Mmene Mungakulire Violas M'nyumba Yomudzi

Bungwe la National Gardening Bureau linasankha violas monga maluwa awo a chaka cha 2007. Violas ndi pansies zimadalira odwala omwe amalima ambiri amawatenga mopepuka ndipo amaganiza kuti amadziwa zonse zomwe angawadziwe. Zoona, violas ndi osavuta kusamalira zomera. Koma m'munda wamaluwa, palibe chomwe chimaima. Mitundu yatsopano ya violas ikuwonekera ndi mitundu yowonjezereka ndi maluwa akuluakulu omwe amasintha kwambiri.

Ngakhale zili bwino, zimasonyeza kutentha ndi kuzizira kwabwino kusiyana ndi mitundu yovuta kwambiri imene timidziwa bwino.

Viola, Pansy, Johnny-Akukwera-Kumwamba?

Viola ndi dzina la mtundu womwe uli ndi mitundu yoposa 500. Ambiri a violas omwe amalimidwa m'minda amakula monga chaka chokhazikika kapena chosakhalitsa. Komabe, ambiri adzalandira mbewu ndikukupatsani zaka zosangalatsa.

• Ziphuphu Zosangalatsa - Ambiri a violas lero amachokera ku Viola odorata, Sweet Violet. Zakudya zabwino zotsekemera zimakhala zowonongeka. Mudzapunthwa pa iwo mwadzidzidzi m'minda ndi udzu ndikuwazindikira mwakamodzi pamutu wawo, zonunkhira bwino komanso mtundu wa violet.
• Munda Violas - Ma violas omwe amalimidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'munda ndiwo:
  • Viola tricolor / Johnny-Jump-Up - mbewu yokhayokha yosatha ndi maluwa okongola a nickel omwe amawoneka ofiira, achikasu ndi oyera.
  • Viola cornuta / Mphepete Mwachindunji kapena Mphepete mwa Mkuntho - Kufalikira perennials ndi rosette wa masamba omwe amathiridwa ndi maluwa okwana masentimita inchi mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi miyezi kapena mizere mumthunzi wozama kapena wosiyana. V. cornuta mwina ikhoza kukhala ndi fungo laling'ono. Zomera zimatha kutalika kwa masentimita 6-10.
  • Viola wittrockiana / Garden Pansy - Kukhala ndi moyo waufupi ndi maluwa akuluakulu kuposa msuweni wake pamwambapa. Chomerachi chimakula pafupifupi masentimita asanu ndi awiri ndipo chimakhala ndi masentimita 2-3 masentimita omwe akhoza kukhala amodzi kapena amodzi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakula ngati chaka.

Mmene Mungakulire Violas

Violas ndi makamaka nyengo yozizira-nyengo. Iwo ndi angwiro kuti ayambe ndi kutha mapeto a nyengo zomwe zimakhala zozizira komanso kukonzekera nyengo m'nyengo zotentha, kumene angakhalebe pachimake m'nyengo yozizira. Kotero pamene chodzala violas chidzadalira nyengo yanu.

Kuyambira Violas Kuchokera M'mbewu - Violas ndi kovuta kuyamba pa mbewu.

Ndipotu, iwo amasangalala kwambiri ndi mbewu yokhayokha m'munda wanu wonse. Koma ngati mukufuna kuyamba nokha m'nyumba, ndondomekoyi ikuwonekera bwino.

Yambani mbewu pafupi masabata 4 mpaka 6 musanayambe kuikanso. Violas akhoza kulimbana ndi nyengo yoziziritsa, choncho ozizira nyengo yozizira akhoza kutenga tsiku lokulitsa lomwe liri pafupi masabata 4 isanafike tsiku lanu lomaliza la chisanu . Amaluwa otentha omwe amawunikira kugwa ayenera kuyamba mbewu zawo m'nyengo ya chilimwe.

1. Gwiritsani ntchito kusakaniza kosakaniza.
2. Sungunulani kusakaniza ndikudzaza malo anu kapena miphika pafupifupi 1/4 inchi pansi pa m'mphepete mwa pamwamba.
3. Fukani mbeu 2-3 mu selo iliyonse kapena mphika ndikuphimba mopepuka ndi kusakaniza kophatikiza. Zindikirani: Violas imafuna mdima kuti umere, kotero yang'anani mbewuzo kwathunthu.
4. Khalani malo otentha (65-70 madigiri F / 18-21 madigiri C) ndipo musunge lonyowa. Pamwamba pa firiji ndi malo abwino. Mbewu ziyenera kuyamba kumera masiku 10-14.
5. Mbeu ikamera, imawatsogolera kuwindo la dzuwa kapena malo pansi pa magetsi.
6. Pamene masamba oyambirira akuwoneka, muyenera kuyipitsa mphika kapena selo kumalo okongola kwambiri pozembera kapena kudula ena pa nthaka.
7. Panthawiyi, kutentha kwa madigiri 55 mpaka 60 F / 13-15 madigiri C bwino. Mukhozanso kuyamba kudyetsa mbande yanu ndi feteleza yabwino, yosasuntha madzi.

Kusuntha Mbewu Yanu Yamanja Pogwiritsa Ntchito Kutentha - Pamene kutentha ndi nyengo zimaloledwa kubzala panja, mulole mbande ikhale yosinthika ndikusintha.

1. Sungani nyemba kumalo osungidwa kapena otetezedwa kunja.
2. Azisiye kunja kwa maola 4 tsiku loyamba ndikuwonjezera nthawi kunja kwa maola awiri tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikuwatsitsa pang'onopang'ono. Mbewu idzakuuzani ngati sakusangalala ndi maonekedwe awo.
3. Onetsetsani kuti dothi limakhala lonyowa. Mphepo zakunja zimatha kuuma miphika mofulumira.
4. Mbande zikhoza kuikidwa m'munda kapena zitsamba pambuyo pa masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri akuumitsa. Khalani otsimikiza kuti nyengo sikutaya. Violas akhoza kulimbana ndi chisanu, koma osati nyengo yamkuntho ya chisanu.

Kulumikiza molunjika Violas m'munda - Kutsegula nyengo, mukhoza kuyamba mbewu ya viola mwachindunji m'munda.

1. Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga bwino.
2. Samasulani nthaka kudera lodzala ndi moisten.
3. Fukani mbewu ya viola.
4. Phimbani ndi dothi pafupifupi 1/4 ndi madzi bwino.
5. Sungani nyemba yambewu.
6. Pamene mbande zikukula, muyenera kuchepetsa zomera mpaka pafupifupi 6-8 cm. Kusuntha mbewu zambiri.

Kugula Zomera za Viola Zogonera - Violas kawirikawiri ndi mbande zoyamba zogulitsa m'madera otentha kumadera otentha komanso kumapeto kwa chilimwe kumadera otentha.

1. Fufuzani zomera zathanzi ndi masamba ambiri. Musayesedwe kwambiri ndi zomera zomwe zili kale maluwa. Sadzatha kuzizira mosavuta, ndipo mudzakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ngati maluwawo atagulidwa.
2. Chotsani zomera za viola kuchokera pamaselo awo phukusi ponyamula pansi pa chidebecho. Musagwire violas ndi zimayambira zawo zovuta.
3. Pang'ono pang'ono kumasula nthaka kuzungulira mizu ndi chomera pansi pamtunda womwewo momwe iwo analiri mu chipinda chawo.

Macheza : Kuvulaza violas kuyenera kugawidwa pafupi masentimita 6 mpaka 8 pambali. Kuwongolera kapena kufalitsa mitundu kungabzalidwe masentimita 10-12.

Masiku Ophuka : Violas imayamba kufalikira patatha masabata 12-14 mutabzala mbewu. V. Mitundu ya tricolor imatuluka patangotha ​​masabata awiri asanakhale V. cornuta. 'Penny' ndi 'Sorbet' zidzasintha masabata 9-10 kuchokera kufesa.

Kusamalira Violas M'munda

Nthaka: Violas imakula kwambiri mu nthaka yolemera, yonyowa bwino, yokhala ndi madzi ambiri. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza yotulutsira pang'onopang'ono mu nthaka ngati mutabzala mu chidebe.

Madzi: Madzi nthawi zonse, koma muwume pakati pa madzi.

Dzuwa: Violas ngati dzuwa lonse, koma osati kutentha kumene kumabweretsa. Izi sizili vuto m'mazizira ozizira, koma mukadzala, onetsetsani kuti mumakhala mthunzi nthawi yamadzulo kwambiri. Mulch ndi madzi zidzakuthandizani kuthetsa vuto la kutentha kwakukulu.

Kusungirako:

• Kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira ndi kukulitsa nthawi yamaluwa, kuchotsa kapena mutu wakufa maluwa athazikika potsitsa maluwawo pansi pa maluwawo.
• Mungathe kutsitsimutsa zomera zowonjezera kapena zowonjezereka mwa kuzidula mpaka pafupifupi masentimita 3-4.

Tizilombo ndi Matenda: Violas ndi osavuta kukula, ndi matenda ochepa kapena matenda ochepa tizilombo.

• Powdery Mildew ndi Botrytis ( Mothi Wofiira) - Musalole kuti zomera zanu zikhale m'malo ozizira, ozizira. Onetsetsani kuti violas yanu imakhala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa ndipo imayenda bwino .
• Nsabwe za m'masamba - Sambani ndi madzi amphamvu, kapena, chifukwa cha mavuto aakulu, chitani ndi sopo la tizilombo .

Mitundu Yopangidwa kuchokera ku National Garden Bureau

• 'Helen Mount' ndi wotchuka Johnny-kuluma-up (Viola tricolor). Mitundu yotsekemera imeneyi imakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, 3/4 inch wofiirira, lavender, ndi wachikasu. Amapezeka mosavuta mu mapaketi a mbewu kuchokera ku masitolo ogulitsira malonda ndi makalata a makalata, komanso malo ogona m'minda ndi malo olima. 'Helen Mount' akuthandizira mosavuta, akupanga zomera zofanana ndi zomera za kholo.
• Mitundu yakale, yachikulire ya Viola cornuta ikuphatikizapo:
  • 'Ruby Arkwright' ndi maluwa ofiira a vinyo wofiira ndi zipinda za golide ndi edging.
  • 'Chantreyland' ndi yotchuka pamaluwa ake akuluakulu a apricot.
  • 'Kuyeretsa Kwakuda,' 'Kuyeretsa Kwakuyera' ndi 'Kuyeretsa Kwakuda' kumatchulidwa kuti ziwonekere bwino. Mitundu yonseyi ndi yotseguka.
• Mitundu yatsopano yotsekemera ya V. cornuta:
  • Mndandanda wa 'Princess' ndi 'Velor' . Izi zikuyamba kufalikira ndi limphuphu 1-inch. 'Mfumukazi' imatsegulidwa mu mithunzi ya buluu, yofiirira ndi yachikasu ndi bicolors; ndipo 'Velor' imapezeka m'mitundu 20 ndi makoswe atatu.
• Mitundu yambiri yosakanizidwa yowonjezera imapezeka makamaka ngati zomera zogona. Mitundu yosakanikirana imapereka ntchito yamaluwa yokongola, kupanga maluwa abwino, ndi kukula kwa yunifolomu.
  • 'Sorbet ™' violas imabwera mu mitundu yoposa makumi atatu kuphatikizapo mitundu yokongola ya pastel ndi mitundu iwiri ya maonekedwe pa zomera zowonjezera zomwe zimatalika masentimita 6-8.
  • 'Penny ™' violas ilipo mithunzi ya buluu, yakuda buluu, wofiirira, violet, woyera, wachikasu, lalanje ndi wofiira. Ena ali ndi ndevu ndi zofiira (nkhope) zina ndi bicolor. Ali ndi chizolowezi cholima maluwa ndi maluwa mosalekeza.
• Mu 2006, 'Skippy ™ XL Red-Gold,' ndi hybrid Viola cornuta, inali yoyamba viola kupambana mphoto ya All-America Selections chifukwa cha ntchito yabwino ya munda. Maluwa akuluakulu, 1 1/2-inch ali ofiira a ruby ​​ndi mthunzi wofiira wofiira pansi pa nkhope ya golide chikasu ndi zizindikiro kapena chizindikiro. The 'Skippy ™' mndandanda uli ndi mitundu yambiri, kuphatikizapo bicolors.
• Chimodzi mwa zikuluzikulu kwambiri zomwe zimapangidwa ndi violas ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa wa 'Patiola®' , kuphatikiza kukula kwa maluwa a pansy ndi hardiness wa violas. Maluwa amakula mpaka masentimita awiri m'lifupi mwake ndipo amawomba pachikasu, buluu, lalanje ndi violet. Mtundu watsopano kwambiri pa mndandanda ndi wofiira njerwa ndi golide wachikasu.
• Kuchita violas kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, kufalitsa chizoloŵezi chomwe chiri chokwanira popachika madengu, zitsulo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ngati groundcover. Pali mitundu yambiri yowakanizidwa yomwe ilipo.
  • 'Erlyn' amapanga maluwa ofiirira ndi achikasu omwe amaphimba zomera.
  • Mndandanda wa 'Splendid' uli ndi maluwa 1 inchi woyera, wachikasu, ndi wabuluu ndi wachikasu. Zomera zimakula mpaka mamita awiri.

Zomwe Mungapange

Zida: Kukula kwa Viola, chizoloŵezi chogwiritsira ntchito, ndi nthawi yayitali yamaluwa ndi abwino kwambiri. Mitundu yoyendayenda imakhala yabwino kwambiri popachika madengu ndi kugwa pamphepete mwa zitsulo ndi mabokosi.

Kusunthira: Misozi imakhala yokongola kwambiri pamsewu kapena kutanthauzira munda wamtunda.

Maonekedwe a Zachilengedwe: Violas ali ngati pakhomo pamapangidwe a matabwa pamene akudzaza zida zazing'oma.

Zosakanizikana: Gwirizanitsani ndi okonda okonda nyengo ozizira monga mapulaneti, calendula, ndi Dianthus. Kapena zimakhala pakati pa mababu a maluwa monga tlips ndi daffodils kudzaza danga pamene mababu akutha.

Dulani Maluwa: Violas amawonekeranso bwino m'nyumba, maluwa ndi makonzedwe. Mudzazindikira zonunkhira kwambiri pamene ali m'nyumba.

Maluwa Odyera

Musaiwale kuti viola maluwa ndi edible ndi kupanga mosayembekezeka garnishes ndi saladi zosakaniza. Kapena muwagwiritse ntchito kuti azikongoletsa mikate ndi jamu. Zikhozanso kutchulidwa, chifukwa chachisanu.