Mbalame Zosauluka - N'chifukwa Chiyani Mbalame Siziuluka?

Lingaliro la kuthawa likugwirizana kwambiri ndi mbalame, koma mbalame siziuluka. M'malo mwake, mbalame zina zimapanga njira zina zozungulira ndipo sizifunikira mapiko awo, ndipo mbalame zopanda mbalame zimakondweretsa mbalame ndi osakhala mbalame mofanana.

N'chifukwa Chiyani Sitikuthawa?

Mbalame zimauluka kuti zipeze chakudya, zimakhala ndi nyengo zosiyana, zimatha kuthawa, zimakhala ndi malo otetezeka odyera komanso zimakondweretsa okwatirana , nanga n'chifukwa chiyani mbalame iliyonse imatha kuthawa?

Kumalo kumene mbalame zilibe nyama zakutchire, zimadalira zakudya monga zipatso kapena nsomba , sizikusowa kuti zisamuke ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zina pofuna kutetezera ndi kukondana, kuthawa sikofunika kwambiri.

Mbalame zopanda mbalame zimakhalabe ndi mapiko, koma mapiko awo amakhala ochepa kapena osachepera kwambiri kuposa mbalame zomwe zimuluka. Maonekedwe a nthenga angakhale osiyana, monga kuyang'ana kutentha ngati ubweya kapena kukhala wochepa ndi ophatikizana kuti asungunuke pamene akusambira. Mbalame zomwe siziuluka nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mapiko ang'onoang'ono kapena mafupa angapangidwe palimodzi, kupanga mapikowo mochepa kusiyana ndi momwe akufunira kuti apite. Mbalame zambiri zopanda mbalame zimasowa khungu la pachifuwa, mbali ya fupa yomwe imamatira ku minofu yothamanga.

Kuti mbalamezi zisamakhale ndi mapiko, nthawi zambiri zimakula bwino, miyendo yamphamvu kwambiri yothamanga, mapazi apadera osambira kapena zina zomwe zimawathandiza kukhala ndi moyo kumalo awo okhala.

Mapiko awo akhoza kukhalanso ndi ntchito zosiyana, monga kusokoneza mapulotechete akusambira, kuthandiza kuwongolera kapena kuchita zinthu ngati mabasi kapena ziphuphu za othamanga. Nyama zina zopanda ndege, monga kakapo ndi kiwi, zasintha ngakhale kutentha kokhala ndi zowononga zowonongeka kapena kuthandizira okwatirana.

Mbalame zopanda mbalame zimapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, ngakhale kuti mitundu yambiri yopanda ndege ili ku New Zealand. Kufikira kufika kwa anthu pachilumba cha New Zealand zaka 1,000 zapitazo, kunalibe ziweto zazikulu m'deralo. Kulephera kwa ziwetozi, kuphatikizapo malo osiyana siyana ndi zachilengedwe, zinali zothandiza kuti mbalame zisasinthe.

Kuopsa Kopanda Ndege

Mbalame zopanda ndege zimawopsezedwa zambiri zomwe zingakhale zoopsa kwa iwo kusiyana ndi mbalame zouluka. Zilombo zowononga monga amphaka ndi makoswe zimatha mbalame zopanda ndege mosavuta, kuphatikizapo zisa. Mbalame zomwe siziuluka zimawopsya, misampha ndi zowopsya zina monga malita , kuipitsa kapena nsomba. Chifukwa chakuti sangathe kuuluka pamtunda watsopano, kuwonongeka kwa malo amakhalanso koopsya kwa mbalame zomwe sizili mbalame.

Masiku ano, zoposa 50 peresenti ya mbalame zopanda ndege zimaonedwa kuti zimaopsezedwa kapena zowonongeka, 20 peresenti yowonjezera ili pangozi ndipo ina imatha ngakhale kuthengo. Choncho, zoposa 80 peresenti ya mbalamezi zili ndi tsogolo lalikulu komanso losatsimikizika. Nyama zambiri zopanda ndege zatha kale, monga moa, tsekwe la New Zealand, Jamaican ibis, sitima ya ku Hawaii, auk, dodo, ndi ena ambiri.

Zida zowonongeka ndizofunikira kuti muteteze nambala yotsalayo ya mitundu yosiyana siyana.

Mndandanda wa mbalame zopanda ndege

Pali mitundu pafupifupi 57 ya mbalame zopanda kuthawa, ngakhale zowerengera zenizeni zingathe kusiyana malinga ndi magawo omwe amagawidwa. Ngakhale anthu ambiri amatha kutchula mitundu yochepa, mbalame zopanda ndege nthawi zambiri zimadabwa.

* - Olembedwa ngati oopsezedwa kapena oopsya chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa anthu ndikuwonjezeka kuopsezedwa
** - Kuwoneka ngati pangozi komanso pangozi yoopsa ngati kutha kusasinthika

Zowopsya komanso zoopsa zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndi BirdLife International.

Masititi

• Nthiwatiwa Yamodzi ( Struthio kamelus )
• Emu ( Dromaius novaehollandiae )
• * Cassowary Wam'madzi ( Casuarius bennetti )
• * Northern Cassowary ( Casuarius unappendiculatus )

• * Southern Cassowary ( Casuarius casuarius )
• * Chiwi chachikulu ( Apteryx haastii )
• * Kiwi yaing'ono ( Apteryx owenii )
• ** Northern Brown Kiwi ( Apteryx mantelli )
• * Kumwera kwa Kiwi Brown ( Apteryx australis )
• * Greater Rhea ( Rhea americana )
• * Pang'ono ndi Rhea ( Rhea pennata )

Madzi akumadzi

• * Mtsinje wa Auckland ( Anas aucklandica )
• ** Chida cha Campbell ( Anas nesiotis )
• Falkland Steamerduck ( Tachyeres brachypterus )
• Ndege yopanda mphamvu yotchedwa Steamerduck ( Tachyeres pteneres )
• * White-headed Steamerduck ( Tachyeres leucocephalus )

Achirebe

• ** Junin Grebe ( Podiceps taczanowskii )
• ** Titicaca Grebe ( Rollandia microptera )

Cormorants

• * Flightless Cormorant ( Phalacrocorax harrisi )

Penguin

Ma penguin onse satha. Onani mndandanda wa mitundu yonse ya penguin kuti mukhale ndi mayina odzaza ndi kuopseza kapena kuika pangozi, komanso kudziwa zambiri za mbalamezi.

Miyendo

• * Calayan Rail ( Gallirallus calayanensis )
• Giant Coot ( Fulica gigantea ) (akuluakulu okha; mbalame zazing'ono zimatha kuwuluka)
• * Gough Moorhen ( Gallinula nesiotis )
• ** Guam Rail ( Gallirallus owstoni ) - Kutha Kumtunda
• * Henderson Crake ( Porzana atra )
• * Sitima Yopezeka ( Atlantisia rogersi )
• * Invisible Rail ( Habroptila wallacii )
• ** Ambuye Howe Woodhen ( Gallirallus sylvestris )
• ** Makira Moorhen ( Gallinula silvestris )
• * New Britain Rail ( Gallirallus insignis )
• ** New Caledonian Rail ( Gallirallus lafresnayanus )
• * Sitima Yopanda Ndege ya New Guinea ( Megacrex inepta )
• ** Railway ya Okinawa ( Gallirallus okinawae )
• * Roviana Rail ( Gallirallus rovianae )
• ** Moorhen wa ku Samoan ( Gallinula pacifica )
• * Njanji Yamoto ( Aramidopsis plateni )
• ** Takahe ( Porphyrio hochstetteri )
• Tasmanian Native-hen ( Gallinula mortierii )
• * Weka ( Gallirallus australis )
• * Woodford's Rail ( Nesoclopeus woodfordi )

Parrots

• ** Kakapo ( Strigops habroptila )

Zindikirani Zokhudza Mbalame Zazikulu

Ng'ombe zambiri monga nkhuku, abakha ndi nkhuku zakhala zikuwuluka kuti zisamakhale zosavuta kuzikweza kuti zikhale zokolola. Mwinanso, iwo akhoza kukhala ndi mapiko awo atadulidwa ngati njira yowonetsera kuti asamawuluke ali mu ukapolo, monga mbalame zazing'ono zikhoza kukhalira mapiko awo. Makolo awo achilengedwe, komabe - ntchentche zakutchire , mallard ndi red junglefowl - zonsezi zimagwira ntchito.

Chifukwa chakuti mitundu ya mbalame zoweta sizipezeka pakati pa mitundu ya mbalame pafupifupi 10,000 padziko lapansi, ndipo chifukwa chakuti alibe kusowa kwa mbalame kudzera mwa njira zopangira, mbalamezi sizingathenso kuthawa.

Mbalame zopanda mbalame ndi mitundu yochititsa chidwi, yodabwitsa yomwe imayenera-ndi kufuna - chitetezero chachikulu kuti asunge moyo wawo. Mbalame zomwe zimatha kudziwa mavuto a mbalamezi zimatha kuthandizira kuti zisamayende bwino kuti mbalamezi zizikhala bwino pansi.