Mankhwala osokoneza bongo FAQ
Kodi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi otani?
Malinga ndi National Safety Council (NSC), "Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi chinthu chilichonse kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe cholinga chake ndi kuteteza, kuwononga, kubwezera, kapena kuchepetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda." Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira tizirombo tambirimbiri kuposa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe anthu ambiri amawagwirizanitsa.- Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amawoneka ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo?
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mozungulira nyumba angakhale ngati mawonekedwe opopera, zamadzimadzi, timitengo, ufa, makristasi, mipira, ndi foggers. Zikuphatikizapo:- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyendayenda, komanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa anthu kapena zinyama kuti tipewe kulumidwa (monga mankhwala opatsirana ndi udzudzu, utsi ndi tizilombo timeneti ndi zina zotero.
- Nthawi yothandizira kuthetsa miyezi
- Rodenticides, kawirikawiri amakhala ngati nyambo zolimba kapena zamadzimadzi, zothandizira ndi kuthetsa makoswe ndi mbewa
- Mafungicides kuti aphe nkhungu ndi mildew
- Mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga kuyeretsa, sanitizers komanso ngakhale kutentha kwa mpweya kuteteza kapena kuthetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Herbicides ankagwiritsa ntchito kupha namsongole ndi zosafunika zina.
- Zida zina monga dziwe ndi mankhwala a spa, mankhwala a matabwa ndi zosungiramo zitsulo, etc. zingatanthauzenso ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
- Nchifukwa chiyani mankhwala ophera tizilombo amaonedwa kuti ndi owopsa?
Mankhwala ophera tizilombo amapangidwa makamaka chifukwa ali poizoni kwa zamoyo zinazake. Ngakhale kuti ndi ofunikira ku nyumba ndi kusamalira bwalo, chiopsezo cha mankhwala ambiri ophera tizilombo chimatanthauzanso kuti akhoza kuikapo ngozi kwa anthu pamagulu ena. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa, makamaka pamene mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito mopanda ntchito kapena zowonjezera, zingayambitse matenda, kuvulala, ngakhale imfa. - Koma ndikhoza kugula zinthu izi ku sitolo yanga, kotero sayenera kukhala otetezeka?
Osati kwenikweni. EPA, yomwe imayambitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo, salola kuti opanga tizilombo azipanga chitetezo. Ndicho chifukwa chake zofunikira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pa cholinga chomwe akufuna komanso mogwirizana ndi malemba onse. - Kodi ndi zoopsa zingati?
Zimatengera. Mwachidule, EPA imatchula "bambo wamakono toxicology," akuti, "Mliriwu umapangitsa poizoni." Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kuchuluka kwa chinthu chimene munthu amawonekera ndi chofunika kwambiri monga momwe mankhwalawa angakhalire. "
- Kodi zotsatira zathanzi zotani za mankhwala ophera tizilombo?
Malinga ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi mlingo ndi mtundu wa kufotokozera kapena kukhudzana, zotsatira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo zingakhale zopanda mantha monga kukwiya kwa maso, mphuno, mmero, kapena khungu. Kapena zotsatira zake zingakhale zoopsa kwambiri monga kuwonongeka kwa kayendedwe kabwino ka mitsempha ndi impso kapena chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa. Zizindikiro zingaphatikizepo mutu, chizungulire, kufooka kwa thupi, ndi kunyoza. Kukhalitsa kwanthawi yaitali kwa mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo kungayambitse chiwindi, impso, endocrine ndi machitidwe amanjenje. Kuonjezera apo, kuwonetsetsa kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (omwe ambiri saloledwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi EPA), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, amapanga zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kupweteka mutu, chizungulire, kupweteka kwa minofu, kufooka, kuyimba, komanso kusokonezeka.
- Kodi banja langa likuwonekera ku mankhwala ophera tizilombo pokhapokha atagwiritsidwa ntchito?
Zapezeka kuti magulu khumi ndi awiri ophera tizilombo amapezeka mlengalenga m'nyumba. Ngakhale zina mwazimene zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'mabanja awo, kuwonetsetsa kungabwererenso kuchokera ku dothi kapena fumbi loyipa lomwe limayandama kapena likupezeka kuchokera kunja, kusungiramo mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndi malo apakhomo omwe amasonkhanitsa ndikutsitsa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. - Kodi ndingatani kuti ndisamawonongeke?
Malingana ndi EPA, anthu amatha kudziwidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'njira zitatu: Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (kutsegula m'mimba), kuyamwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kudzera pakhungu (kutsegula m'mimba), komanso kutulutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'kamwa mwawo kapena pakamwa. Mu 2009, American Association of Poison Control Centers inati anthu 92,240 anapezeka ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo; 41,882 anali ndi zaka zisanu kapena zisanu. - Kodi ndingatani kuti ndisachepe ndikuthandizani kuti banja langa likhale lotetezeka?
- Ndibwino kuyesa njira zopanda mphamvu zowononga tizilombo koyamba, kenako mankhwala ngati pakufunika.
- Musanagule kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, yang'anani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndiye gula / gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo okha omwe ali ndi tizilombo tomwe tatchulidwa palemba.
- Werengani ndi kuwerenganso mauthenga apadera nthawi iliyonse yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndikutsatira mosamala njira zonse. Gwiritsani ntchito ndalama zokhazokha pa nthawi yeniyeni, pansi pa zolembazo, pazinthu zolembedwa ndi tizilombo.
- Ventilate m'deralo panthawi yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
- Sungani mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe sangathe kuwapeza ndi ana ndi ziweto, makamaka mu komiti yosungidwa
- dera. Pewani mankhwala osokoneza bongo mosagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Kuti muonetsetse chitetezo kwa ana, EPA imalimbikitsa, "Yendayenda mmanja mwako ndi mawondo kuti muwone ngati mwaphonya zoopsa zilizonse zomwe zingakhale zoopsa kuchokera kwa mwana wanu."
- Kodi muli ndi malingaliro alionse olembera katswiri?
NSC imalangiza kuti: "Aliyense woganizira ntchito ya kampani yowononga tizilombo ayenera kupeza mayankho ogwira mtima pa mafunso okhudza kafukufuku wa kampani, inshuwalansi, malayisensi, ogwirizanitsa ndi mabungwe ogulitsa tizilombo, ndi chithandizo chomwe akufuna." Zambiri zokhudzana ndi ntchito ya katswiri ndi zopezeka mu mutu wa Top 12 Mmene Mungagwiritsire Ntchito Kudzala Chipatala . - Ndingapeze kuti kuti mudziwe zambiri?
Pali zida zambiri zowunikira, kuphatikizapo:- NSC
- National National Information Center kapena kuitanitsa 800-858-PEST.
- EPA
- National Pesticide Information Center