Pica hudsonia
Poyamba anali ndi magpie ambiri a ku Ulaya ndi Asia, mdima wakuda wakuda ndi wokongola komanso wokongola kwambiri. Wodziwika bwino komanso wakula kumadzulo kwa North America, mbalameyi imadziwika mosavuta ndi kukula kwake ndi mitundu yowala, komanso mchira wake wosiyana.
Dzina Loyamba: Black-Billed Magpie
Dzina la sayansi : Pica hudsonia
Scientific Family : Corvidae
Kuwonekera ndi Kudziwika
Mbalame yakuda imakhala ndi ndalama zakuda, koma pali zambiri kwa mbalamezi.
Kuzindikiritsa zolemba zake ndizofunikira kuti musasokonezeke ndi mbalame zazikulu, zakuda monga nkhuku, khwangwala, ndi mabala.
- Bill : wandiweyani, wakuda, wolimba, ndikuwonetsera nthenga zazing'ono
- Kukula kwake : 18-22 mainchesi yaitali ndi mapiko a 24-26-inch mapaipi, slender build, mchira wautali kwambiri ndi mapiko, ozungulira
- Mabala : wakuda, woyera, wobiriwira, wabuluu, wakuda, wakuda, wofiirira
- Zizindikiro : Amuna ndi ofanana ngakhale kuti amuna amatha kukhala ndi nthenga yaikulu pakati pa mchira. Mutu uli ndi chivundi chakuda chakuda ndi chakuda chakuda ndi chifuwa . Mapewa ndi oyera kwambiri, monga mimba. Kumbuyo kuli buluu wakuda ndipo mapiko ndi mchira ndi zakuda koma amawonetsa buluu, wobiriwira, kapena buluu wobiriwira m'nyanja. Anthu ogulitsa nsomba ndi akuda. Maso ndi ofiira, ndipo miyendo ndi mapazi ndi zakuda. Anthu ena akummwera amasonyeza khungu lakuda lakuda pamaso, koma zimakhala zovuta kuwona kupatula patali pafupi. Pothamanga, mapikowa amasonyeza chigamba choyera choyera pa nthenga zazikulu ndi nthenga zina zachiwiri, ngakhale nthenga zake zakhala zakuda ndi zakuda.
Maofesi ali ofanana ndi akuluakulu koma amasonyeza kuchepa kochepa kwambiri ndipo angasonyeze kusamba kofiirira pa mimba yoyera ndi mchere. Khungu lofiira lofiira lingasonyezenso pamaso, makamaka pamunsi mwa ndalamazo.
Zakudya, Zakudya, ndi Zochita
Izi ndi mbalame za omnivorous ndipo zimakhala ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimadya, kuphatikizapo tizilombo, tizilombo, mtedza, zipatso, tirigu, mazira ndi ziweto zochepa. Adzawombera nyama, amathyola zipatso za mitengo, amakolola tizilombo kuchokera ku masamba, kukumba mtedza m'matope, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zina kuti adye chakudya chotsatira.
Pamene akudyera chakudya , amakhala ndi maulendo osiyana siyana omwe amawombera pansi, ndipo amabisala chakudya chamtsogolo. Mbalamezi zimabanso mbalame zina zam'mlengalenga komanso ngakhale m'misasa ya anthu, ndipo zimakhala kumbuyo kwa ng'ombe ndi ziweto zina kuti zipeze nkhuku kapena tizilombo.
Habita ndi Kusamukira
Mitunduyi imakonda malo osunthira ndi malo omwe alimi ndi mitengo yowonongeka komanso mitengo, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'madera ouma. Muyeso yoyenera, magii amtundu wakuda amapezeka mumadera akumidzi ngati chakudya chikupezeka.
Mbalamezi ndizozungulira dziko lonse lapansi, kumadera akutali kumadzulo chakumadzulo kwa Alaska, kudutsa m'mapiri a kumadzulo ku Canada ndi United States kum'mawa monga Manitoba ndi theka lakumadzulo la Nebraska ndi Kansas. Maulendo awo amatha kupita kummwera kumpoto kwa New Mexico ndi ku Utah ndi Nevada konse, ndi kumadzulo kummawa kwa Washington ndi Oregon, kuphatikizapo kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa California. Mbalame zina zimasunthira pang'ono m'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zambiri zimakwera m'mwamba, komanso kuyenda pang'ono kumadera akutali kumadzinso.
Nthawi zambiri anthu amaona malo olowera kum'maŵa, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira ndi yozizira, ndipo nthaŵi zina amatsenga amawadzidzidzi amadziwika ku Pacific Coast ku California.
Zolemba
Izi ndi mbalame zamkokomo, zowomba zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mofulumira, mofulumira "call-keg-keg-keg" kuyitana mobwerezabwereza kwa mayina khumi ndi awiri kapena zambiri. Zina mwazinthu zikuphatikizapo zosiyana pa mayitanidwe omwe ali nawo komanso zolemba zambiri, kuimba mluzu, ndi kupempha mafoni.
Makhalidwe
Mbalamezi ndizokhalitsa ndipo zimawoneka m'gulu la mbalame za 5-15, ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira mabanja ambiri angagwirizane kuti apange gulu la mbalame zokwana 50-60. Mbalamezi nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pamtunda wautali kuti zikafufuze gawo lawo, ndipo magulu amatsenga amawombera kapena anthu ena omwe amakhala nawo pafupi.
Kubalana
Izi ndi mbalame zosiyana kwambiri zomwe zimakhala zogonana, ngakhale kuti pali kuthetsa pakati pa magpies ngati mzake wabwino angapezeke kapena awiri sangathe kupanga mazira abwino. Makhalidwe achiyanjano amakhalanso ndi mchira wophimba komanso kudyetsa pamodzi, ndipo awiriwa amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti amange chisa chokhala ndi chiboliboli chachitali mamita awiri mpaka awiri.
Mbali yakunja ya chisa imamangidwa ndi timitengo, matope, ndi minga, ndipo mkati mwake muli ndi zipangizo zabwino, kuphatikizapo udzu wamtundu ndi ubweya wa nyama. Chisachi chimakhala chokhazikika pamwamba pa nthaka, ndipo chisa chomwecho chikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito zaka zambiri.
Pali mazira 7-13 omwe amaikidwa pa ana , ndipo ana amodzi okhawo amakulira chaka chilichonse. Mazira owoneka ngati ovunda amatha kuchoka ku tani kupita ku zobiriwira ndipo amadziwika ndi bulauni. Mkaziyo amamwa mazira kwa masiku 16-21, ndipo makolo onse awiri amadyetsa anapiyewo masiku 25-35 atatha. Mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala ndi makolo awo mu gulu la banja kudutsa ndi kugwa.
Kukongola Kwakuda Kwambiri-Kumabweretsa Magpies
Mbalamezi zimayendera mabwalo omwe suet , makina ophikira kukhitchini , ndi zoumba zimaperekedwa mu sitayi kapena malo odyetsera zakudya zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuti mbalamezi zipeze. Kudula udzu kungathandize kulimbikitsa chakudya chosavuta, ndipo kuchoka pazitsulo kapena pakhoma kuti zikhale zokopa kwa amatsenga awa.
Kusungirako
Ngakhale kuti mbalamezi sizikuopsezedwa, akhala akuzunzidwa m'mbuyomo ndi alimi omwe amawawona kuti ndi tizirombo komanso vuto la mbewu. Mafupa opangidwa ndi makoswe omwe angapangidwe ndi makoswe, komanso kumwa mowa kwambiri mankhwala ophera tizilombo angathenso kuipitsa chakudya chawo.
Mbalame zofanana
- Mbalame Yotchedwa Yellow-Billed Magpie ( Pica nuttalli )
- Common Magpie ( Pica pica )
- Mbalame Yamphongo ( Corvus albus )
- Mdima-Wopweteka Magpie-Jay ( Calocitta colliei )
- Mbalame Yaikulu ( Quiscalus mexicanus )
- Crow American ( Corvus brachyrhynchos )