Muwakonde kapena muwadane nawo, mphutsi ndizofunikira pa nthaka yabwino
Dzina lakuti earthworm ndilo dzina lofala lomwe limatanthawuza ndi nyongolotsi iliyonse yopanda chilema, yomwe imakhala yozungulira, yomwe imakhala mu nthaka. Zimaphatikizapo mitundu yambirimbiri, zonsezi zikugwera mu phylum Annelida . Malingana ndi zamoyo, zimatha kuchoka ku mphutsi zazing'ono 1/2-inch m'malo mokhala ndi lalikulu usiku (Lumbricus terrestris ) yomwe imatha kukula ngati masentimita 14. Mitundu yowonjezeka yomwe imapezeka ku North America mabala ndi ofiira kapena zofiira zolengedwa zomwe mungathe kuziwona mukatembenuza fosholo la udzu kapena dothi.
Madzi otchedwa Earthworms mu Udzu Wogona ndi Minda
Kukhalapo kwa mphutsi m'nthambi ndi chisonyezo cha nthaka yabwino yomwe ili ndi mlingo wapamwamba wa zinthu zakuthupi, ndipo nthawi zambiri, palibe chifukwa chodandaula ndi mphutsi mu nthaka yanu. Zimakhala zodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri ngati nthaka yanu ilibe mphutsi mkati mwake, monga izi zikuwonetsera nthaka yopanda kanthu yomwe ikusoweka mu zinthu zakuthupi.
Nthawi zambiri mphutsi, siziwonekeratu, zimapangitsa nthaka kukhala ndi moyo komanso imakhala m'mizinda yawo. Koma m'nyengo ya masika ndi kugwa, kapena nthawi zina zowonongeka kwambiri, mvula yam'madzi imatha kusunthira pamwamba ndikusiya udzu wawo pa udzu. Kuponyedwa kwa nkhanza ndi ming'alu yaing'ono kapena udzu pa udzu womwe umakhala udontho wambiri - koma chimbudzi chopatsa thanzi. Zakudyazi ndi zakudya zokhala ndi zakudya zowonjezera zomwe zimadulidwa ndi nthaka yomwe idutsa mphutsi - zinthu zomwe zimapindulitsa kwambiri udzu.
Mankhwala otchedwa Earthworms amathandizanso kuthana ndi tchire, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu ndikupanga nayitrogeni yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'nthaka. Ndipotu, nthaka zisanu kapena kuposerapo pansi pamtunda wa nthaka zimapereka udzu wokhala ndi 25% ya zofunikira zake za nayitrogeni. Potsirizira pake, mphutsi 'zimayenda mozungulira dothi la nthaka zimakhala ngati aeration zachilengedwe, kuthandiza mpweya ndi madzi kusunthira pamwamba pamtunda.
Pafupifupi mlingo uliwonse, mphutsi zapansi ndi ma castings awo ndi abwino kwambiri kwa munda ndi udzu. Komabe, eni nyumba omwe akufuna kupanga mabilidi odyera bwino madontho a udzu nthawi zina amadandaula chifukwa cha zizindikiro zomwe zimatuluka ku udzu.
Kotero Ndi Vuto Liti?
Kutentha kwambiri kwapansipansi pa udzu kungakhale kovuta m'madera ambiri a North America chifukwa anthu omwe alibe udzu wosasunthika. Chisoni chachikulu ndi worm castings ndicho kuwonetsetsa kwawo. Chitsamba chaching'ono cha chimbudzi cholemera chimapanga malo amdima ngati kukula kwa kotala pa udzu. Kulimbidwa ndi nambala yochuluka ya mphutsi ndipo ingakhudze kwambiri aesthetics ya udzu. Udzu wofooka, woonda kwambiri umene ukutsika pansi udzawoneka woipitsitsa ngati pali nyongolotsi zambiri zomwe zikupezekapo. M'kupita kwa nthawi, kuchuluka kwa miyala yomwe imakhala pansi pa udzu kumapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lopindika, ndipo limapangitsa kuti phokoso likagwedezeke. Pomalizira pake, kuchulukanso kwa mbozi yam'madzi imatha kukopa tizilombo tina tomwe timadontho timene timadya monga timadontho, grubs, ndi zinyama zina.
Kuchita ndi Castings
Pakalipano, palibe mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amatchulidwa kuti azitha kulamulira, ngakhale kuti tizilombo tina tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi fungicides ndizoopsa kwa iwo.
Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo "kuchoka pamatope" ndipo mosemphana ndi malemba apatsulo ndi oletsedwa, owopsa ndi osakonzedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mphutsi zopindulitsa zimapereka nthaka kupitirira zovuta zazing'ono zogwira ntchito zawo.
Komabe, pali njira zina zothandiza komanso zapadziko lapansi zothetsera udzu wambiri pa udzu:
- Gwiritsani ntchito zida kapena zowonongeka kudutsa udzu pamene zouma. Izi zimakhudza kufalitsa feteleza zakuthupi pazitsulo ndikupasula zowonongeka. Mphamvu-sungani udzu mu kugwa kuti muteteze mpweya wosagwirizana kuchokera pakukula.
- Musapitirire pa madzi. Mawotchi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja adzakhala pafupi ngati akupitirirabe, koma amapita pansi kwambiri kufunafuna chinyezi ngati mchenga wochepa kwambiri wa nthaka ndi wowuma.
- Sungani pamwamba ndi kusunga udzu wathanzi kuti mubise ma castings ndikuchepetsera unsightliness.
- Chogudubuza chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupondereza pansi; koma m'kupita kwanthawi, chiwonongeko chidzapitirirabe ndipo chikhoza kuchititsa kuti nthaka ikhale yofanana.
Udzu umapangidwira komanso umakhala wovuta chifukwa cha zaka zambiri zowakhazikitsa zingadabwe kukonzanso kapena kukonzedwanso malinga ndi kuuma kwake. Kuponderezana ndi kubzala mbeu kumasamalira bwino kwambiri. Pa milandu yowopsya kwambiri, kuthamanga ndi kutsekula kungakhale kofunikira kuti tikwaniritse bwino.
Kodi mumadziwa?
Pa mitundu pafupifupi 180 ya mitundu yambiri yam'madzi ku North America, pafupifupi 60 mwa iwo ndi mitundu ya anthu omwe sali obadwira omwe amaonedwa kuti ndi ovuta ku zamoyo zina. Mwachitsanzo, m'nkhalango zachilengedwe, nsomba zam'madzi zimadya masamba obiriwira omwe amatha kubzala mitengo yomwe imapatsa mitengo komanso zomera zambiri. Kotero pamene kukhalapo kwa mphutsi zapansi ndi chizindikiro chabwino m'tawuni kapena m'midzi yakunja ndi kumunda, sikuti ndi chizindikiro chabwino m'nkhalango zakuda. Musatuluke mphutsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsomba m'madera odyetserako nkhalango, ndipo fufuzani nthaka mosamala mukakhala ndi zomera zamasamba kumalo ozungulira nyumba yamatabwa kapena tchuthi ku nkhalango. Izi ndi malo amodzi omwe mukufuna kupeŵa maphwando a nthaka.