01 pa 13
Mmene Mungadziŵire Tizilombo ndi Matenda M'munda Wanu
Justin / CC NDI-ND 2.0 / Flickr Kulima m'bwalo lanu kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, koma kumakhala kovuta kwambiri: tizirombo ndi matenda omwe amachititsa zomera zanu zokongola ndi masamba okongola a homegrown. Ziwopsezozi sizimapweteka, koma kuyang'anitsitsa munda wanu nthawi zonse zimakupangitsani kuzindikira vuto mofulumira kuti muteteze kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndikudziphatika kwenikweni.
02 pa 13
Nsabwe za m'masamba: Zing'onozing'ono Koma Zosalekeza
Nsabwe za m'masamba. Chithunzi: © Marie Iannotti (2008) akuloledwa kwa About.com, Inc. Nsabwe za m'masamba zakhudza chomera ichi. Kupopera mbewu ndi jet ya madzi ndi / kapena tizilombo tophera tizilombo timachotsa vutoli. Kupopera kwapadera kungakhale kotheka.
03 a 13
Zizindikiro za Nyongolotsi za Kabichi
Kabichi nyongolotsi yawonongeka. Chithunzi: © Marie Iannotti (2008) akuloledwa kwa About.com, Inc. Mazenera mu kabichi masamba ndi chizindikiro cha kabichi nyongolotsi kudya. Dulani kuchotsa akulu ndikuyang'ana mazira pamunsi mwa masamba.
04 pa 13
Kuwonongeka kwa Mkhumba
Nkhumba zowonongeka. Chithunzi: © Marie Iannotti (2008) akuloledwa kwa About.com, Inc. Bokosili linakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi akangaude ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimachititsa masamba kuti aziuma ndi kufa. Kupopera mbewu ndi sopo lotchedwa horticultural sopo amalamulira akangaude.
05 a 13
Mazira a Bugudu
Masegi a sikwashi. Chithunzi: © Marie Iannotti (2008) akuloledwa kwa About.com, Inc. Mazira a sikwashi amathamangira m'munsi mwa masambawa. Chotsani masamba aliwonse omwe akukhudzidwa ndi masewera akuluakulu.
06 cha 13
Matenda a phwetekere
Phwetekere nyangaworm. Chithunzi: © Marie Iannotti (2008) akuloledwa kwa About.com, Inc. Nyamayi ya hornworm ndi malo othamanga a mawanga asanu a Hawk njenjete. Maseŵera onsewa a tizilombowa ndi owopsa kuti tiwone, koma nyongolotsi sizimawoneka bwino m'munda wa ndiwo zamasamba. Hornworms amakonda masamba a phwetekere ndi tsabola. Popeza kuti nyongolotsizi zimagwirizana bwino ndi masamba, simungazizindikire mpaka mutayang'ana kuwonongeka. Chifukwa nyanga yamphongo ndi yaikulu kwambiri (pafupifupi kukula kwake kwa pinki), njira yosavuta yomuchotsera ndiyo kumuchotsa pa chomeracho ndi kumutaya.
07 cha 13
Whiteflies
Silverleaf whitefly. Chithunzi: USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS) / Scott Bauer. Whiteflies amadyetsa zomera mwa kuyamwa timadzi timeneti. Zingayambitse kupweteka, kudodometsa ndi imfa. Mofanana ndi achibale awo nsabwe za m'masamba, mealybugs ndi kukula, chigulu cha whitefly chimakula mwamsanga. Njira yabwino yothetsera ma whiteflies ndiyo kuwunika nthawi zonse ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zochepetsera chiwerengero chawo. Onetsetsani kuti chomera chilichonse chimene mumagula sichitha; kungosuntha chomeracho kumawachititsa kuti azisuntha. Ngati mutapeza kachilombo kakang'ono m'munda mwanu, chotsani ndi kuphulika kwa madzi kuchokera ku payipi kapena poika chomera mu ndowa. Mipiritsi yomwe imakhala ndi pyrethrum kapena neem imapatsa mphamvu ku whitefly yomwe ilipo. Vembani zonse pamwamba ndi pamunsi pa masamba. Bwerezani mapulogalamu adzafunika kupanga.
08 pa 13
Zidutswa za wireworms
Wireworm. Chithunzi: David Bradbeer's / flickr. Zipangizo zamtunduwu zimapezeka kwambiri mu nthaka zambiri ndipo zimapezeka mchaka chonse. Ngati tizilombo ta tizilombo timadya mizu ya zomera, zomera zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo zidzakhala zofooka. Popeza tizilombo ta tizilombo tafala kwambiri, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kulamulira. Komabe, ngati mukuganiza kuti wireworms alipo, apa pali njira zingapo zomwe mungayese kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwawo:
- Pangani nthaka yanu mu Meyi ndi June, pamene iwo akuphulika, kuti awonekere ku mbalame zanjala.
- Gwiritsani ntchito chunks ya mbatata ngati msampha wozembera. Skewer chidutswa cha mbatata yaiwisi ndikuchiika pafupi ndi vutoli ndikukumba pambuyo pa sabata ndikuyang'ana kukhalapo kwa wireworms. Pewani chidutswa cha mbatata, udzu wathanzi ndi zonse.
- Chotsani ndi kuwononga mbewu zowonongeka pambuyo pokolola kuti kuchepetsa overwintering.
09 cha 13
Nkhaka Nyerere
Nkhaka kachilomboka. Chithunzi Mwachilolezo cha USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS). Nkhaka kafadala amadya mizu, masamba, ndi maluwa ndi kulengeza mabakiteriya wilt matenda panjira. Kuwonongeka nthawi zambiri sikukwanira kupha zomera, koma kutayika kwa maluwa kumatanthauza kutayika kwa zipatso. Kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya kumafuna kukhala koopsa komanso mofulumira. Zimayamba ndi tsamba limodzi kuti lifalikire ndi kufalikira. Chizindikiro chotsimikizika cha bakiteriya ndi chotsatira, choyera chomwe chimachokera ku zimayambira. Bacterial wilt ndi matenda aakulu a nkhaka ndi muskmelons. Zimakhudza squash, nayenso, koma mochepa kwambiri.
Pezani zowonongeka zomwe zimapangidwa ndi nkhaka zamakono mwa kugula zomera zosagonjetsedwa ndi kusunga zomera kuchokera pansi pogwiritsa ntchito trellis. Ngati chifuwa chikadalipo, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ngati Rotenone kapena Pyrethrum pa zomera zanu. Nkhaka zamasamba zimagwirizana ndi mankhwala ambiri, choncho tsatirani malangizo ake mosamala ndipo mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala monga njira yomaliza.
10 pa 13
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Nkhaka zowononga kachilombo. Chithunzi: © Marie Iannotti (2008) akuloledwa kwa About.com, Inc. Masamba achikasu otsekedwa amawonetsa ma ARV. Chotsani ndi kuwononga zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa mwamsanga kuthetsa kufala kwa kachilomboka.
11 mwa 13
Mulu Wofiira pa Masamba a Peony
Peony Botritis. Chithunzi: © Marie Iannotti (2008) akuloledwa kwa About.com, Inc. Botrytis, kapena nkhungu yakuda , ndi bowa limene limakhudza zomera zambiri. Chotsani ndi kuwononga masamba alionse okhudzidwa. Apatseni malo ochulukirapo kuti mpweya uziyenda ndi kudula ndikuchotsanso masamba mu kugwa kuti kuchepetsa overwintering spores.
12 pa 13
Powdery Mildew
Powdery mildew. Chithunzi: © Marie Iannotti (2008) akuloledwa kwa About.com, Inc. Powdery mildew yakhazikika pa masamba a Rudbeckia uyu. Ngati muwona pa mbeu yanu iliyonse, fungicide ikhoza kuthandizira kuthetsa vutoli.
13 pa 13
Leaf Spot
Tsamba la phwetekere. Chithunzi: © Marie Iannotti (2008) akuloledwa kwa About.com, Inc. Masamba otsika a tomatowa ali ndi kachilombo ka tsamba. Fungicide ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo masamba akhoza kuchotsedwa kumunsi kwa mbeu kuti ateteze spores kuti asatulukire pa masamba.