Gerberera (Gerbera), wotchedwanso Transvaal Daisy ndi Barberton Daisy, akhoza kukhala achikuda kwambiri, mudzadzifunsa ngati ali enieni. Gerbera ndi mtundu waukulu mumtundu womwewo monga sunflowers (Asteraceae). Iwo ndi mbadwa ku South Africa, koma kubereketsa kwakukulu kwakhala kulikukula maluwa aakulu ngati daisy omwe tikuwona lero. Poyamba iwo ankalengedwa kuti akhale maluwa odulidwa ndipo akadali maluwa asanu omwe amadulidwa kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Amatha kukhala wamkulu kuchokera ku mbewu ndipo ali otchuka ngati zipinda zapanyumba ndi kunja kunja mu mabedi ndi mabedi, komabe sizowonongeka kwambiri.
About Gerber Daisies
Pali magulu 4 onse a Gerbera:
- Maluwa osakwatira: Izi ndizo gulu lalikulu. Singles adzakhala ndi zigawo chimodzi kapena ziwiri zazing'ono.
- Maluwa awiri-awiri: Awa ndi mzere wamfupi pambali pa disk. Dulani gerber kawirikawiri amachepera awiri.
- Maluwa awiri: Ndizigawo ziwiri (5 - 7) ziwirizi zimawoneka ngati zinnias kapena dahlias, kuposa daisies.
- Maluwa a kangaude: Awa ali ochepa thupi, osowa kwambiri.
Mitengoyi imapanga basal rosettes yomwe imafalikira pang'onopang'ono. Masambawo amawombedwa kapena amawombera komanso amawombera. Mitu yayikulu ya maluwa imathamanga pambali pa disk pakati pa zobiriwira kapena zakuda. Diski imapangidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono kwenikweni. Mitundu ya petali imakhala yosiyana kuchokera kumatenda obiriwira ndi kirimu kuti awononge malalanje, achikasu, mavenda ndi mitundu yambiri.
Mazira a Gerber akuphuka kuyambira chilimwe kudutsa chisanu (m'madera ozizira). Amatha kuphulika chaka chonse m'madera otenthedwa, koma amakhala pachimake kwambiri kuti asagwe.
Mbewu yokhwima ndi yaitali masentimita 24 mpaka 45, ndi kufalikira kwa mamita 30 mpaka 60 peresenti)
Gerber Daisy Malangizo Okula
Gerber daisies amakula bwino ku USDA Zaka 8 - 11 .
Adzafunika kuteteza nyengo yozizira kumadera 8. Ambiri amaluwa amakula ngati zomera kapena masamba.
Mitengo iyi imafuna dzuwa kuti likhale mthunzi. Gerber daisies sakonda kutentha kwakukulu. Apatseni dzuwa lam'mawa m'madera otentha, ndi dzuwa lonse m'malo ozizira. Yesani kuwabzala pafupi ndi maziko kapena khoma lamwala lomwe lingasonyeze kutentha tsiku lonse.
Mitengo iyi imafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse, pafupifupi 1 mkati. Adzafunika zambiri pamene mukuyamba kuwapeza komanso nthawi yotentha, youma. Gerbera amatha kukhala ndi nthaka yochepa kwambiri ya pH ya 5.5 - 6.5. Mazinga apamwamba a pH angayambitse chlorosis yomwe imawonekera ngati mikwingwirima yachikasu pamasamba. Ngati pH ndi yotsika kwambiri, mawanga akuda kapena mapepala amawoneka pamasamba. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumadalira mtundu wa nthaka yanu. Yambani ndi nthaka yochuluka, yokhala ndi zinthu zakutchire. Popeza kuti izi zidzatuluka m'chilimwe, mwezi uliwonse kudya ndi feteleza wothira madzi kumalangizidwa. Ma daisies a Gerber samagulitsidwa ngati mbande zing'onozing'ono m'matangadza a selo ndi zomera zomwe zimakhala zokwera mtengo. Mitundu ina imatha kukula mosavuta kuchokera ku mbewu, koma ichenjezedwe, ngakhale mbewuyo ndi yofunika kwambiri.
Gerber daisies akuchedwa kukula, ndicho chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimakhala zodula.
Yambani mbewu mu nyumba, pafupi masabata 12 mpaka 18 musanafike tsiku lanu lotsiriza la chisanu. Bzalani mbewu mu peat kapena mapepala a mapepala, chifukwa sakufuna kuti mizu yawo iwonongeke ndi kuika.
Mbewu imasowa kuwala kuti imere, kotero ikani nyemba pamwamba pa nthaka kusakaniza. Musaphimbe ndi nthaka yambiri. Kuphimba chidebe ndi pulasitiki kudzathandiza kuti nthaka ndi nyemba zisawonongeke. Ikani pamalo otentha, 70 - 75 F (21 -24 C) ndipo muyembekezere kuyembekezera masabata awiri mpaka 4 kuti mubere.
Zindikirani: Mitundu iwiri yomwe siilikukula nthawi zonse kuti imve mtundu . Mudzapeza zambiri zabwino zomwe zingakhale zosasintha.
Kuwombera panja ponse ponse pangozi ya chisanu yadutsa. Sankhani malo osungira bwino omwe akuwoneka bwino. Bzalani kuti korona ikhale masentimita 1,25 pamwamba pa nthaka. Ngati mukukonzekera kubweretsa zomera m'nyumbamo m'nyengo yozizira, mungathe kungomitsa mphika ndikuwukweza mu kugwa.
Zidzasokoneza kwambiri mizu.
Kusamalira Gerber Daisies
Kusunga zomera mu maluwa, mitu yakufa idathera maluwa. Onetsetsani kuti dzuwa likhoza kufika pakati pa zomera. Ngati zomera zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, mukhoza kuchotsa masamba ena omwe ali pakati kuti alowetse.
Mukhoza kubweretsa Gerber daisies anu m'nyumba ndipo adzapitirizabe kukula ndikukula. Amakonda nyengo yoziziritsa yozizira ya pafupifupi 45 - 50 F (7 - 10 C) ndi dzuwa lonse lowala. Musadwale madzi m'nyengo yozizira. Madzi pokhapokha nthaka ikauma ndi inchi kapena 2 pansipa.
Zomera zimatha kuchepetsedwa ngati miphika imakhala yozizira ndipo siyiloledwa kufungira. Madzi mopepuka mwezi uliwonse ndi kulola kuti muume.
Tizilombo ndi Mavuto
Nsabwe za m'masamba , whiteflies , nthata zamkaka ndi thrips zidzakondwerera masamba a Gerbera. Amakopeka ndi zomera, koma amakopeka ndi kukula kwa zomera. Onetsetsani nthawi zonse ndikuchitapo kanthu pa chizindikiro choyamba cha vuto. Anthu ang'onoang'ono angathe kuwonongedwa ndi madzi amphamvu. Anthu akuluakulu angathe kulamulidwa ndi sopo kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Oyendetsa nkhumba amatha kuchepetsa masambawo. Chotsani chilichonse chimene chikuwonetseratu zovuta.
Powdery mildew ingakhale vuto ngati zomera zimakhala zowonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali komanso mvula yambiri.
Korona ndi zowola zowononga zimakhudza zomera pamene zimapitilira mu nthaka yonyowa. Lolani dothi kuti liume pakati pa madzi, koma musawasiye osatulutsidwa motalika kwambiri kuti ayang'ane.
Zopangira Zojambula
Mtundu wolimba wa Gerber daisies ukhoza kukhala wovuta kuphatikizira mu bedi la maluwa ndi mitundu yochenjera. Izi zimagwira ntchito bwino poyerekeza ndi zomera zina zochepa chabe, zokhala ndi zovuta kwambiri zamaluwa kapena masamba a airy. Calibrachoa ndi Diascia amitundu yosiyanasiyana amapanga kusiyana kwakukulu. Kuti mutenge maseĊµera olimbitsa thupi, muwaphatikize ndi masamba a chikasu, makamaka udzu wochepa monga Hakonechloa macra "Aureola" kapena "Gold All". Maluwa amtundu wa buluu, monga ochenjera ndi lobelia, amatulutsanso kulimbika kwa Gerber daisies.
Inde, mukhoza kukula nthawi zonse Gerber daisies okha.
Amatha mosavuta kudzaza mphika ndikuyankhula.
Dulani ma Gerisi daisies pamene maluwa amatsegulidwa kwathunthu, koma malowa amakhalabe olimba. Zimayambira madzi ambiri monga momwe mumaperekera, koma madzi ochulukitsa adzafupikitsa nthawi yawo yowonetsera. Akhazikeni pa madzi okha kapena mamita awiri okha ndikuwonjezera zina zofunikira. Ngati maziko a tsinde ayamba kutaya, pangani mwatsopano.
Mitundu Yowonjezera:
Gerbera jamesonii, Transvaal kapena Barberton Daisy, ndiwo mitundu yowonjezeka kwambiri ndipo pali zosiyanasiyana zambiri mkati mwake. Mbewu zambiri zogulitsidwa ndi Gerbera jamesonii. Jaguar ndi imodzi mwa nkhani zotchuka kwambiri. Mukhoza kugula mbeu ya mtundu umodzi kapena zosiyana.
Gulu lochepa la Gerbera, Gerber minis, likufala kwambiri. Amakhalanso ndi mitundu yosankhidwa yabwino ndipo amatha kukula kuchokera ku mbewu.
Pali mitundu ina imene mumasankha mukamawagula monga zomera chifukwa chakuti kubereka kwa Gerbera kumachitika kudzera mu chikhalidwe cha minofu.
Zida: Chaka cha Gerbera, ku National Garden Bureau.