Bubo virginianus
Chiwombankhanga chachikulu cha North America ndi kadzidzi omwe ali ndi malo aakulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, nkhuku yaikuluyi imadziwikanso ndi mbalame komanso mbalame. Nkhuku yaikulu ndi yowopsya, kadzidziwa ndi imodzi mwa ziwopsezo zoopsa kwambiri.
Dzina Loyamba : Nkhono Yamphongo Yaikulu, Nkhono Yamakono, Mbalame Yothamanga
Dzina la sayansi: Bubo virginianus
Scientific Family: Strigidae
Kuwonekera ndi Kudziwika
Nkhuku zazikuluzikulu ndi mbalame yayikulu, koma yofanana ndi nkhono zonse, imakhala ikukuta .
Kuzindikira zigawo zake zazikulu ndi zizindikiro za m'munda zingathandize mbalame kudziwa bwino nkhukuyi, ngakhale kuti ziphuphu zazikulu zamitundu zosiyanasiyana zingakhale mitundu yosiyana.
- Bill : wakuda, wawukulu, wokhoma
- Kukula : mamita makumi awiri m'litali ndi mapiko a masentimita 50, "makutu"
- Colours : Brownish-imvi, lalanje-dzimbiri, wachikasu, wakuda, woyera
- Zizindikiro : Amuna ndi ofanana, ngakhale akazi ali aakulu. Zipindazi zimakhala zofiira kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zofiira pamapiko, ndipo kuwala kochepa kumakhala kosavuta. Mitsempha yowakometsera nkhope ya grey ndi lalanje ndipo ikufotokozedwa ndi malire ofiira. Yoyera kuzungulira ngongole imayenderera pachiguduli ndi mmero. Maso ali owala achikasu ndi ophunzira akuda. Mtundu wambiri umasiyana mosiyanasiyana - zimbombo zazikulu zam'mlengalenga m'madera a Arctic tundra, mwachitsanzo, zimakhala zowala kwambiri kuposa mbalame zakuda zomwe zimapezeka m'nkhalango zakuda. Zizindikiro za nkhuku zazikuluzikulu zimakhala zofanana kulikonse kumene mbalame zikuwonekera.
Zakudya, Zakudya ndi Zochita
Nkhumbazi ndizing'anga zambiri ndipo zimadya nyama zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo nyama zazing'ono, zazikuluzikulu, zinyama, ndi amphibiya, malingana ndi zomwe zilipo. Monga alenje achiwawa, amatha ngakhale kumenyana ndi ena, monga ospreys ndi falcons, makamaka mu chisa.
Mofanana ndi mbalame zonse zakudya, nkhuku zazikulu zamphongo zimakhala zonyansa kwambiri .
Habita ndi Kusamukira
Nkhuku zazikuluzikulu zimapezeka m'madera onse kumene pamakhala masewera oyenera, kuchokera kumapiri otseguka kupita ku nkhalango zakuda kupita kumalo otsetsereka kupita kumalo otalikirana. Mbalamezi zimapezeka mdziko lonse la North America kupatula ku madera okwera kwambiri a Arctic, ndipo zimapezeka ku South America, ngakhale kuti sizimawonekeratu m'mapiri a nkhalango zakuda kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina amapita kukasaka, nkhuku zazikulu sizimasamukira .
Zolemba
Nkhuku yaikuluyi imakhala ndi foni yamakono yowonjezereka. Nyimbo ya hooting imakhala ma syllable 3-8 omwe amakula mu tempo pakati pa kuyitana. Mbalame zamphongo zing'onozing'ono ndi zazikazi zimaimba pamodzi, ndipo akazi amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Nkhuku zazikulu zamphongo zimagwiritsa ntchito raspy barks ndi whins kuti azindikire.
Makhalidwe
Nkhuku yaikuluyi ndi yopanda mantha komanso yowopsya, ndipo nthawi zambiri imayambitsa nyama zowonongeka komanso zazikulu kuposa izo, kuphatikizapo amphaka, skunks ndi nkhuku. Ngati malo obisala akuwopsezedwa, mbalamezi zimatha kumenyana ndi agalu akuluakulu ndi nyama zina, kuphatikizapo anthu. Iwo ali makamaka mbalame zam'mawa ndi kusaka kuchokera ku ziwalo, kumene amayang'ana mwakachetechete ndi kumvetsera zodya nyama asanayambe kuthawa.
Kubalana
Nkhuku zazikuluzikulu ndi mbalame zosagwirizana kwambiri zomwe zimayambitsa nyengo yawo yozizira m'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zambiri amaika mazira mu Januwale kapena February. Amagwiritsira ntchito chisa chomwe poyamba chinamangidwa ndi raptor yosiyana, ndipo amasankha zisa. Mayi wachikazi amayamba kugwira mazira oyera, osakaniza masiku 30-35, ndipo makolo onsewo adzasamalira zikwama za masiku 35-45. Ana amodzi okha, omwe amakhala ndi mazira 1-5, amakulira pachaka.
Kukopa Minyanga Yamphongo
Mbalame zomwe zimafuna kukopa nkhuku zazikulu zimapereka mitengo yayikulu komanso yoteteza zowomba kuti zisawonongeke, komanso kupewa njira zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga ndudu kapena akalulu. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, nkhuku zazikuluzikulu zimawoneka ngati zowopsya komanso alendo osayamika kaya ziweto kapena mbalame za kumbuyo.
Ambiri a amphaka ndi mbalame amachitapo kanthu kuti ateteze ziweto zawo ku zikopa m'malo molimbikitsira zikopa kukhala pafupi.
Kusungirako
Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwawo komanso kusintha kwa malo osiyana ndi zakudya, ziphuphu zazikuluzikulu sizikuwopsedwa kapena kuika pangozi. Iwo ali pachiopsezo, komabe, kuchokera ku nyama zomwe zonyansa zomwe zisagwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera , ndi mipanda ndi zoopsa zina zimayambanso ziwombankhanga zazikulu .
Mbalame zofanana
- Owl Long-Eared ( Asio otus )
- Grey Owl ( Strix nebulosa )
- Mphungu ya Eurasian-Owl ( Bubo bubo )
- Mbalame Yamagellanic ( Bubo megellanicus )
- Mphungu ya Farao ( Bubo ascalaphus )
- Rock Eagle Owl ( Bubo bengalensis )