Chigwa Mendes Wopanga Mvula Amapereka Moyo Wake ku Dziko Lake
Wolemba zachilengedwe dzina lake Chico Mendes (1944-1988) adagwiritsa ntchito moyo wake wonse ndikukhala nawo, mvula yamvula ya ku Brazil ndi anthu ake. Koma kudzipereka kwake kuti apitirize kukhala ndi moyo wosatha kumapangitsa kuti Mendes adziwe moyo wake.
Chico Mendes: Moyo Wautali
Chico Mendes anabadwa Francisco Alves Mendes Filho pa December 15, 1944 mumudzi wawung'ono wa ku Brazil wa Seringal Santa Fé, kunja kwa Xapuri.
Iye anali banja la zida za raba, anthu omwe amakhala ndi moyo wathanzi pogwiritsa ntchito mitengo ya mphira. Monga anthu ambiri akumidzi, banja lake linathandizanso phindu lawo pokolola mtedza ndi zipatso kuchokera ku mvula yamvula.
Mendes anayamba kugwira ntchito ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, ndipo sanalandire maphunziro aliwonse mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo; ndi nkhani zina, Mendes sanaphunzire kuwerenga mpaka atakwanitsa zaka 20. Ena mwa maphunziro ake anatsogoleredwa ndi Euclides Fernandes Tavora, yemwe anafotokozedwa kuti ndi "wa Chikomyunizimu wa pakati, amene ali m'zaka za m'ma 1960, anali kuthaŵa asilikali a ku Brazil." Tavora adayambitsa Mendes ku mabuku, nyuzipepala ndi mgwirizano.
Mendes ndi Ntchito Zagulu
Mendes anayamba kukonza mapepala a raba m'deralo, ndipo posakhalitsa anasankhidwa pulezidenti wa Xapuri Rubber Tappers 'Union. Mendes adathandizanso kupanga bungwe la National Council of Rubber Tappers pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1980; posakhalitsa adasankhidwa kukhala mtsogoleri wa gululo.
Panalibe (ndikulimbikitsabe) mavuto akuluakulu azachuma, komabe, kuchotsa mvula yamvula ya ng'ombe. Ngakhale pali umboni wakuti kukolola rabala, nkhalango, mtedza ndi zakudya zina ndizokhazikika zomwe zimapangitsa ndalama zambiri kwa nthawi yaitali, kudula mitengo yamvula kunkachitika pang'onopang'ono m'zaka za m'ma 1980.
Pamene 130 anthu ochotsa njuchi anachotsamo timapepala 100,000 kuchokera ku rainforest, Mendes ndi antchito ake adagonjetsedwa, akusonkhanitsa mabanja onse kuti ayime kutsogolo kwa mitsempha yambiri ndi kutseka zipolopolo. Khama lawo linapindula bwino ndipo linakopa chidwi cha dziko lonse lapansi. Mendes anaikidwa pa United Nations Environmental Program Global Global Roll of Honor Awards mu 1987; Anapambanso mphoto ya National Conservation Achievement Award mu 1988.
Mendes akutsutsana ndi okhwima ndi osunga katundu
Pamene Darly Alves da Silva akuyesa kuyesa kudula dera la rainforest lomwe linakonzedweratu mu 1988, Mendes adalepheretsa kukonza mitengoyo ndikukonzekeretsa. Mendes adapezanso chigamulo cha Da Silva chifukwa cha kupha munthu wina.
Chifukwa cha khama lake, Chico Mendes ndi banja lake anaopsezedwa ndi imfa nthawi zonse - mu 1988, Mendes mwiniyo ananeneratu kuti sadzakhala ndi Khirisimasi. Ndipo usiku wa December 22, 1988, Chico Mendes anawombera kuti afe ndi kuwombera mfuti imodzi kunja kwa banja lake. Mendes anali wotsutsa 19 kuti aphedwe ku Brazil chaka chomwecho.
Kuphedwa kwa Mendes kunachititsa kuti dziko lonse la Brazil likhale lopwetekedwa mtima, ndipo zotsatira zake zinapangitsa kuti Darly Alves da Silva, mwana wake Darly Alves da Silva Jr, agwire ndi kumutsimikizira.
Ndalama ya Chico Mendes
Chifukwa cha umphawi wa Mendes, boma la Brazil linasiya kugwira ntchito yopula mitengo ndi kupha nyama komanso kukhazikitsa mabungwe ambiri a zitsulo zamatabwa komanso malo osungirako zachilengedwe, kuphatikizapo wina wotchedwa Parque Chico Mendes. Bungwe la World Bank, lomwe lapereka ndalama zothandizira chitukuko ku rainforest, tsopano likugulitsa nkhokwe zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati minda yodula yamapiri.
Koma zonse sizili bwino m'nkhalango ya Brazil, ndi zambiri. Kuchotsa malire kumapitiriza, ndipo malinga ndi malipoti ena, kumenyana kumenyana mumapiri a pulasitiki ku Brazil kwawononga anthu okwana 1 000 miyoyo yawo kuyambira 1988. Ntchito yambiri ikufunika kuti ichitidwe pofuna kulemekeza cholowa cha Chico Mendes.