Kufotokozera
Maluwa a nsabwe za m'masamba, omwe amadziwikanso ngati nsabwe zachitsamba, amaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana mumtsinje wa Aphidoidea . Nsabwe za m'masamba ndizochepa kwambiri - pafupifupi 1/10 pa inchi yaitali. Mitundu yowoneka bwino ndi yobiriwira ndi yakuda, ngakhale bulauni, bulauni-bulauni, ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhala m'madera ena a dziko. Zili ndizitali ziwiri, zokhala ndi mitsempha pa mchira mapeto a thupi lawo.
Mayendedwe amoyo
Mazira a aphid akuwongolera zomera, kenaka amathamanga ngati nymphs m'chaka.
Nymphs awa amatulutsa mazira osakanikirana, kupanga ma nymphs ambiri omwe amakula kufikira msinkhu umodzi wokha. Kenaka, kugwa kwa nymphs kudzaika mazira omwe ali ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Amunawa amatha kukwatirana ndi nymphs kuti apange mazira omwe adzawongolera ndi kuyambitsa nsabwe za m'tsogolo. Nsabwe za m'masamba okhwima amakhala ndi mazira atatu kapena asanu ndi limodzi pa tsiku. Kuthamanga kofulumira kwa abambo okhudzidwa pa nthawi ya kukula ndikomene kumapangitsa kuti matenda obwera mofulumira komanso ofala kwambiri azidziwika bwino kwa wamaluwa ambiri.
Zizindikiro za Kuphika kwa Aphid
Nsabwe za m'masamba zimayamwa kutaya kuchokera ku zomera zimatuluka ndi masamba pogwiritsira ntchito milomo, kumayira masamba ndi mathala awo pamene akutero. Zowonongeka kwa zomera ndi ziwiri: kumwa mowa kumatha kufooketsa mbewu, ndipo kulandira mankhwalawo kungathe kufalitsa matenda a zomera. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, nsabwe za m'masamba zimaphatikizapo zowonongeka, zomwe zimatchedwa "mame a uchi" omwe amachititsa kuti chitukuko chikhale cholimba.
Kuwombera kumakhala kosaoneka ndipo kumapangitsa kuti zomera zitha kuwonetsa.
Chifukwa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zazing'ono kwambiri, nthawizina chizindikiro choyamba chomwe chachikulu chakumana ndi chifukwatu chikudikira ndi chizindikiro cha nyerere zambiri pa zomera zako. Kusungunuka kwa uchi kumapindulitsa kwambiri ngati chakudya cha nyerere, kotero mukamawona nyerere zambiri pa zomera, pali mwayi wambiri woti nsabwe za m'masamba zikhalepo.
Zotsatira pa Zomera Zamaluwa
Nsabwe za m'masamba zikhoza kufooketsa chomera, kuchepetsa kukula kwake, kumayambitsa masamba kuti azipopera kapena kuyesetsa, ndi kuchepetsa zipatso kapena kupanga maluwa. Kawirikawiri, mawonekedwe a anemic ambiri kwa zomera zanu pamene kulibe kusowa kwa madzi kapena chifukwa china chodziwikiratu chidzatsimikizira kuti nsabwe za m'masamba ndizolakwa.
Organic Controls kwa Nsabwe za M'masamba
Pali njira zambiri zosagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kuti zithetse kapena kuchepetsa aphid infestations.
- Nthawi zina, kuthamanga kwa madzi kuchokera ku payipi kudzagwedeza nsabwe za m'masamba kuchokera ku chomera ndi kuthetsa vutoli.
- Ngati mukukopa kapena kugula tizilombo tomwe timapindula, monga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizitsuka nsabwe za m'masamba. Pachifukwa ichi, mankhwala ochepa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda amatha kuchepetsa kukula kwa aphid infestations. Mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo imayesetsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizisokoneza. Kupaka timbewu tonunkhira, fennel, katsabola, yarrow ndi dandelions zidzakopera nyamazi ku munda wanu. Nyerere ndizowonongeka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, choncho mungafunikire kuchepetsa nyerere kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu zowasaka.
- Zomera zimatha kupiritsidwa ndi sopo , kapena tsamba lopangidwa ndi phwetekere kapena adyo kuti aphe nsabwe za m'masamba, koma ayenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pamene infestation ikuwonekera.
Mitundu ina ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda yochokera ku bowa imadziwika kuti ikuphika nsabwe za m'masamba.
Ngati Mukugwiritsa Ntchito Njira Zamakono
Nsabwe za m'masamba zimangowonongeka mosavuta ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, koma chifukwa zimakhala zosavuta kwambiri ndipo zidzasintha mosavuta, wamaluwa omwe amayesa kudalira mankhwala nthawi zambiri amapeza kuti mavuto awo akuwonjezereka m'kupita kwanthawi, monga mankhwala ayenera kuyanjidwa nthawi zambiri komanso kuwononga mitundu ya tizilombo towononga ndi kukhumudwitsa nyama zina zamatsenga, monga mbalame zodyetsa tizilombo.
Ambiri amaluwa amapeza kuti njira yovomerezeka ya pest management (IPM) yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ulimi wamalonda ndiyo njira yabwino yopitira kunyumba. Pansi pa filosofi imeneyi, mbewu zina zimawonongeka ngati mtengo umene amalipirako miyambo yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa komwe mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo ilipo imateteza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiwonongeke.
Pambuyo pake, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo tochepa kumathandiza kuti tipeze munda wathanzi, ngakhale kuti tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tingathe kuwonongeka.