Matayala opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, komanso madalitso ochuluka
Ngati tayala lokonzanso ntchito likuwoneka ngati losavuta, ganizirani mamiliyoni a matayala padziko lonse omwe akhala mu malo opanda kanthu, kumbuyo kwa mabwalo ndi mabedi a mtsinje. Vuto ndilokuti chinthu chomwe timakonda mu matayala - kumanga kolimba, kokhazikika - kumawapangitsa kukhala kovuta kubwezeretsa.
Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti matayala sangathe kubwezeretsedwanso, ndipo mamiliyoni a iwo ali chaka chilichonse. Ndi nkhani yokha yogwiritsira ntchito matayala akale, ndi kuwafikitsa ku tayala yokonzanso.
Mwamwayi, luso lamakono lafika patsogolo kwambiri moti matayala angathe tsopano kupindulitsidwa mobwerezabwereza mu zinthu zambiri zothandiza.
Mavuto ndi matawi
Matayala omwe amangotayidwa kunja ndi vuto lalikulu la chilengedwe . Kuchuluka kwa matayala omwe amatayidwa chaka chilichonse - matayala pafupifupi 300 miliyoni ku United States okha - amateteza mosavuta.
Matayala otayidwa ndi malo okonzera kusungira udzudzu ndi zinyama zina zonyamula ziweto chifukwa mawonekedwe awo osakanikirana amakhala ndi madzi kwa nthawi yaitali. Ngati matayala agwiritsidwa ntchito, ma tayala amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja, zomwe zimapangitsa utsi wakuda wakuda womwe uli ndi mankhwala oopsa (chifukwa cha mafuta ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matayala).
Matayala ali ndi vuto m'mabwinja: Zojambula zawo zosakanikirana, zimakhala ndi zofunikira pamabwinja. Kuwonjezera apo, matayala nthawi zambiri samakhala m'manda - ali ndi chizoloŵezi choipa chotsekemera mpweya monga methane ndiyeno "akung'ung'uza" pogwiritsa ntchito malo osungiramo katundu, akung'ambika pamagetsi.
Kodi Mataya Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Bwanji?
Turo kubwezeretsanso ndi kugwiritsanso ntchito zasintha kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwapa, makamaka chifukwa cha malamulo a zachilengedwe ndi mbali zina chifukwa cha mateknoloji atsopano omwe apanga ntchito zatsopano za matayala akale.
Akatswiri a zomangamanga makamaka apeza ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamatayala akale. Amagwiritsa ntchito matayala popanga makankments a pamsewu ndi kudzaza pamunsi; Zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati njira yochepetsetsa ya njanji.
Dothi lopangira tayala limagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati msewu kapena zipangizo zogwirira ntchito pophatikizidwa ndi asphalt kapena konkire.
Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake chododometsa, matayala opaka nsalu amapanga chivundikiro chothandiza kuti malo ochitira masewera otetezeka awonetseke, komanso ngati zinthu zoyendetsera masewera ndi masewera ena othamanga. Ndipo kupirira kwa matayala kumawapangitsa kukhala okonzeka kuti agwiritsenso ntchito monga bumpers ya dock, msewu wa kumsewu, kupopera msewu ndi kukwera - ngakhale kuphulika kwapiringu ndi bumpers kuwonongeka kwa msewu kungapangidwe ndi matayala akale.
Chifukwa mafuta ndi mphira amawotcha bwino, matayala omwe amawotcha amatenthedwa ngati mafuta m'mafakitale ena. Mafuta otengedwa ndi Turo, kapena TDF, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale amkati ndi mapepala, maolivi amenti, magetsi ndi zipangizo zina. EPA yanena kuti "mpweya wochokera ku mafuta opangidwa ndi tayala nthawi zambiri umakhala wochepa kwambiri ndipo umakhala wofanana kwambiri ndi mpweya wochokera ku mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kale," ngati moto umawoneka bwino.
Palinso mitundu yambiri yogwiritsira ntchito ma makale akale. Turo yolowa, nsapato, okonza mapindu , mipando ndi zojambula zonse zakhala zikupangidwa kuchokera ku matayala ang'onoang'ono.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Turo: Mwa Numeri
Malingana ndi EPA ndi Rubber Manufacturers Association, matayala pafupifupi 290 miliyoni amatayidwa ku United States chaka chilichonse.
Pa 80 peresenti ya izi (matayala pafupifupi 233 miliyoni) amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kapena kubwezeretsedwanso mwanjira ina. Chaka chilichonse amagwiritsa ntchito matayala okwana 130 miliyoni monga mafuta ochokera ku tayala (TDF), zomwe zimachititsa kuti TDF isagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri pa matayala akale.
Matayala akale oposa 16 miliyoni amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mobwerezabwereza, monga, pamene mphira yatsopano imapangidwira pa tayala yakale. Kubwezeretsa matayala kumagwiritsa ntchito mafuta pang'ono ndi zinthu zina kuposa momwe amagwiritsira ntchito popanga tayala latsopano. Matayala pafupifupi 56 miliyoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ntchito zomangamanga monga zomangamanga ndi njira zina zamagetsi zomwe tatchula pamwambapa.
Mmene Mungakonzitsire Matayala
Ambiri a galimoto amayendetsa matayala awo akale kumalo osungirako ntchito kapena malo ena omwe amavomereza matayala akale pamene mwiniwake akugula matayala atsopano. Kuonjezerapo, maboma ena amathandizira mapulogalamu oyang'anira mapepala, kulandira matayala akale ndi "palibe mafunso omwe amafunsidwa."
Zomwe zimapangidwira zachilengedwe zowononga matayala ndizoonetsetsa kuti matayala anu azikhala bwino kwa nthawi yaitali. Tsatirani machitidwe abwino, kukonza galimoto pamtunda monga kusunga matayala bwino, kusinthasintha matayala anu, kusinthitsa magudumu anu, ndi kuyika magudumu anu ngati pakufunikira.