Tanthauzo:
(chiganizo) Chakudya chodyera chomwe chimaphatikizapo nsomba, ngakhale zakudya zopatsa thanzi zingaphatikizepo zakudya zofanana za m'madzi monga tizilombo zamadzi, jellyfish, mollusks ndi crustaceans.
Kutchulidwa:
pee-CIH-vore-ife
Mbalame zosautsa
Mbalame zosaoneka bwino zimakhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimawathandiza kuti azigwira nyama zam'madzi. Mbalame zambiri zomwe zimadya nsomba zimakhala ndi ngongole zapamwamba kuti zigwire nsomba mwa kuzikweza ndi nsonga zakuthwa kapena kuzigwedeza m'mphepete mwazitali, ndipo ngongole zawo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuti ziwone ngati mbalame siziwone nsomba mwachindunji.
Kuwonjezera apo, ngongole zawo zimakhala zofunikira zogwira nyama, koma mbalame zambiri zowopsya zimakhala ndi zotsatirazi:
- Nkhono, zamphamvu zamphamvu zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zolimba zowonongeka
- Zowonongeka kwambiri kapena zowonongeka mapazi kuti agwire nyama mosamala
- Zakale, miyendo yoonda kuti ilowe mumatope ndi madzi pofunafuna nyama
- Matenda akuluakulu, opindulitsa kwambiri othandizira kuti madzi asamadziwe
- Mphepete zowonongeka kuti zisawonongeke pakasaka
- Zowonjezera zambiri, mapiko ngati mapiko omwe angathandize pamene akufunafuna nyama yomwe ili pamadzi
- Gulu lachikwama kapena thumba la mmero pansi pa ngongole kuti muvike m'madzi pamene mukuwedza
Mmene mbalame iliyonse ingasinthire idzakhala yosiyana malingana ndi mitundu yeniyeni ya nsomba, nsomba ndi zamoyo zina zam'madzi zimene zimadya ndi momwe zimasaka.
Zitsanzo za nsomba zomwe zimadziwika bwino ndizo:
- Albatrosses
- Cormorants
- Zida
- Frigatebirds
- Kingfishers
- Maononi
- Ogulitsa
- Osprey
- Pelicans
- Penguin
- Ziphuphu
- Madzi otentha
- Masewera
- Terns
Mitundu yambiri ya mbalame, kuphatikizapo herons ndi egrets, ndizovuta kwambiri, ngakhale kuti sadziwa bwino zakudya zawo komanso zimadya zakudya zina zosiyanasiyana.
Mmene Mbalame Zimayendetsera Nsomba
Mbalame zambiri zosaoneka bwino zimakwera pamwamba pa madzi kuti zione nsomba zomwe zimapezeka, kenako zimathamanga kuchokera kumlengalenga kukagwira nyamazo.
Mbalame zam'mlengalenga zimatulutsa nyama zawo mosamala musanayambe kuzigwiritsira ntchito, ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito "nyambo" monga mkate kapena masamba kuti akope nsomba zofuna chidwi. Mbalame zina zimayendetsa ngongole zawo m'madzi ndikudikirira nyama zowonongeka, pomwe mbalame zamadzi zam'madzi, monga puffins ndi penguins, zimatha kusambira pambuyo poti nsomba zigwire nyama. Malingana ndi mitundu ya mbalame ndi kukula kwa nyamazo, nsomba zingamezedwe mokwanira kapena kung'amba zidutswa kuti zikhale zosavuta kudya.
Pamene mbalamezi zimakhala, zimanyamula nsomba kwa anyamata awo omwe ali ndi zibwenzi komanso njala. Ospreys adzagwirizanitsa nsomba m'magetsi awo kuti adziwe mutu wautali kotero kuti ziwombankhanga zimathamanga kwambiri, pamene ziphuphu zimayendetsa nsomba khumi ndi ziwiri kapena zingapo m'mabuku awo musanabwererenso ku chisa.
Zopseza Mbalame Zosautsa
Chifukwa chakuti zimadalira madzi kuti azidya, mbalame zovuta kwambiri zimachititsidwa kuti zisawonongeke madzi, kuphatikizapo kutayika kwa mafuta . Mzere wophika nsomba ndi zinyalala zingakhalenso ngozi zowopsa kwa mbalame izi. Panyanja, mbalame zimangowamba nsomba zamalonda kapena nsomba zamtundu uliwonse pamodzi ndi zamoyo zina zam'madzi monga akapolo a m'nyanja ndi a dolphin. Ambiri mwa mbalamezi amatha kulakwitsa mapepala apulasitiki monga mabotolo oyandama, mabuloni otetezedwa, mabotolo kapena mabotolo ena omwe amathyoka monga nsomba, ndipo pamapeto pake amatha kudya njala pamene timapepala tawo kakudya timadzaza ndi zinyalala.
Chifukwa mitundu yambiri ya mbalame zosaoneka bwino, monga cormorants, ndi mbalame zam'mlengalenga zakutchire, zingayambitse mavuto a anthu okhala m'madera akumidzi monga mbalame zambiri zimatha kuthetsa nsomba zomwe zimapezeka masewera. Poyang'anira mbalamezi, akuluakulu a nyama zakutchire amatha kusokoneza madera akuluakulu kuti athandize zosoŵa zakutchire ndi zosowa zosangalatsa, zomwe zingakhale zokangana pakati pa mbalame ndi ena osamalira zachilengedwe.
Komanso:
Nsomba-Kudya, Piscivore (dzina)
Chithunzi - Atlantic Puffin Nsomba © Smudge 9000