Kukula Bromeliads Kunyumba

Bromeliads ndi imodzi mwa zomera zabwino kwambiri zam'mlengalenga kuti zikule m'nyumba mwanu. Zimakhala zosinthika kwambiri, kulekerera zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana zapanyumba. Mwa kutsatira njira zingapo zofunika, mukhoza kuyang'ana zomera izi zokongola ndi zobiriwira bwino ndi maluwa kwa zaka zikubwerazi.

N'chifukwa Chiyani Kukula Bromeliads?

• Zimakhala zovuta kukula m'nyumba.
• Mitundu yambiri imalekerera madzi okwanira mosavuta.
• Iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola, masamba, ndi maluwa.

• Maluwa (inflorescence) miyezi itatu yapitali kapena kuposa.
• Zimabereka mosalekeza komanso mofulumira.
• Palinso tizirombo ndi matenda ochepa omwe amachititsa kuti bromeliads iwonongeke.

Zofunikira Zachikhalidwe Zambiri za Bromeliads

Bromeliad zambiri zimakhala zosinthika komanso zowonongeka. Bromeliads akhoza kukhala epiphytic (kukula mumlengalenga), poizoni (kukula pamwala), kapena padziko lapansi (kukula pansi). Ambiri amachita bwino miphika ndi mapulaneti omwe amapereka madzi abwino . Mndandanda uli m'munsiyi ndi malangizo othandiza kuti bromeliads zizikhala bwino ndikupunthwa mobwerezabwereza kunyumba kwanu.

• Bromeliads ingakhale wamkulu m'mawindo kapena pansi pa kuwala kwa fulorosenti. Ambiri a bromeliads amakula bwino mu kuwala kosaoneka bwino. M'chilimwe, amatha kukhala wamkulu kunja.
• Bromeliads imalekerera kutentha kwakukulu kuchokera kufupi ndi kuzizira mpaka madigiri 100 F. Mabromeliads ambiri amasangalala kwambiri kuposa kutentha kwa pakati pa 65 mpaka 90 madigiri masana ndi masentimita 50 mpaka 65 usiku.

• Ambiri a bromeliads amapindula ndi kutentha kwapamwamba komanso kutulutsa mpweya wabwino. Njira yosavuta yowonjezeramo chinyezi ndiyo kuyika galasi la miyala yoyera pansi pa miphika. Izi ndi zofunika makamaka pamene kutentha kapena mpweya wabwino ukupezeka panyumba panu. Mukhozanso kugula chophimba chapadera chokhala ndi madzi osungira omwe amakupatsani kusunga madzi mu thireyi kuti mukhale chinyezi.

• Dothi lokhazikika liyenera kukhala losavuta ndikugwira chinyezi, komabe lidzathamanga mofulumira. Mankhwala a orchid amathira, peat moss, sphagnum moss ndi malasha zimagwira ntchito bwino, monga momwe zimakhalira kuyamwa zosakaniza. Chinsinsi chophweka ndisakaniza kusakanikirana ndi hafu ya orchid osakaniza (kalasi yabwino). Zinthu ziwiri zomwe muyenera kupewa: Musagwiritse ntchito dothi ladothi ndipo musawonjezerepo madzi okwanira pansi pa mphika (ngalande imangogwira ntchito ngati msinkhu umakhala wodzazidwa.) Lingaliro ndi kupewa mapewa omwe amadzaza).
• Epiphytic bromeliads ikhoza kukula mumphika kapena kuyika matabwa a matabwa omwe ali ndi matumbo a nylon kapena glue osadziwika.
• Mabromeliads omwe amakula mlengalenga ayenera kuthiriridwa tsiku ndi tsiku mwa kuthira mbewu. Amapindula ndi kuviikidwa, kumiza zomera mumadzi kamodzi pa sabata.
• Tank bromeliads ndi zomera zomwe zimasunga madzi m'mabasi a masamba awo. Mizu imathandizira kukhazikitsa zomera izi, pamene masamba amayamba kugwira ntchito ya madzi ndi zakudya zamchere. Makapu ayenera kudzaza madzi nthawi zonse-kuthira kapu ndi madzi kamodzi pa sabata. Chophimba chophimba ayenera kuthiriridwa, koma chiloledwa kuti chiume pakati pa kuthirira.
• Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza yosungunuka madzi pakusakaniza 1/8 mpaka 1/4 mlingo womwe umaperekedwa mu botolo. Musamange mvula m'nyengo yozizira pamene zomera zafika pakukhwima ndipo zikuyamba kuphuka. Manyowa pa nyengo yokula sabata iliyonse kamodzi pa mwezi.

• Mabromeliad ambiri amatha maluwa (makamaka Aechmea ndi Vriesea). Amapanga "ziphuphu" kapena timatabwa ting'onoting'ono zomwe zimakhala pansi pamtunda. Izi zikhoza kupatulidwa ndi kholo pamene kholo liyamba kufa kapena pamene "chiphuphu" chiri 1/3 mpaka 1/2 kukula kwa kholo. Pobwezeretsa "ziphuphu," pang'onopang'ono muchotse mamba omwe ali owuma, tsamba ngati patsinde la "pup." Pikani maziko osapola masentimita imodzi ndikugwiritsira ntchito pathanthwe, phokoso lamaluwa, kapena mtengo mpaka mawonekedwe atsopano amapanga ndikugwira. Apo ayi, dulani kholo lakufa kumbuyo kwake ndikusiya "chiphuphu" kuti chikule mumphika.
• Mitundu ina ya bromeliad imapanga mabala atsopano pogwiritsa ntchito ma stoloni (mafunde aakulu omwe amakula pamtunda pamwamba pa nthaka). Izi zikhoza kumasiyidwa kuti zibweretse tsango la zomera kapena kuchotsedwa ndi kubzala.

• Poyesa maluwa mu bromeliad, yonjezerani mlingo wowala. Mitengo yambiri ya bromeliad m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati mukukhala ndi nthawi yovuta kuti mupeze maluwa okhwima, mukhoza kulikakamiza mwa kuika mbale ya zipatso ndi maapulo pafupi ndi chomera kwa sabata kapena masiku khumi. Gesi ya ethylene yotulutsidwa ndi chipatso imathandizira kulimbikitsa maluwa, ngakhale kuti muyenera kukhala oleza mtima.
• Aechmeas, billbergias, guzmanias, ndi vrieseas onse ali ndi inflorescences (zodula) gawo losangalatsa.

Buku la Encyclopedia of Exotic Plants for Climate Climates , lolembedwa ndi Will Giles, ndilo lofotokozera bwino bromeliads ndi zomera zambiri monga cacti ndi fern omwe amapanga mabwenzi abwino m'munda wamkati.

Pitirizani kuwerenga, kuti muwerenge mndandanda wa bromeliads wamkulu kuti mukule kwanu.

Aechmea (EEK-me-uh kapena ECK-mee-uh): Izi zonse ndizopophytic, kupanga bromeliads. Maluwawo amakhala ndi bracts okongola omwe amavala mtundu wawo kwa milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ingapo. Aechmeas ambiri amakhalanso ndi zipatso zofiira kapena zobiriwira zamabulosi . Aechmeas ambiri amakonda kuwala ndi kupanga mawonekedwe akuluakulu a zomera.

Biillbergia (ndalama-BUR-gee-uh): Mabromeliads awa amapanga zomera zochepa, zosazinga. Nkofunika kuti musapitirize kutunga maluwa a billbergias pokhapokha masambawo adzalandidwa kwambiri ndipo ataya mpweya wabwino.

Cryptanthus (khungu-TAN-motero): Mabromeliads awa amatchedwa dziko lapansi nyenyezi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo. Iwo amachita bwino mwachindunji. Mitengo iyi ndi nthaka yeniyeni (zomera zikukula m'nthaka) ndipo osamwa madzi pamasamba awo.

Dyckia (DICK-ee-uh): Awa ndiwo malo a chipululu ndi mitsempha yowopsya. Ambiri ali ndi miyeso yomwe imapatsa maonekedwe oyera. Amafuna kuwala kwakukulu ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi madzi pang'ono-ngakhale amakonda madzi okwanira.

Guzmania (guhz-MAIN-ee-uh kapena gooz-MAHN-ee-uh): Pafupifupi mabromeliads onsewa ali ndi masamba a mdima, owala ndipo ali ndi zomera zopanga matani. Mitengo iyi imakula bwino mumthunzi ndipo silingalekerere kutentha kwakukulu (kuzizira kapena kutentha). Iwo amakula chifukwa cha zokongola za inflorescence (mbali ya maluwa) yomwe imakhala kwa miyezi yambiri.

Neoregelia (KNEE-oh-reh-GEE-uh): Mtundu uwu ulibe maluwa okongola, koma umapindula ndi masamba apadera.

Mu zomera zambiri, mkatikati mwa masamba amasanduka chofiira kwambiri kapena pinki. Musamangomeretsa zomera, kapena masambawo akhalebe obiriwira. Neoregelias amafuna kuwala koyang'ana kuyang'ana bwino.

Tillandsia (mpaka-AND-see-uh): Ambiri a bromeliads awa amapezeka m'malo ouma ndipo amakhala ndi masamba-amtundu.

Ayenera kuthirizidwa ndi kuthira-nthawi zambiri zimadalira mitundu.

Vriesea (VREE-see-uh kapena VREE-zhuh): Zomera zimenezi zimakhala ndi maluwa okongola ngati a lupanga omwe amatha miyezi. Mavrieseas ambiri ndi tank bromeliads ndi masamba ofewa, owonyezimira. Zimasinthika, zimakula mozama mpaka pamthunzi wakuya.

Nazi malingaliro abwino kwambiri okula ndi kusamalira bromeliads yanu.

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