01 a 03
Kodi Tomato Yoyambira Bwino N'chiyani?
Mitsempha yambiri m'mayambiriro oyambirira omwe amawonongeka amawonekera popanda lens. Chithunzi: University of Clemson - USDA Cooperative Extension Slide Series, Bugwood.org Mavuto oyambirira ndi matenda omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha bowa Alternaria solani. Zitha kukhudza pafupifupi mbali zonse za zomera za phwetekere, kuphatikizapo masamba, zimayambira, ndi zipatso. Mitengoyi imatha kufa, koma idzafooka ndipo idzakhala yochepa kwambiri kuposa tomato. Zovuta zoyambirira zimayambitsa zakulira zomera, koma zikhoza kuchitika pa mbande. Mitengo yolemetsa kapena zomera zofooka zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Zovuta zoyambirira ndizovuta ndi mbatata.
Matenda oyambirira ndi ovuta omwe angayambane nawo, koma musasokoneze ndi vuto lochedwa kwambiri lomwe limatha kuchepetsa zomera za phwetekere ndi kufalikira kwa mailosi.
Chimene Chimachititsa Choyambitsa Choyambirira
Mafangayi oyambirira amatha kubwera kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri. Zitha kukhala m'nthaka, zikhoza kukhala za mbewu kapena mbande zomwe mumagula, zimatha kuzizira-nthawi yozizira m'matenda anu a tomato ndipo ikhoza kupitilira nthaka kapena zinyalala kwa zaka zosachepera chaka chimodzi. Ngakhale vuto loyambirira likhoza kuchitika mumtundu uliwonse wa nyengo, imakhala ndi mvula yamvula, monga mvula kawirikawiri kapena ngakhale mvula yambiri. Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mupeze zithunzi zambiri komanso zizindikiro za zizindikiro zoyambirira za vutoli.
02 a 03
Zizindikiro za Kuyambira Kwambiri pa Tomato
Mawanga pa zimayambira izi ayamba kale kukulitsa ndi kuzungulira zimayambira. Chithunzi: Robert Wick, University of Massachusetts, Bugwood.org Mavuto oyambirira nthawi zina amasokonezeka ndi malo a tsamba la Septoria . Onsewo amapanga mawanga pamasamba, omwe amatha kukhala achikasu ndi kufa, koma Septoria imapanganso matupi a fruiting omwe amawoneka ngati tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timachokera ku mawanga.
Zomera Zakale: Mawanga a mdima ndi mphete zowonjezera zimayamba pa masamba akale poyamba. Dera lozungulira lomwelo likhoza kukhala lokasu. Masamba okhudzidwa amatha kufa msanga, kuwonetsa zipatso ku dzuwa scald.
Ziphuphu zakuda pa zimayambira zimayamba pang'ono ndi zochepa. Pamene iwo akukula, iwo amagawana ndipo mudzayamba kuwona zolemba zazikulu ngati mawanga pa masamba. Mawanga omwe amapanga pafupi ndi nthaka angapangitse ena kumanga tsinde kapena kolala. Zomera zimatha kupulumuka, koma sizidzakula kapena kubweretsa tomato ambiri.
Zipatso za phwetekere: Ngati chotupa choyambirira chikafika pa zipatso, mawanga adzayamba kumapeto kwa tsinde, kupanga dera lakuda, lachikopa, lopanda dzuwa lomwe lili ndi mphete zakuya. Nsomba zonse zobiriwira ndi zobiriwira zingakhudzidwe.
Pa mbande: Mbewu zogwira zimakhala ndi mdima pa masamba awo ndipo zimayambira. Angakhale ngakhale matendawa pamasamba awo a cotyledon. Zimayambira nthawi zambiri zimawombera.
Zovuta zoyambirira zimakhala zovuta kumenya nkhondo, koma pali njira zina zoyenera kuzilamulira komanso mitundu ina ya tomato yosagonjetsedwa, monga momwe tafotokozera patsamba lotsatira.
03 a 03
Kusamalira ndi Kulamulira Kuyambira Kwambiri kwa Tomato
Mawanga omwe amapezeka pa tomato amawachititsa kuti zomera zisawonongeke komanso zowonongeka zidzabala zipatso zochepa. Chithunzi: Yuan-Min Shen, Taichung Kafukufuku Wachipatala wa Zachipatala, ndi Bugwood.org Mndandanda pansi pa tsambali ndi mitundu ya tomato yomwe imatsutsa zovuta zoyambirira, ngakhale kuti palibe amene amatha kuzipewa. Mudzasowa kutsatira malangizo otsala. Mavuto oyambirira ndi vuto lalikulu la zomera za phwetekere ndipo simungakhoze kuzipewa kwathunthu, koma izi zingakuthandizeni kuti muzisunga.
- Mbewu Yotsimikiziridwa - Gulani mbewu ndi mbande kuchokera ku magwero olemekezeka ndikuyendera zomera zonse musanaziike m'munda wanu.
- Kuthamanga kwa Mlengalenga - Perekani malo ambiri kwa zomera. Kutuluka kwa mpweya wabwino kumathandiza kuti zomera ziume.
- Zamagetsi - Zisungani matabwa pa zomera zanu, makamaka nyengo yamvula kapena ngati mbeu yanu ikugwedezeka. Ngati muwona zizindikiro za blight pa chomera chimodzi, kuchotsa chomera ndicho njira yanu yabwino. Mkuwa ndi / kapena sulfure sprays ndi biofungicide Serenade® ikhoza kuchepetsa kapena kuteteza patsogolo fungus pa otsala zomera.
- Munda Kusungidwa - Kuyambira nthawi yozizira kwambiri kumatha nthawi yozizira pa zowonongeka zazomera ndi m'nthaka, kuyera ndi kofunikira. Matenda ambiri a phwetekere amatha kulowa mumunda wanu mwanjira imeneyi, ndi zopusa kuti musamatsitsire masamba onse kumapeto kwa nyengo.
- Sinthasintha Zipatso - Ngati muli ndi vuto loyambitsa choyambirira, pitani kwinakwake kudzala tomato wanu chaka chatha, ngakhale chiri muzitsulo.
Mitundu ya phwetekere ndi Kukaniza Kwambiri Kuyambira Kwambiri
Azakhali a Ginny a Purple - Heirloom, indeterminate, beefsteak (16 oz.)
Utawaleza Wachifumu - Wowonjezera, wodabwitsa, wa mtundu wa beefsteak (16 oz.)
Black Plum - Wodala, wodetsedwa, maula (2 mkati.)
Juliet - Zophatikiza, indeterminate, chitumbuwa (1 ounce)
Lembali - Wotsegula mungu, determinate, beefsteak (14-16 ounces)
Manyel - Mchere wambiri, wosadetsedwa, wachizungu (ma ola 8-10)
Matt's Wild Cherry - Wachiritsi, indeterminate, chitumbuwa (1/2 inchi)
Wapamwamba Mapiri - Zophatikiza, determinate, globe (6-8 oz.)
Mtsinje Watsopano - Wophatikiza, wotchuka, globe (12 ounces)
Old Brooks - Heirloom, indeterminate, globe (ma ola 6-8)
Tigerella (aka Bambo Stripey) - Odwala, Okhazikika, padziko lonse lapansi (4-6 oz.)
Tommy Toe - Heirloom, indeterminate, chitumbuwa (1 inchi)Werengani za mavuto ambiri a phwetekere:
Zotsatira:
- Kuzindikira Matenda a Masamba, ndi MacNab, Sherf ndi Springer, Penn State, 1983
- Kutentha kwa phwetekere