Kusiyana kwakukulu
Chidziwitso chodziwika bwino cha mbalame yotsekedwa ndi yofala kwambiri m'mapiri a kum'mwera, yachititsa kuti mbalameyi ikhale "dzina lachiwombankhanga" dzina lace, komanso "moniker" yokhala ndi "eyiti eyiti". Mbalameyi ndi imodzi mwa mbalame zomwe zimadziwika bwino ku North America, zomwe sizikupezeka kumpoto ndi kumadzulo.
Dzina Loyamba: Nkhono Yamatabwa, Nkhono Yam'mphepete, Chigwa Chomwera cha Kumpoto, Nkhalango Yam'madzi, Nkhono Yam'madzi, Nkhope Yachisanu ndi Iwiri, Bard Owl, Kuthamanga Mphati ya Kumpoto
Dzina la Scientific : Strix varia
Scientific Family : Strigidae
Kuwonekera ndi Kudziwika
Nkhumba zowonongeka zimagwedezeka kwambiri, koma maonekedwe a zizindikiro zawo amathandiza mbalame kuzizindikira mosavuta. Zina zamtunduwu zimaphatikizapo kukula kwa chikopa, maso ake akuda ndi mawonekedwe a nkhope ya disk.
- Bill : Wopindika kwambiri, wamtundu wachikasu kapena wobiriwira
- Kukula kwake : 17-24 mainchesi yaitali ndi mapiko a 50 -5-inch mapiko, mutu wapakati, mzere wautali-mchira
- Mabala : Brown, buff, woyera, imvi, wachikasu
- Zizindikiro : Amuna ali ofanana ndi maso aakulu a mdima, ofiira kapena ofiira a bulauni omwe ali ndi white spotting ndi utoto wozungulira wa nkhope ndi malire a mdima. Chifuwa ndi mimba zimakhala zotsekemera kapena zoyera, ndipo chifuwa chimasonyeza kusemphana kwakukulu komwe kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndi mdima wakuda pamimba. Mchira wautali, womwe umakhala wozungulira, umasonyeza mipando yofiira yofiira ndi imvi, ndipo mapiko akuwonetsa zovuta kwambiri kuthawa ndi zolemba zochepa zomwe zili mkati. Zikopazi sizimamva khutu za tcheru , ndipo akazi ndi aakulu kuposa amuna. Miyendo ndi yowombera ndipo miyendo imakhala yotuwa kapena yachikasu-imvi. Mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala zoziziritsa kukhosi, zochepa kwambiri zoletsedwa mpaka ana awo onse atsekedwa pansi.
Zakudya, Zakudya ndi Zochita
Mofanana ndi zikopa zonse, nkhuku zolephereka zimakonda kudya nyama zosiyanasiyana, mbalame, njoka ndi amphibiyani. Amadyetsa nyama zawo zamphongo kapena zazikulu, kenako amatsalira ndikupuma pamene akumba . Nkhumba zowonongeka zimagwiritsa ntchito mapepala ovuta kwambiri, monga mafupa ndi ubweya wa nyama zawo, ndipo othothologists amafalitsa mapepala amenewo kuti aphunzire zakudya zamapiko.
Habita ndi Kusamukira
Nkhumbazi zimakonda malo ambiri okhala ndi matabwa ndi zikuluzikulu, zosasokonekera za mitengo ya coniferous kapena yovuta. Zitha kupezeka m'nkhalango zakuda kapena mathithi, nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi madzi. Nkhumba zotsekemera sizimasamuka , ndipo zimapezedwa chaka chonse kuchokera kum'maŵa kwa Washington ndi kumpoto kwa Oregon ku British Columbia. Mitengo yawo imadutsa kum'maŵa kudutsa m'nkhalango ya Canada kudera la Atlantic, ndipo amapezeka m'chigawo chapakati ndi kum'mwera kwa United States kumadzulo kumadera akummawa a Texas ndi Oklahoma. Pakati pa nyanja ya Pacific, kumapezeka anthu ambiri omwe ali kutali. Kawirikawiri, chiwerengero cha okhwima choletsedwa ndi cholimba kwambiri kumwera chakum'maŵa kuposa m'madera ena a mtundu wawo.
Zolemba
Nkhumba zotsekedwa zimakhala ndi maitanidwe a cawing 8-9 omwe amatha kutchulidwa ndi mnemonic "wophika-for-you-all". Chizindikiro chomaliza cha kuyitanidwa nthawi zambiri chimatulutsidwa. Mbalamezi zimatha kumveka ngati mbalame zingapo, ndipo maulendo awo amamva nthawi zamasana komanso madzulo pamene mbalame zimayamba kugwira ntchito.
Makhalidwe
Izi ndi mbalame zam'mawa zomwe zimapezeka ndekha kapena ziwiriziwiri. Amasaka kuchokera ku mapiko kapena pamphepete, ndipo amakhala pamwamba pamtengo pa nthambi zazikulu kapena pafupi ndi mtengo wa mtengo.
Kuwonetserana kwawo kumaphatikizapo kuwombera, kugwada ndi kutsogoloza, ndipo kungayambe kumayambiriro kwa February pamene mbalame zimayambitsanso maubwenzi awo ndi kulimbitsa mgwirizano ndi okwatirana awo.
Kubalana
Zikopazi ndizokhazikika komanso zimagwirizana kuti zikhale zogonana. Amakhala mumitengo yopanda kanthu kapena amachotsa zisa zam'madzi pamtunda wautali mamita 10 mpaka 85, ndipo nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito mabokosi akuluakulu a chisa. Mazirawo ndi owoneka bwino komanso oyera, ndipo mazira 2-4 amaikidwa m'mimba iliyonse. Awiri amodzi adzatulutsa ana amodzi okha chaka chilichonse. Mayi wachikazi amamwa mazira masiku 29-32, ndipo atatha kudya, makolo onsewa amadyetsa zikwama zotsekedwazo kwa masiku 40-42.
Nthawi zina mbalamezi zimagwedeza ndi nkhumba zomwe zimapezeka m'madera osiyanasiyana.
Zokopa Zowonongeka
Mbalamezi si mbalame zam'mbuyo, koma mbalame zomwe zimapezeka m'madera omwe ali pafupi ndi nkhalango zimakhala ndi mwayi wokongola kwa mbalame zomwe zimakhala zokongola kwambiri zomwe zimaphatikizapo mitengo ikuluikulu yokhwima.
Kupereka mabokosi akuluakulu a chisa ndi njira ina yolimbikitsira mbalamezi kuti zikhale pafupi ndipafupi. Misampha yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ndi misampha iyenera kuchepetsedwa kotero pali zinyama zambiri pafupi ndi nkhuku zosaka.
Kusungirako
Ngakhale zili ndi vuto linalake kuti mbalame zam'madzi zowonongeka zimatha kuchepa, mbalamezi sizikuwopsedwa m'njira iliyonse. Kusunga malo okhala m'mapiri kumwera chakum'maŵa ndi kuyang'anira kudula mitengo kuti zisawononge malo a m'nkhalango za kumpoto kwa mbali ya mbalamezi ndizofunika kuti pakhale malo okwanira.
Mbalame zofanana:
- Zowonongeka ( Strix occidentalis )
- Mawotchi Ophwanya Mazira ( Ciccaba virgata )
- Grey Owl ( Strix nebulosa )
- Ural Owl ( Strix uralensis )
- Owl okongola ( Strix fulvescens )