Komaeo jamaicensis
Hawk yofiira kwambiri ndi mbalame yowonongeka ku North America, koma chifukwa ichi komaeo chili ndi mitundu yambiri yazitsulo ingakhalenso chimodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri kuzizindikira. Anthu a kumadzulo amasiyanasiyana kwambiri, koma mwatsoka mtundu uliwonse wa hawk wofiira uli ndi makhalidwe ofanana ndi omwe amatha kudziwa.
Dzina Loyamba : Red-Tailed Hawk, Red-Tail, Hen-Hawk
Dzina la sayansi: Buteo jamaicensis
Scientific Family : Accipitridae
Kuwonekera ndi Kudziwika
Hawk yofiira ndi yowamba ndipo imafala, koma imatha kusiyana kuchokera ku kuwala mpaka kumdima wakuda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chizindikiro choyenera chikhale chovuta. Mbalame zomwe zimadziwa zofunikira za a hawk omwe amatha kukhala nawo zimatha kukhala ndi chidaliro chodziŵa ndi kuzizindikira.
- Bill : Wamphamvu, wodwala kwambiri, wamtundu wachikasu pamunsi
- Kukula kwake : masentimita 20-22 kutalika ndi mapiko a masentimita 50, mapiko ambiri
- Mitundu : Mdima, bulauni, woyera, dzimbiri, chikasu
- Zizindikiro : Amuna amodzimodzi ndi ofiira otchinga pamtunda, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa chizungu kumalo awo kumasiyana kwambiri. Mapikowa ndi otsika pansi ndi malire a bulauni, mkati mwake ndi "mdima" wamdima, ndi chida chodabwitsa chakuda. Mutu ndi wofiira kwambiri, ndipo mchira ndi dzimbiri wofiira ndi gulu lofiira lamdima pafupi ndi nsonga. Chifuwa ndi mmero zimakhala zoyera ndipo mimba ili ndi mzere wofiira wa bulauni kapena kupenya. Miyendo imakhala yodzaza ndi zofooka zowopsya ndipo mapazi ndi achikasu. Ntchentche zazing'ono sizikhala ndi mchira wofiira kufikira atakwanitsa zaka ziwiri, ndipo mmalo mwake miyendo yawo imaletsedwa bwino.
Zakudya, Zakudya ndi Zochita
Hawks zofiira ndizozizira kwambiri , ndipo amasaka nyama zambiri. Zinyama zazikulu ndi zowirira, zokwawa, mbalame zing'onozing'ono ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tingakhale mbali ya zakudya zawo. Nsombazi nthawi zonse pamtengo kapena pamitengo yowonjezera pafupi ndi malo otseguka pamene akuyang'ana nyama zowonongeka, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amatha kugwidwa ndi zida zosayembekezereka.
Adzakhalanso akuyesa nyama kuti adziwombe ngati akukwera m'minda. Amatha kutenga nyama yaing'onoting'ono kubwerera kumalo kuti azidyetsa, pamene nyama yowonongeka imadyedwa pansi ndipo raptor imathamanga pamwamba pake pamalo ochepetsera kuti abise chakudya kuchokera kwa otsutsana. Pambuyo kudya, mbalamezi zimakhala zokhazikika komanso zolimba pamene zikumba , ndipo zimayambanso kutulutsa zinthu zomwe sangathe kuzidya.
Habita ndi Kusamukira
Hawks zofiira ndizofala ndipo zimafala ku United States, Canada, Caribbean ndi Mexico m'madera osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo udzu, tundra, m'chipululu, mathithi ndi nkhalango. Mbalamezi zimatha ngakhale kumadera akumidzi. Mbalame za mbalame za ku Canada ndi zigawo za kumpoto kwa United States zimatha kusamukira nyengo malinga ndi nyengo yolimba komanso chakudya. Muzinthu zambiri zao, ngakhale nsomba zofiira zofiira sizimasamuka.
Zolemba
Chizindikiro cha red-tailed hawk chotsika "kreeeeeeeer" screech chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafilimu, ziribe kanthu zomwe mbalame zodya nyama zikuyimira. Nkhonozi zimakhalanso ndi "screee" zowonongeka ndi anapiye m'chisa chomwe akugwiritsa ntchito popempha mobwerezabwereza kuti akope chidwi kuchokera kwa makolo awo.
Makhalidwe
Ntchentche zofiira zimakonda kuoneka pazitsulo, mipanda kapena mitengo pafupi ndi roadsides pamene akuyesa minda ya nyama.
Pothamanga, amatha mapiko awo kukhala okongola ndipo nthenga zawo zazikulu zimatha kufota pang'ono. Mbalamezi zimatha kukhala nkhanza pamene zimakhalira, ndipo zingayambitse ziphuphu zazikulu monga osprey kapena mphungu zomwe zimalowa m'dera lawo. Nthawi zina amatha kuyenda ndi anthu omwe amayandikira kwambiri ku zisa zawo.
Kubalana
Hawks zofiira ndi mbalame zosagwirizana kwambiri zomwe zidzabwerenso malo odyetserako amodzi chaka chilichonse. Chisachi ndi mulu wa timitengo tating'ono, timitengo ting'onoting'ono kapena zinthu zina zabwino, ndipo kawirikawiri timayikidwa pamtali wamtali kapena pamtunda wokhoma. Makolo awiriwa adzapangira ana a 2-3 mazira oyera, opangidwa kapena mawangamawanga masiku 30-35, ndipo mbalame zazing'ono zidzakhalabe chisa kwa masiku 42-45. Makolo awiriwa amasamalira ana aang'ono, ndipo awiriwa amatha kubweretsa ana amodzi pachaka.
Akukoka Red-Tailed Hawks
Mbalamezi si mbalame zam'nyumba zam'nyumba, koma mbalame zokhala ndi zikuluzikulu, zomwe sizinapangidwe zimatha kukopa mbalame zofiira kwambiri posiya mitengo yakufa ndi mipanda yomwe ilipo ngati mapepala. Kuonetsetsa kuti udzu umasiyidwa ndi ziweto zazing'ono komanso nyama zina zomwe zingathenso kuwathandiza kuti akope alendo oyenda kudera.
Kusungirako
Ngakhale hawks wofiira saganiziridwa kuti ali pangozi kapena pangozi, ali pangozi yoopsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi rodenticide molakwika ndizoopsa kwambiri kwa operewera awa , monga momwe mbalame zidzakhudzire nyama yowonongeka.
Mbalame zofanana
- Swainson wa Hawk ( Buteo swainsoni )
- Mbalame Yoopsa ( Buteo lagopus )
- Ferruginous Hawk ( Buteo regalis )
- Red-Mustered Hawk ( Buteo lineatus )
- Hawk Broadly Winged ( Buteo platypterus )