Mbalame ndi zazikulu, mbalame zodabwitsa, koma mbalame zambiri sizizindikira kuti azimayiwa amatha kuopsezedwa kwambiri kuti apulumuke. Pa mitundu 23 ya vulture padziko lonse lapansi , 14 mwazidzidzidzi ndizoopsezedwa kapena pangozi, ndipo popanda njira zoyenera zowonetsera, chiwerengero chawo chidzapitirirabe kuchepa. Kumvetsetsa zoopseza zomwe akukumana nazo ndi sitepe yoyamba kupeza njira zothandizira mimba.
Vulture Zopseza
Chifukwa mimba zimadya chitumbuwa , nthawi zambiri zimaganiza kuti ndizo "zonyansa zokhala ndi zinyalala" zomwe zingachititse kuti azidya zakudya zina ndipo zimakhala ndi zoopsa zochepa. Zoona zake, komabe ziphuphu ndi condors zimakhala ndi zoopseza zazikulu, kuphatikizapo:
- Poizoni : Mifupa imadya nyama zakufa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama, koma ziweto zazikulu monga ng'ombe, nthenda ndi nyama zofanana ndizo chakudya chawo chofala kwambiri. Ngati zinyama zidaipitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, herbicide, mankhwala kapena poizoni zina, ziwalo zingathe kukhudza kwambiri. Mthendayi ukhoza kuchitika chiweto chitatha - mankhwala ophera tizilombo pamtunda kumene nyama inafa kapena nyama yowononga mwadzidzidzi kupha makoswe - kapena ikhoza kupha imfa, monga kumwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ku India, mankhwala ambiri ndi mavitamini omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochitira ng'ombe awonetsetsa kuti amafa.
- Zitsogolere : Kuwotcha poizoni kunakhudza kwambiri mitundu yambiri ya chirombo ndipo ikupitirira kuopsa kwa mbalame monga California condor, imodzi mwa mbalame zoopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Pamene mlenje amagwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira koma amataya ziwalo za mbuzi popanda kuchotsa zidutswa zowonongeka, kapena ngati sichimasintha zinyama, zomwe zimatsogolera zingathe kudyedwa ndi mimba. Kutsogolera poizoni kumamangika m'magulu a mbalame ndipo kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa thanzi komwe kumayambitsa imfa yochepa, yowawa.
- Chizunzo : Mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi zikhulupiliro zokhudzana ndi nyongolotsi, monga mbalame zikupha imfa, kapena mwina anthu amakhulupirira kuti mbalamezo zimawopsyeza ziweto zabwino. Ngakhale nkhono zimateteza anthu kufa ndi kuthetsa mitembo yomwe ingakhale ndi matenda opatsirana ndipo sichitha kupha nyama zathanzi, anthu ambiri amadzasaka mbalame kapena kuwathamangitsa kuzipatala. Mbalamezi zingathenso kuthiridwa ngati zikhomo kapena malonda oletsedwa.
- Kuwonetsa Magalimoto : Mitsempha nthawi zambiri amadyetsa zinyama zomwe zaphedwa ndi magalimoto, koma pamene zimadya chakudya cham'mimba, zimakhala zochepetsetsa komanso zowopsya kuti zichotsedwe pamene magalimoto ena amayandikira. Madalaivala osasamala amapha mimba zambiri, zomwe zimangowonjezera mavuto monga mbalame zambiri zimayendera malo a mitembo kuti idyetse, ndipo mbalame zambiri zingaphedwe pamalo omwewo mu kanthawi kochepa chabe.
- Electrocution : Mitundu imakhala ndi mapiko a mapiko ambiri ndipo imauluka kwambiri, yomwe imapangitsa kuti iwo asathenso kugwedezeka ndi magetsi. Ngati mapiko awo amagwirizanitsa mawaya awiri mwakamodzi - zomwe zingathe kuchitika mosavuta monga nyongolotsi zambiri zimakhala ndi mapiko oposa mamita asanu m'litali - mbalame zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zowononga zimatha kuyambitsa moto kapena kutuluka kwa mphamvu.
- Njala : Lingaliro lakuti msewu umapha ndi mitembo ina yakhala yakuyambitsa makampu ambiri kuti asunge chilengedwe kukhala osadetsedwa ndi zonyansa zosagonjetsa, koma maganizo awa amaiwala kuti nyanga ndizokonzekera zachilengedwe. Pochotsa mitembo ndi kuichotsa m'mabotolo kapena zida zotsekedwa, mabala sangathe kudyetsa mosavuta, ndipo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera kufunafuna zakudya zina.
Mmene Mungathandizire
Mwamwayi, zingakhale zophweka kuthandiza mimba, ndipo njira zosavuta zingathetsere kufa kwa mbalame zopanda ntchito kapena kuvutika.
- Ngati mukusaka, pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamtundu uliwonse ngati n'kotheka, ndipo nthawi zonse mutenge zida zanu zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito m'malo mozisiya kumene mbalame zingathe kuzidya.
- Lembani pansi pamene mukuyendetsa pafupi ndi mbalame za pamsewu, kapena mutenge magalasi aakulu mu galimoto yanu kuti muthe kuyendetsa msewu kupita kutali ndi magalimoto oyendetsa.
- Gwiritsani ntchito magulu a zachilengedwe omwe akuyendetsa bwino njira zowononga mankhwala oopsa monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndikulimbikitseni osankhidwa anu kuti asamalire njira zochepetsera poizoni.
- Limbikitsani kampani yanu yowonjezera mphamvu kuti yowonjezera kuwonekera kwa magetsi ndi ma beacons ang'onoang'ono kapena mawu omveka omwe angathandize mbalame kuti zisagwedezeke, makamaka m'madera omwe ali ndi ziphuphu zambiri.
- Mapulogalamu othandizira odyetsa mbalame ndi zina zoteteza zogwirira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zopereka pogwiritsa ntchito mabungwe oyenera kapena kupereka opereka chithandizo.
- Kukondwerera Tsiku la Udzidzidzi wa Vulture Padziko lonse ndikuthandizira kufalitsa mawu okhudza momwe ziweto zofunikira, zosangalatsa komanso zachilengedwe zikhonza kukhalira kotero kuti ena azigwirizana nawo.
Mitsempha ndi yofunika kwambiri kuposa momwe anthu ambiri amazindikira, koma mbalamezi zimakhala ndi zoopseza zosiyanasiyana. Pozindikira kuopseza kwa miimba ndi zomwe mungachite kuti muwathandize, mungathe kusintha kusiyana kwa chilengedwe cha vulture.