Pamene mbalame zimalowa m'munda ndikuona mitundu inayake ya zamoyo, zimayembekezera kuti mbalameyo ikhale ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma zinthu monga mbalame ya melanism ingasinthe kwambiri maonekedwe a mbalame. Mbalame zamdima zodabwitsa izi zingakhale zodabwitsa kuona ndi zovuta kuzindikira, koma mbalame zomwe zimamvetsetsa mtundu wa mitunduyi zimatha kuzindikira nyenyezi za mbalamezi ndizopadera.
Kodi Melanism Ndi Chiyani?
Matenda a Melanism, kapena matenda a melanosis, ndi amene amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini kumene kumapangitsa mbalame kuti ikhale ndi nthenda yotchedwa melanin kapena mdima wakuda.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti nthengazo zikhale zakuda kwambiri kuposa maluwa ambiri, ndipo mbalame zambiri zowonongeka zimakhala zofiirira kwambiri kapena zakuda kapena zingangosonyeza maonekedwe a mitundu ina. Pali njira ziwiri zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere zimakhudza mvula ya mbalame:
- Kawirikawiri zizindikiro za mdima, monga bib, hood, mzere wa diso, mzere wa malar kapena mipiringidzo ya mapiko, ndizowonjezereka ndipo "zikuwoneka" malire awo
- Mphungu zonse zimadetsedwa ndipo zimakhala zofiira kwambiri kapena zakuda zomwe zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi zina komanso zolemba zina zovundukuka
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chibwibwi kapena chiwombankhanga kwambiri, chiphuphu chimatha mosiyana ndi mbalame zosiyana. Anthu ena amawonetsa mvula yambiri yakuda kuposa yachibadwa ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa mitundu yomwe imawapangitsa kukhala osadziwika. Mbalame zina sizikhala ndi mawonekedwe oonekera kwambiri, makamaka ngati zili kale zolemba zamdima ndipo kusintha kumeneku sikungakhale kochepa kwambiri.
Mdima Wofiira ndi Malanism
Ngakhale kuti mbalame yeniyeni yosaoneka ndi yosavomerezeka, mitundu yambiri ya mbalame imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imasonyeza kuti pali chiwindi.
Izi zimapanga kusiyana kwa mdima wa mbalame, komanso mbalame zimatha kudziwa kuti mbalamezi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Mitundu iwiri yomwe ili ndi mdima wamdima wodziwika bwino ndi owala ofiira ndi abambo obiriwira.
Mu mbalame zakutchire, monga mbalame zapikisano kapena nkhuku zomwe zimagwidwa ukapolo, mbalame zazing'ono kapena nkhunda zinazake, nkhuku zowonongeka zingakhale zabwino kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo apadera.
Mbalame zomwe zimawonetsa mdima wodetsedwa zingakhale zikulumikizana wina ndi mzake kuonetsetsa kuti majini amapitsidwira ku mbadwo wina ndi mbalame zowonjezereka zimagwedezeka mu ziwalo zotsatira.
N'zoona kuti mbalame zina monga makunguwe , mazira ndi mbalame zambiri zimakhala ndi mdima wambiri. Ngakhale kuti mbalamezi zimawoneka ngati zakuda, izi ndi zachilengedwe za mitundu yawo ndipo sizingaganizidwe kuti zimakhala zowonongeka.
Mmene Mungadziŵire Mbalame Zodabwitsa
Pamene mbalame zimakhala ndi maluwa komanso malo amtundu sangathe kuwonanso, chizindikiritso chingakhale chovuta kwambiri. Pamene mukuyang'ana mbalame yotchedwa melanistic, n'kosatheka kudalira mtundu wokhawokha kuti mudziwe mtundu wa zamoyo, chifukwa mtundu wambiri udzaphimbidwa ndi mvula yakuda. M'malo mwake, mbalame ziyenera kusamala kukula kwa mbalame ndi maonekedwe, khalidwe, kudyetsa, nyimbo ndi nyimbo. Ngati mbalameyo imapezeka m'gulu la nkhosa, mabwenzi ake angakhale ndi zifukwa zamphamvu zokhudzana ndi zinyama, ngakhale zoweta. Kufufuza mwaluso miyendo ya mbalame, mapazi, maso ndi bilo zimathandizanso, monga chiphuphu chimakhudza nthenga ndi ziwalo zina za thupi - mtengo wofiira, miyendo yamoto kapena maso owopsa - sangasinthe.
Zotsatira za Melanism pa Mbalame
Pamene kupha nsomba kungakhale koopsa kwa mbalame chifukwa zimawawombera , kusungunuka kungakhale kopindulitsa pothandiza kubisa mbalame mokwanira.
Mbalame zowonongeka m'nyengo yozizira nyengo ingathenso kutentha kwambiri dzuwa pogwiritsa ntchito dzuwa , kuwathandiza kuti aziwotcha thupi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Kafukufuku wa zinyama zina zowonongeka, makamaka ziphuphu, zasonyeza kuti chibadwa chimagwirizanitsa pakati pa melanism ndi machitidwe amphamvu a chitetezo cha mthupi, zomwe zingapangitse nyama zowonongeka ndi mbalame kuti zisamalimbane ndi matenda. Amakhulupirira kuti phindu limeneli lingakhale likuthandiza kuchititsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalame ikhale yamdima.
N'zoona kuti mbalame yokhala ndi chiphuphu ingakhale yovuta kukopa mwamuna kapena mkazi chifukwa chakuti maonekedwe awo sikuti akuyembekezeredwa kuswana. Nthenda yotchedwa melanin yambiri mu nthenga ingathenso kulanda mbalame za nthenga zina, zomwe zingayambitse nthenga zopweteka kwambiri.
Izi zingakhudze luso la kuthawa kwa mbalame, kulanda kufunika kofunikira.
Mbalame iliyonse yosaoneka bwino ikhoza kukhala chithandizo kwa mbalame kuti iwone. Pozindikira kuti mbalame imasungunuka ndi momwe imakhudzira mvula, mbalame zimatha kuzindikira mbalame zotchedwa melanistic komanso zimadziwika kuti ndizopadera.
Chithunzi - Mpweya Wosasunthika Pamwamba © Bob MacInnes