. Nazi zina mwa njira zomwe zimasiyanirana ndikukwaniritsa zolamulira zamakono. Icho:
- Amayambitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya udzudzu: Aedes, Culex, Anopheles.
- Amapereka njira yatsopano: Ndizowonjezereka, m'matope poizoni kapena kupha munthu.
- Ndimagwira ntchito m'matawuni komanso m'madera okhalamo komanso malo akuluakulu (galimoto, mapaki).
- Amagonjetsa vuto lokula la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Ndibwino kuti chilengedwe chikhale chodabwitsa, pogwiritsira ntchito zakudya zogwiritsira ntchito zakudya komanso zofunikira.
- Angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi iliyonse ya udzudzu - osati m'mawa ndi madzulo .
- Sitikukopa njuchi, agulugufe kapena zofufumitsa zina .. (Malingana ndi: "Kuunika kwa mitsempha yoopsa ya shuga (ATSB) yoletsa udzudzu wa vector ndi nthenda komanso zotsatira zake pazilombo zomwe sizilongosoledwa m'madera otentha ku Florida" ndi Qualls et al. [Acta Tropica 131, 2014])
ATSB mu Global Mosquito Control
Asayansi akhala akudziŵa kwa zaka zambiri kuti udzudzu umafuna shuga kuti upulumuke. Ndipotu, mapepala osayansi oposa 20 omwe amafalitsidwa akuthandizira ndondomeko ya ATSB monga mphamvu yaikulu kwambiri pa nkhondo yapadziko lonse yotsutsana ndi udzudzu, zomwe zakhala zikuchitika posachedwapa ndi "Kuchita bwino kwa mazira a shuga oopsa (ATSB) motsutsana ndi Aedes albopictus ndi mafuta a adyo omwe ali mu beta- cyclodextrin ngati chogwiritsira ntchito "ndi Junnila et al., yomwe inapezeka mu magazini ya Acta Tropica ya September 2015. (Acta Tropica 152)
Komabe, posakhalitsa, kampani yapadziko lonse ya biotech inatha kukhazikitsa ndikuyankhira zokopa za shuga ndikuziphatikiza ndi "poizoni" wa zakudya zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito.
Chidule cha ATSB Cholinga, "ATSB ndi mafuta a adyo omwe ali m'kati mwa beta-Cyclodextrin monga chogwiritsira ntchito" ndi Dr. Gunter Muller (Israeli 2013) adasonyeza kuti njira ya Westham ATSB imachepetsa anthu amtundu wa 90% pamasabata awiri kapena atatu okha, kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa mitundu ya mitundu ya Aedes albopictus udzudzu ndi Culex mitundu. Malingana ndi kafukufuku wa Qualls, njirayi ndi yotetezeka kwa anthu, ziweto ndi chilengedwe komanso zatsimikiziridwa kuti zisakope njuchi, agulugufe ndi zina zina.
ASTB ili ndi malonjezano othandiza padziko lonse kuti athetse vector, kapena matenda omwe amanyamula udzudzu. Kuimira machitidwe atsopano otsogolera udzudzu, Westham akuyankhula nthawi zonse ndi World Health Organization, Gates Foundation, ndi asilikali a US. Kupyolera mu zopereka kuchokera ku International Vector Control Consortium (IVCC) ndi Grand Challenge Israel, njira ya ATSB komanso momwe zimakhudzidwira ndi ma ARV akuyesedwanso ku Africa.
Madzudzu: Njira Yowonjezera
Palibe njira imodzi yomwe idzayendetse udzudzu wonse. Zimatengera njira yogwirizana. Yesani njira zina zowonetsera komanso zowona kuti muchepetse udzudzu ndikulira panyumba muno chilimwe:
- Musaiwale Zamoyo Zanu - Kwa ambiri a ife, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala ngati zachilengedwe ngati dzuwa. Musaiwale kuteteza malo anu okhala kumbuyo ndi nyambo zakumaso ndikupha mankhwala. Kanthawi kochepa kangathe kuchepetsa kulira kokha, komanso kuswana kwa udzudzu.
- Chotsani Madzi Oimirira - Zimatengera madzi pang'ono kuti mphutsi zikhalemo ndipo mitundu ina yazudzu ya udzudzu imakhala ndi dontho lokha kuti likhale ndi moyo. Pambuyo pa mkuntho, khalani olimbikitsa zowonongeka, kuyamwa zamatope komanso kuyang'ana m'malo osalakwa ngati kusuntha kwa madzi.
- - Madzudzu amakopeka ndi zinyalala ndi mitundu ina ya zinyalala kotero onetsetsani kuti malo anu akunja ayenda bwino. Sungani udzu wotchetcha ndi tchire takonzanso.