Mtengo wa peyala ndi wosankha kwa munda wa zipatso. Zipatso zotsekemera zimatha kusangalala mwatsopano kapena kugwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe onse okoma komanso okoma. Mitengo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando ndi matabwa.
Mitundu yodziwika yomwe ilipo m'masitolo odyera ku America ndi kumunda wamaluwa ndi awa:
- 'Bartlett'
- 'Bosc'
- 'Kuphatikiza'
- 'Concorde'
- 'd'Anjou'
- 'Seckel'
Dzina la Latin
Dzina la sayansi la mtengo uwu ndi Pyrus communis ndipo ndilo la banja la Rosaceae.
Mapeyala omwe apangidwira ndi ma subspecies otchedwa communis .
Mamembala ena odziwa bwino ndi awa:
- Amene ali mu mtundu wa Prunus (kuphatikizapo ambiri mwa miyala yathu monga miyala yamapichesi ndi apricots)
- Indian hawthorn ( Rhaphiolepis indica )
- Quince ( Cydonia oblonga )
- Roses ( Rosa spp.)
- Shrubby cinquefoil ( Potentilla fruticosa )
- Froberberries ( Fragaria × ananassa )
Mayina Amodzi
Izi zimadziwika kuti European pear, Pear pear, pear kapena pear. Mitundu yowongoka imadziŵika ngati ngale yamtchire.
Amakonda USDA Hardiness Zones
Zokonzera zamakono zidzasiyana ndi kulima. Chiyambi cha mtengowo chili kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Asia ndi pakati ndi kum'mawa kwa Ulaya.
Kukula & Kupanga
Mtengo wautchire (wapanga peyala) ndi wautali wa 40 ndipo umakula mu mawonekedwe ozungulira . Pali mitundu yaying'ono ndi yachimake yomwe ilipo.
Chiwonetsero
Pezani malo m'munda wanu omwe amalandira dzuwa lonse tsiku ndi tsiku.
Maluwa / Maluwa / Zipatso
Masamba ophika ndi 1-4 "obiriwira ndi obiriwira.
Ngati mutatembenuza, ndizobiriwira pansi.
Maluwa oyera amakhala ndi ma peta asanu ndipo amapangidwa m'masumbu omwe amatchedwa corymbs.
Monga maapulo, mapeyala ndi mtundu wa chipatso chotchedwa pome. Ali ndi maziko pomwe mbeu zimatetezedwa ndi chikopa cha chikopa. Amabwera mumithunzi yofiira, yofiira, yobiriwira ndi yachikasu.
Zipatso ziyenera kusankhidwa akafika kukula kwake (mpaka 4 "malinga ndi zosiyanasiyana) koma asanayambe kufewetsa ndi kuphuka, abweretseni mkati ndikulola njira yobweretsera.
Zopangira Zojambula
Muyenera kukhala ndi mitengo iwiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopititsa patsogolo mungu ndi zipatso zabwino. Mitundu ina monga 'Bartlett' ndi 'Comice' ikhoza kubala chipatso cha parthenocarpic popanda pollination. Sankhani 'Anjou' kapena 'Bartlett' ngati muli ndi malo a mtengo umodzi pamene amatha kudzipitsa okha.
Tayang'anani chithunzi cha peyala chochokera ku Colorado State University Extension kuti muwone kuti ndimi ziti zomwe zimagwirira ntchito bwino pamodzi.
Ngati muli ndi malo ochepa kumene mungathe kukula mtengo wa peyala, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a espalier . Ndondomeko iyi ya ku France imaphatikizapo kuphunzitsa nthambi zazing'ono pamphepete. Mungasankhenso kudzala mitundu yochepa ngati 'Bartlett', 'Moonglow' ndi 'Williams'.
Malangizo Okula
Mitengo ya zipatsoyi imatha kusamalira nthaka yonyowa, ngakhale kuti ikukula bwino imayenera kukhetsa bwino.
Mitundu iliyonse idzakhala ndi maola ochepa omwe amafunika kuti zipatso zabwino zikhale bwino. Fufuzani ndi utumiki wanu wowonjezerako kuti muwone maola angapo omwe dera lanu amalandila ndi kulimbikitsa mitundu.
Kusamalira / Kudulira:
Mapeyala angaphunzitsidwe ku mawonekedwe apakatikati pomwe ali aang'ono.
Tizilombo ndi Matenda
Imodzi mwa mavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri pamtengo wa peyala ndi choipitsa moto, chomwe chimayambitsa bakiteriya chotchedwa Erwinia amylovora . Zopopera zamkuwa sizikhoza kuthetseratu matendawa. Zingakhale zovuta kulamulira ndi kudulira ziwalo za matenda zomwe zikhoza kuchitika m'chilimwe ndi m'nyengo yozizira kuti zithandizire kusiya matendawa. Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zanu mankhwala asanayambe kudulira kapena mutatha kudulira kuti musayambe kufalitsa matendawa mwangozi. Dipatimenti Yophatikiza Ntchito Yowonjezera Yunivesite ya Purdue imati yankho la magawo atatu omwe amathira mowa ndi gawo limodzi madzi ndi abwino. Njira yothetsera bleach ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito, ngakhale izi zimangowononga zipangizo zanu pakapita nthawi.
Matenda Ena Amene Amawoneka
- Matenda osokoneza bongo
- Kuphulika kwa maluwa
- Zitsulo
- Mangani tsamba la tsamba
- Flyspeck
- Grey nkhungu
- Malo a tsamba la Mycosphaerella
- Powdery mildew
- Scabs
- Zowola zofewa / mtundu wa buluu
- Sungani kwambiri
- Khola la miyala
Mwatsoka, tizirombo zambiri timakonda mtengo wa peyala. Yang'anirani mitengo yanu ndikuyang'ana zizindikiro zilizonse zothandizira kuthetsa vuto mwamsanga.
Tizilombo Tiyenera Kuwona
- Nsabwe za m'masamba
- Oyimba
- Katemera wa njenjete ( Cydia pomonell )
- Mealybug wamphesa ( Pseudococcus maritimus )
- Pear tsamba blister mite ( Phytoptus pyri )
- Peyala psylla ( Cacopsylla pyricola )
- Peyala rust mite ( Epitrimerus pyri )
- Peyala sawfly ( Caliroa cerasi )
- San Jose scale ( Quadraspidiotus perniciosus )
Maphikidwe Mungayesere
- Ginger Pear Chicken
- Cinnamon yokolezedwa ndi mapeyala a Sug Sugar
- Buluu wa Peyala
- Peyala Fennel Walnut Saladi
- Peyala, rasipiberi, ndi Chokoleti Crumble
- Vinyo Wofiira Amagwedeza Mapeyala
- Dothi la Pear Dessert Empanadas