Mbalame zambiri zomwe zimadziwika zimatchedwa Cassin, koma bwanji? John Cassin ndi dzina lodziwika bwino pambuyo pa mbalamezi, ndipo chikondi chake cha mbalame ndi kudzipatulira ku phunziro lawo chiri choyenerera ulemu wa kukhala ndi mitundu yochuluka yokhala ndi dzina lake.
Dzina : John Cassin
Kubadwa : September 6, 1813, Mzinda Waukulu Wapamwamba, Pennsylvannia, United States
Imfa : January 10, 1869, Philadelphia, United States
About John Cassin
Anakulira monga Quaker ndipo mmodzi mwa ana asanu ndi anai, John Cassin adayamba chidwi ndi chilengedwe ali mwana, ndipo chidwi chake chikanakhala chofunika kwambiri m'moyo wake wonse.
Iye anali wophunzira wabwino kwambiri, makamaka a sayansi, ndipo ngakhale mwana ali wamng'ono anali kulembera ndi kuwonjezera ku bukhu lake la botany. Pamene mbalame zinali chilakolako chake, adawonetsanso chidwi ndi tizilombo ndi zomera, ndipo mu 1833 anali mmodzi wa asanu omwe anayambitsa Delaware County Institute of Science, yomwe imaphatikizapo ziwonetsero za mchere komanso zowonongeka za mbalame .
Mu 1837, Cassin anakwatira Hanna Wright, ndipo padzakhala ana awiri, mwana wamkazi, Rachel, ndi mwana wamwamuna, William Isaac.
Pa moyo wake wachikulire, Cassin adagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo wamalonda, wojambula, wolemba, botanist, wofalitsa ndi wolemba mabuku . Iye ankawongolera mwatsatanetsatane, makamaka pakuyika zojambulazo, anamupanga kukhala katswiri wodziwa zomera, tizilombo ndi mbalame, ndipo malangizo ake nthawi zambiri amafunidwa. Mu 1842 adasankhidwa kukhala wodzitetezera ku Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, malo osapatsidwa ntchito kuti agwire ntchito mwakhama, kulongosola ndi kufotokozera zokolola za bungwe la mbalame zopitirira 25,000, panthawi yomwe amasonkhanitsidwa kwambiri padzikoli.
Cassin analemba zolemba zambiri za boma zokhudza mbalame zochokera ku maulendo osiyanasiyana, ndipo anafuna kufalitsa ntchito yake, Illustrations of the Birds of California, Texas, Oregon, British ndi Russian America mu 1856. Bukulo linalinganiziridwa ngati kufalikira kwakumadzulo kwa John James Audubon Mbalame za kumpoto kwa America , koma chifukwa cha chisokonezo chowonjezeka ndi kutha kwa Nkhondo Yachibadwidwe, buku loyamba la Cassin linafalitsidwa.
Cassin mwiniwakeyo ankatumikira ku Union Army pa nthawi ya nkhondo, ndipo anakhala m'ndende ya Confederate atagwidwa.
Cassin ankakonda kukhala m'munda kuti ayang'ane mbalame, makamaka kumatchera khutu , koma ankakhulupirira kuti zopereka zenizeni za sayansi ziyenera kupangidwa mwa kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane za zikopa ndi zitsanzo zosungidwa, zomwe zimatanthauzira mosamala kusiyana pakati pa mitundu. Iye sanatsutsane ndi zochitika za Audubon, ngakhale kuti amakhulupirira kuti awiriwa anakumana kamodzi kokha mu 1845. M'malo mwake, maganizo a Cassin anali pazodziwika bwino za sayansi ya mbalame komanso poyerekezera mbalame za North America ndi zozizwitsa padziko lonse lapansi. Maluso apadera ameneŵa anam'pangitsa kukhala woyamba woona za taxonomist ku North America. Anapitiriza kufufuza mpaka imfa yake m'chaka cha 1869, ndipo mwina imfa imakhalapo chifukwa cha zaka zambirimbiri zogwiritsa ntchito zikopa za mbalame zotetezedwa ndi poizoni. Iye ankadziŵa za zotsatira zoopsa za arsenic pa nthawi ya imfa yake, koma anasankha kupitiliza ntchito yake mpaka kumapeto, kudzipatulira moyenerera kumayenera ulemu waukulu pakati pa mbalame.
John Cassin anaikidwa m'manda ku Laurel Hill Manda, ku Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Zopereka kwa Mbalame
Ngakhale kuti sakanatha kugwira ntchitoyi monga mbalame zina zotchuka, zopereka za John Cassin zili zochititsa chidwi ndipo sizimakhudza kwambiri mapiri a North America okha, koma amatsenga ndi zoweta padziko lonse lapansi.
- Panthaŵi yake monga katswiri wa Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, Cassin anatchula mbalame za 198 zomwe sizinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi John James Audubon kapena Alexander Wilson. Ena mwa iwo anali amtengo wapatali, mtengo wa Heerman, mtengo wamtengo wapatali, mpheta yamphongo ndi wakuda wakuda.
- Cassin analemba zofalitsa zosiyanasiyana zolemba dera la avifauna ndikukonzekera deta kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti zikhale zochitika zambiri za mbalame. Anagwira ntchito kukonzanso, kusintha ndi kukonza malipoti ambiri omwe alipo, kuphatikizapo kufufuza kwa mbalame ku Africa, Canada, Mexico ndi South America.
- Mu 1842 Cassin ndiye anali woyamba kusonkhanitsa ndi kulembera fanizo la Philadelphia vireo, yomwe adayitcha malo omwe adasonkhanitsa mbalameyi, koma kenako adapeza kuti mbalamezi ndizo anthu othawira ku Pennsylvania okha.
- Mafanizo a Cassin a mbalame za California, Texas, Oregon, Britain ndi Russian America anali ntchito yaikulu yomwe siinali yowonongeka chabe ya mbalame, komanso idaphatikizapo deta yazinthu ndi zofunikira zokhudzana ndi maonekedwe awo.
- Delaware Valley Ornithological Club (yotchedwa 1890) inatchula magazini yake - Cassinia - polemekeza John Cassin.
Mbalame Zimatchedwa John Cassin
Ngakhale kuti Alexander Wilson ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina ya mbalame ya kumpoto kwa America ku North America, John Cassin ali ndi mitundu yambiri yambiri yotchedwa dzina lake padziko lonse lapansi. Maina ambiri amachokera ku ntchito yake yowonongeka yomwe imamupangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito dzina lake nthawi zambiri, makamaka mu dzina la sayansi, koma dzina lake ndi lodziwika bwino kwa mbalame padziko lonse lapansi.
Mitundu ya ku North America yotchedwa Cassin ikuphatikizapo:
- Cassin's Auklet ( Ptychoramphus aleuticus )
- Cassin's Finch ( Carpodacus cassinii )
- Kingbird wa Cassin ( Tyrannus vociferans )
- Mpheta ya Cassin ( Peucaea cassinii )
- Vireo wa Cassin ( Vireo cassinii )
Mitundu yowonjezera yotchedwa John Cassin ikuphatikizapo:
- Baudo Oropendola ( Psarocolius cassini ) - South America
- Mdima Wowawa- Malimbe ( Malimbus cassini ) - Africa
- Cassin's Gray Flycatcher ( Muscicapa cassini ) - Africa
- Cassin Hawk-Eagle ( Aquila africana ) - Africa
- Ng'ombe za Honey Cassin ( Prodotiscus insignis ) - Africa
- Cassin's Spinetail ( Neafrapus cassini ) - Africa
- Dusky-Faced Tanager ( Mitrospingus cassinii ) - Central ndi South America
- Horn Long (Long-Tailed Hornbill) ( Horizocerus cassini ) - Africa
- Wojambula Wagolide ( Veniliornis cassini ) - South America
- Nkhunda Yamphongo Yamphongo ( Leptotila cassinii ) - Central America
Chithunzi - Cassin's Finch © PEHart