Malangizo Othandiza Odziŵira Odzipha Nkhondo
Mabombawa ndi amodzi mwa mabanja akuluakulu komanso osiyana kwambiri ndi mbalame padziko lonse lapansi - Parulidae - ndipo maonekedwe awo okhwima ndi othandizira amatha kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chakuti iwo ndi osiyana kwambiri, komabe kulongosola molondola ziphuphu kungakhale kovuta. Ntchito yawo yotanganidwa kawirikawiri imangopereka mwachidule chabe mbalameyi, koma mbalame zomwe zimadziŵa bwino bwino zigawenga zingathe kuwonetsa mitundu yovuta imeneyi mosavuta.
Zipangizo Zowunikira Odzipha Nkhonya
Kukhala ndi zida zabwino zomwe zimapezeka zimapangitsa kuti chidziwitso cha nkhondo chikhale chophweka kwambiri.
- Zojambulajambula : Posankha mabala a binoculars makamaka kwa ankhondo, kukweza kwakukulu kungapangitse zolemba zosavuta kuona. Lens lalikulu ndi lofunikanso chifukwa mbalamezi zimagwira ntchito mumdima wambiri ndi kuwala kosaoneka bwino, ndipo kuwala kumeneku kumaphatikizapo bwino kuti chithunzichi chikhale bwino. Chifukwa chakuti ziphuphu zimamangirira kumadzulo, komabe, zisamalire mabotolo sizinenepa kwambiri kapena zingathe kupweteka khosi ndi kupweteka kumbuyo. Kugwiritsa ntchito binocular harness kungathandize kuchepetsa mavuto.
- Kamera : Mbalame zomwe zimajambula zithunzi zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito kamera kuti zilandire zida zankhondo kuti zidziwitse. Sankhani makamera ndi zojambula zowoneka bwino kuti mbalamezo zitseke, ndikuyang'ana zizindikiro zolimbitsa chithunzi ndi kuthamanga msanga kwa mafano omwe angakuthandizeni kuzindikira mbalame. Mng'oma yomwe imatha kusamalira zinthu zochepa mu malo otetezeka ngati malo okhala ndi malo omwe amafunikanso kukhala ofunika.
- Mtsogoleli wa Masamba : Mtsogoleli wa masamba omwe amapereka malingaliro osiyana kapena mafanizo a omenyana nawo pa mpumulo ndi kuthawa ndikofunika kuti azindikire bwino. Otsogolera omwe amapereka zithunzi zambiri ndi maonekedwe oyandikana a mitu ya mbalame ndi zizindikiro zosiyana zidzakhala zothandiza kwambiri. Zosankha zazikulu zikuphatikizapo Stokes Field Guide kwa Warblers ndi Guide ya Warbler.
- Kuthamanga kwa Mphungu : Ngakhale kupopera kwa kachilombo sikungakuthandizeni mwachindunji kuzindikira zigawenga, zidzakupangitsa kuti chidziwitsocho chikhale chophweka kwambiri. Nkhonya zimagwira ntchito kwambiri ngati tizilombo tachuluka, ndipo ngakhale tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tingasokoneze ndi kukhumudwitsa. Palibe mbalame yomwe imafuna kuti iwonongeke bwino chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo kuthamanga kwapamwamba kumatha kuthetsa vutoli.
Kudziwa Nkhondo Zowonongeka ndi Kuwona
Ambiri omwe ali ndi zida zankhondo ali ndi maonekedwe okongola, omwe angakhale ovuta kudziwa ndi zosiyana siyana. Poyang'ana zida zankhondo, yang'anani makhalidwe awa ...
- Mtundu : Kodi pali wachikasu, wofiira, wabuluu, wakuda, wakuda, bulauni kapena lalanje pa mbalame? Kodi mtundu uli wowala kwambiri pa thupi la mbalame ili kuti?
- Mutu : Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zikuwoneka pamutu? Kodi pali mphete ya diso, pamzere kapena pamataya? Kodi chinsalu kapena khosi zimakhala zachikuda kapena zimagwedezeka? Kodi pali kapu yooneka kapena mtundu wosiyana pachithunzi?
- Bill : Kodi ndalamazo ndi zovuta kapena zovuta? Kodi zonsezi ziyenera kukhala zofanana? Kodi cholemera kapena chochepa ndi chiyani?
- Chifuwa : Kodi ndi bokosi lotani, ndipo limasonyeza streaks, mawanga kapena mtundu wosamba? Kodi chifuwa ndi mmero ndizofanana?
- Mpheta : Kodi pali mtundu wosamba pambali mwa mbalame kapena pambali ? Kodi iwo amawoneka, otambasulidwa kapena amphepete?
- Chovala : Kodi zovalazo ndizofanana ndi mapiko kapena mutu? Kodi imasonyeza mitsinje iliyonse kapena mawanga?
- Mapiko : Mapiko ndi mapiko otani? Kodi amasonyeza mawanga, edging, bars or patches?
- Mchira : Mchira umakhala liti? Kodi imasonyeza mtundu uliwonse wa mabala kapena mapazi a mchira? Kodi malonda amavala kapena amawomba mtundu wosiyana? Kodi pali mphako kumapeto kwa mchira?
- Miyendo : Kodi miyendo imakhala yamdima kapena yamdima?
N'zotheka kudziwa mitundu yambiri ya zida zowonongeka pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zowonera, pokhapokha ngati pali mbalame yabwino kuona nyenyezi zake zosiyana. Komabe, mwachidule chabe, zingakhale zofunikira kuti muganizidwe pazinthu zina pozindikira mbalameyi.
Njira Zina Zodziŵira Othawa Nkhondo
Kuphatikiza pa ziwonetsero zowonetsera, khalidwe la nyimbo ndi nyimbo zingathandize kuzindikira mitundu yake.
- Nyimbo ndi Zomveka : Ambiri oimba nyimbo ali ndi nyimbo zosiyana, ngakhale kuti ambiri alibe khalidwe lolimbana. Kuphunzira momwe mbalame zimagwirira ntchito kumatha kungathandize mbalame kusiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zigawenga, ngakhale popanda maganizo abwino.
- Mtundu ndi Habitat : Ngakhale kuti mitundu yambiri yamagulu ndi zowonjezereka, kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za malo kungakhale njira yabwino yochepetsera mitundu yeniyeniyo. Kuwona malo okhalapo kumathandizanso - zida zina zimakonda malo ouma, pamene ena amapezeka m'malo ouma.
- Kukula kwa Ntchito : Chifukwa chakuti nkhonya zonse zimadya tizilombo , mbalamezi zasintha kuti zidyetse kumadera osiyanasiyana kuti zithetse zofunikira za mitundu mitundu. Taonani komwe mumtsinje ndi mitengo mbalamezi zimawoneka mobwerezabwereza ndipo zimagwiritsira ntchito chidziwitsochi kuti chichepetse mtundu umene angakhalepo. Nkhanza zomwe zimakonda kudyetsa pamwamba pa mitengo, mwachitsanzo, sizidzapezeka pamtunda wochepa kwambiri, pamene ziphuphu zomwe zimadya pansi sizimapezeka kwambiri m'mitengo.
- Nyengo Yosamukira : Pamene nyengo ya masika imakhala yaitali kwa nyengo yowonongeka kwa mbalame zambiri, amitundu osiyanasiyana amatha kusuntha pa nthawi zosiyana. Yang'anirani ndi magulu odyetserako zigawo kuti mudziwe omwe amatha kusamukira kumayambiriro kapena mochedwa, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito chidziwitsochi kuti muthandize kudziwa chomwe chiripo.
Kuzindikiritsa zigawenga zingakhale zonyenga, koma zimakhalanso zopindulitsa pamene mbalame zimawona mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalamezi zokongola. Mwachisamaliro ndi kuleza mtima, mbalame zimatha kukhala ndi chidaliro kwa aliyense amene amamenya nkhondo.