Puloatus pileatus
Mtengo wa mitengo yolimba kwambiri ndi wolimba kwambiri kumpoto kwa America, ndipo ndi umodzi mwa mitundu yaikulu kwambiri ya mitengo yomwe ili padziko lapansi.
Dzina Loyamba : Wopukuta Wokongola
Scientific Name: Dryocopus pileatus
Scientific Family : Picidae
Maonekedwe:
- Bill : Wamtundu, wowongoka ndi wamdima, wakuda wakuda
- Kukula kwake : Kutalika masentimita 18 ndi mapiko a masentimita 28, khosi lalitali, chiboliboli chooneka ngati chaching'ono
- Mabala : Oda, oyera, ofiira, amdima
- Zizindikiro : Dimorphic mitundu. Amuna ali oda kwambiri ngakhale kuti ziwalozo zingawoneke zakuda. Masaya ndi mmero zimadziwika ndi mikwingwirima yakuda ndi yoyera ndipo mzere woyera umapitirira kumbali ya mbalame. Mbalame yofiira kwambiri imachokera pamphumi kupita kumutu , ndipo masharubu ndi ofiira kwambiri koma angawoneke akuda. Azimayi ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana koma masharubu amtundu ndi mphuno, ndipo kuwala kwawo kofiira ndi kochepa komanso kochepa kwambiri. Amuna awiriwa amasonyeza zoyera zazikulu pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala akuthaŵa ndipo amakhala ndi miyendo yakuda ndi miyendo. Mbalame zazing'ono zikuwoneka ngati zazikazi.
Zakudya: Tizilombo, mphutsi, mtedza , zipatso, zipatso, suet ( Onani: Omnivorous )
Habita ndi Kusamukira:
Anthu okhala m'mapiri amatha kukhala m'nkhalango zakale ndi mitengo ikuluikulu kudera lonse la Canada ndi Pacific Northwest kumbali yakumwera kumpoto kwa California. Amakonda nkhalango zowonongeka kapena zosakaniza.
Chigawo chawo chimayambira kum'maŵa kwa United States kuchokera ku Minnesota, Iowa ndi madera akumidzi a Kansas, Oklahoma ndi Texas mpaka ku gombe la Atlantic. Chifukwa chakuti mitengo ikuluikuluyi ya matabwa imadalira mitengo ikuluikulu, yokhwima kwa malo abwino, iwo sali m'mapiri ndi madera. Zitha kupezeka m'makonzedwe apamtunda ndi paki pomwe pali mitengo yabwino.
Mitengo yamatabwa siimasamuke.
Zolemba:
Pamene mbalamezi siziimba, "kuk-kuk-kuk-kuk-kuk" amaitanira mofulumira ndipo zimangowonjezereka kumapeto kwa kuyitana. Kuwomba kwa mitengo yamtengo wapatali kumakhala kochedwa komanso ngakhale, komabe kumathamanga kwambiri pafupi mapeto a chiwerengero chilichonse. Pali mipata yayitali pakati pa kuphulika kwa madyerero.
Makhalidwe:
Mbalameyi ndi mbalame yokhayokha koma ingapezeke pawiri, makamaka pa nyengo yobereketsa. Mbalamezi zimateteza gawo lomwelo m'chaka chonse, koma zimakhala zolekerera kwa ena omwe amapanga matabwa m'nyengo yozizira. Pamene akudyetsa chakudya, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ngongole zawo zamphamvu kuti azikhala ndi mabowo akuya, omwe amathyolapo makungwa, ndipo amachotsa makungwa akufunafuna tizilombo, ndipo amadyetsa mitengo yayikulu komanso nkhuni zakugwa. Anthu ophimba mitengo amatha kudyetsa pansi nthawi zina. Njira yawo yopulumukira ndi mzere wosasuntha ndi mapulaneti ochepa pamene mapiko amakoka m'thupi. Chofiira chawo chofiira ndi choyendetsa ndipo chikhoza kukwezedwa kapena kutsika kuti chisonyeze malingaliro kapena zozizwitsa zosiyana .
Kubalanso:
Izi ndi mbalame zosagwirizana . Monga zitsulo zam'madzi , amafukula pamtanda wokhala ndi miyala 10 mpaka masentimita mu mtengo wakufa. Nyerereyi imakhala yotsegulira pansi mamita 15-85 pamwamba pake, ndipo mbalame zimachoka m'matumba angapo mkati mwake.
Mazira oboola kapena oboolapo amawoneka oyera kwambiri ndi mapeto osasangalatsa. Mayi wamwamuna amatha kuchita zambiri masiku 16-18. Makolo onse awiri amasamalira achinyamata osapitirira masiku 26-28 atatha, ndipo awiriwa amawunikira mazira 2-8 pachaka. Achinyamata aang'ono omwe amakhala pamapiri amakhala pafupi ndi makolo awo mu gulu losagwirizana la banja kwa miyezi ingapo, koma amafunafuna azimayi awo ndi madera awo kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yotsatira yobwera.
Anthu okongola omwe amawotcha:
Omwe amapanga matabwa amakhala amanyazi koma amabwera kumbuyo ndi mitengo ikuluikulu yokwanira komanso kumene amapatsidwa suet kapena mtedza. A mbalame zam'mlengalenga ayenera kusiya mitengo yakale kapena kugwa pansi kuti akakope mbalame. Kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumathandizanso kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kusungidwa:
Ngakhale kuti mitengoyi siopsezedwa kapena kuika pangozi, kukhala kwawo kwaokha kumapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi malo okhalamo, makamaka ngati nkhalango zowonongeka zimachotsedwa kapena mitengo yakufa imachotsedwa m'madera. Kuteteza malo abwino n'kofunika kuti muteteze mitengo yamatabwa. Komanso, chifukwa mbalame zina zambiri monga abakha, nyamakazi ndi zikopa zimagwiritsanso ntchito zisa zamatabwa, kuteteza mbalamezi kungathandizire mitundu ina yambiri pa nthawi yomweyo. Mofananamo, anthu ena omwe amapanga nkhuni amatha kuyendera malo ogulitsa nkhuni podyetsa.
Mbalame zofanana:
- Ivory-Anadzaza Mtengo Wokongola ( Campephilus principalis )
- Black Woodpecker ( Dryocopus martius )
- Wojambula Mapiri ( Campephilus imperialis )