Cardinalis cardinalis
Mbalame za kumpoto ndi imodzi mwa mbalame zabwino kwambiri kumbuyo kwa North America. Ndilo mbalame yotchuka ya dziko, mascot masewera , chizindikiro cha tchuthi chachisanu ndi zina.
Dzina Loyamba: Kardinali Wakumpoto, Kadinala, Virginia Nightingale, Kadiyina Wodziwika
Dzina la sayansi: Cardinalis cardinalis
Scientific Family: Cardinalidae
Maonekedwe:
- Bill : Mng'onoting'ono wamphongo wofiira, wofiira, wofiira kapena wofiira-lalanje, wakuda mbalame zazing'ono
- Kukula kwake : mainchesi 7 mpaka 9 ndi mapiko a masentimita 11, mchira wautali wochepa, thupi lolimba, mutu waukulu
- Mabala : Afiira, akuda, amata, tani, imvi
- Zizindikiro : Dimorphic mitundu . Amuna ndi ofiira owala ponseponse omwe angakhale ochepa pang'ono kapena amasonyeza kusamba kwa imvi pamapiko. Mdima wofiira wa nkhope yakuda ukuzungulira maso, bilo ndi chinangwa. Mkazi ndi nsalu ya golidi ndi tinge wofiira mpaka mapiko ndi mchira, ndipo nkhope yawo ya maski ndi yaying'ono komanso yochepa. Amuna onsewa ali ndi mutu wapamwamba womwe ukhoza kukwezedwa ndi kutsika kuti uwonetsere momwe mbalamezo zimakhalira. Kwa anyamata onse, maso ndi akuda ndipo miyendo ndi mapazi ndi imvi.
Amayi amaoneka ngati ofanana ndi akazi akuluakulu, koma ndalama zawo zimakhala zofiira ndipo zimakhala zosaoneka bwino ndipo zimakhala ndi maonekedwe a scruffier.
Nthawi zambiri, makadinita akumpoto alembedwa ndi mazenera a xanthochroistic . Pazochitikazi, amuna amakhala owala kwambiri m'malo mofiira, koma zina zonse, kuphatikizapo nkhope, zimakhala zofanana.
Zakudya: Tizilombo, mbewu, zipatso, mtedza, kuyamwa, zipatso, chimanga ( Onani: Omnivorous )
Habita ndi Kusamukira:
Makhadi a kumpoto amapezeka m'madera akum'maŵa a United States kuchokera ku Maine mpaka ku Florida ndikupitirira kumadzulo kumwera kwa Minnesota, Nebraska, Texas ndi kumbali yakummawa ya Mexico. Mbalamezi zimakonda zowonjezera mitengo komanso malo am'midzi koma zimapezeka mosavuta m'madera akumidzi.
Makedinala a kumpoto sangasamuke.
Onani mapu athunthu okwera kumpoto.
Zolemba:
Makhadi a kumpoto ali ndi nyimbo zabwino komanso zokongola zomwe zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi zosiyana ndi ziŵiri zomwe zimadalira nyengo ndi mbalame. Mbalame zonse zamwamuna ndi zazikazi zimayimba mwaukwati , ndipo abambo amatha kuimba kapena kuteteza gawo lawo. Kuwoneka kwachilendo kumaphatikizapo nyimbo yowonjezera ya "cheer-cheer-cheer-cheer" komanso kuitana kwa "chip".
Makhalidwe:
Amuna a kumpoto makadinali amadziwika chifukwa cha nkhanza zawo, zomwe zimawoneka kupyolera mu ulamuliro wotsatsa kapena kuthamangitsa makhadi ena ochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana. Makhadi a kumpoto adzamenyana ndi maofesi awo, magalasi ndi malo ena osinkhasinkha , omwe nthawi zambiri amadzipweteka kapena amadzivulaza okha pokhapokha ngati pamwamba pake sichiphimbidwa. Pokhala kuthawa, mbalamezi zili ndi njira yopulumukira, ndipo zimayenda mosavuta kudutsa m'nkhalango . Kumbuyo, nthawi zambiri amadyetsa pansi ndipo mbalame zoyambirira zimapita m'mawa ndi omaliza kukachezera madzulo.
Kubalanso:
Mapadinali awiriwa ndi amodzi ndipo amatha kukwatirana . Mbalamezi zimagwirizana kwambiri pa chizoloŵezi chodyetserako chakudya kumene mbalame yaikazi imatsanzira khalidwe la nestling ndi mbalame yamphongo imapatsa mbewu zake kapena zipatso.
Amunawa amasamaliranso akazi pamene akukwera chisa, akubweretsa chakudya ndi kudikirira kumenyana ndi adani.
Kardinala wamkazi amamanga chisa chochuluka, ngakhale amphongo angathandize kupereka chinyama. Zisamba zingapangidwe ndi nthambi, udzu, masamba, zimayambira, mizu, singano zapaini ndi zina zipangizo, zomwe zimapangidwira mu chikho chachikulu ndikukhala pamwamba pa mtunda kapena chitsamba.
Mazirawo ndi obiriwira kapena obiriwira, a buluu kapena a bulauni, omwe ali ndi phokoso lakuda, lofiirira kapena lofiirira. Mbalame imodzi imatha kulera ana awiri ndi awiri pachaka a mazira 3-4. Mazira amatengeka ndi azimayi kwa masiku 12-14, ngakhale abambo amatha kupatula nthawi yochepa. Mitengo yamakono imachoka chisa masiku 9-12.
Kukopa Makina Akumwera:
Makasitini a kumpoto angakhale amwendwe am'nyumba am'nyumba ndipo amatha kupita ku madiresi amtundu wamakilomita omwe amapereka chivundikiro chotsikira pansi monga kuzungulira pansi. Kupereka chimanga chophwanyika , mbewu zosungira mbewu ndi mbewu zakuda za mpendadzuwa pamtunda kapena papepala zopereka chakudya zimathandiza kukopa makadinali, ndipo akhoza kuyesedwa ndi malo osambira a mbalame . Patapita nthawi, makadinali akhoza kudyetsedwa m'manja ndi odwala mbalame.
Kusungidwa:
Makhadi a kumpoto sakunena kuti ali pangozi kapena pangozi. Amakhala ndi zoopsa zosiyanasiyana za kumbuyo kwa nyumba, komabe, monga kuukira kwa amphaka akunja, kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mankhwala ena ndi magetsi. Chifukwa mbalamezi zimatha kusinthasintha ndipo zimapita kukaona mbalamezi, ndipo kumpoto kwake kumakhala kukulirakulira. Pamene mbalame zambiri za kumbuyo zimapereka chakudya chowonjezera m'nyengo yozizira, mbalamezi zimakhala m'malo ochereza alendo ambiri chaka chonse.
Mbalame zofanana:
- Pyrrhuloxia ( Cardinals sinuatus )
- Chilimwe Tanager ( Piranga rubra )