Meleagris gallopavo
Mmodzi mwa mbalame zazikulu kwambiri zamasewera , nkhuku zakutchire zimapezeka ku North America koma abambo ake omwe amawadyera amadziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Chodziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha kusaka kuti nthawi ina inali pafupi kutha, kuyang'anira mosamalitsa kuli ndi mitundu yobiriwira yomwe ikukulirakulira lerolino ndipo yakhala ikuwonjezera kutalika kwa mbalame kuposa malire ake akale .
Dzina Loyamba: Dziko la Turkey, Turkey, Gobbler
Dzina la sayansi: Meleagris gallopavo
Scientific Family: Phasianidae
Kuwonekera ndi Kudziwika
Nyama zakutchire ndi mbalame yosaoneka bwino komanso yodziwika bwino, ndipo ngakhale osakhala mbalame amatha kuzindikira mbalamezi bwino. Kudziwa zofunikira pamtundu wa zinyama, komabe, zingathandize mbalame kudziwa zambiri za nkhuku zakutchire komanso momwe mungazizindikire bwino.
- Bill : Wamfupi ndi wakuda, wotumbululuka ndi khungu lofiira ( snood ) pamwamba
- Kukula kwake : 35-50 mainchesi yaitali ndi mapiko a masentimita 55, thupi lozungulira lonse, miyendo yaitali, khosi lalitali
- Colours : Pinki, buluu, yofiira, yoyera, yofiirira, yotsekemera, imvi, yakuda, yamala
- Zizindikiro : Amuna ali ndi mutu wopanda mutu ndipo khosi liri ndi zida zofiira. Thupi liri lonse la grayish ndi lakuda bwino kwambiri, ndi nyemba zoyera pa nthenga zazikulu . Mtengowo wosiyana ndi mchira umakhala wofiirira komanso wakuda wothandizidwa ndi magulu a mchira uliwonse, ndipo nkhono zimakhala ndi nthenga za mdima. Mayi ali ang'onoting'ono ndi mazira ochepa kwambiri, mchira waung'ono ndi mapiri ang'onoang'ono a khosi. Amuna amapezanso nthenga za "ndevu," ngakhale kuti ndevu zazing'ono zimapezeka pa nkhuku zazing'ono. Kwa anyamata onse, miyendo ndi mapazi ndi zotumbululuka ndipo maso ndi amdima. Malingana ndi maganizo a mbalame ndi maganizo ake , mutu ukhoza kusintha mtundu wofiira kapena wobiriwira kuti ukhale wofiira kapena wofiira. Mbalame zazing'ono zimafanana ndi anthu akuluakulu koma ndi zolemba zochepa komanso kukula kwake.
Zakudya, Zakudya ndi Zochita
Zilombo zakutchire zimadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana , monga tizilombo, achule, abuluzi, zipatso, tirigu, mbewu ndi mtedza. Mbalamezi zimatha kutuluka m'matope kuti akapeze chakudya komanso kudula zakudya zosiyanasiyana.
Habita ndi Kusamukira
Mbalame zamtchire zimakhala zofala kwambiri ku United States ndi pakati pa Mexico koma sizimapezeka m'mapiri a Rocky komanso m'malo opululu komanso kumpoto kwa Minnesota, North Dakota ndi Montana.
Zonsezi, mbalamezi zimakhala zachilendo kumadera akummawa. Mitundu ya nkhuku imakonda kutsegula matabwa ndi malo okhala kumidzi ndi mitengo yokwera ndi zitsamba. Zilombo zakutchire sizimasamuka, koma zimatha kukhala osasunthika, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, malingana ndi kupezeka kwa chakudya.
Zolemba
Chiyero chosiyana kwambiri cha nkhuku zakutchire ndizogwiritsira ntchito "gobble-gobble-gobble" abambo akugwiritsa ntchito nthawi ya kuswana. Kuimbira kwina kwa amuna ndi akazi kumaphatikizapo mawu akuti "cluck" ndi "yelp" akuwonekera kuti asonyeze kayendetsedwe kake kapena chisa.
Makhalidwe
Mbalame zakutchire ndi mbalame zowonongeka ndipo zimakhala m'magulu akuluakulu ndi akuluakulu omwe ali ndi "tom" wamkulu kwambiri komanso amphongo 20 kapena kuposa. Amamera nthawi zonse pansi koma amakhala mumtambo usiku. Pa nyengo yoperekera, amuna amamenya ndi kuwonetsa nthenga zawo zazikulu kuti azichita chibwenzi ndi kugwiritsira ntchito makhalidwe omwewo chaka chonse kuti asonyeze kulamulira kapena kuchitira nkhanza, makamaka pamene amuna ambiri ali pafupi.
Kubalana
Mbalame zakutchire ndi mitala ndipo zimakhala ndi nkhuku zingapo chaka chomwecho. Nkhumba zimatengera ana asanu ndi atatu (8-18) pachaka mu chisa chachonde mu udzu wamtali kapena pobisa zitsamba kapena zitsamba kwa masiku pafupifupi 27.
Mazira ndi mtundu wofiira kapena wonyezimira, ndipo akhoza kupukutidwa ndi madontho ofiira kapena ofiira kumapeto. Pambuyo pakutha, akazi amachititsa mbalamezi kuti zidye ndipo mbalame zazing'ono zimaphunzira kudzilima. Mwa mbalame zazing'ono, akazi amatchedwa jennies ndi amuna amatchedwa jakes .
Kuwotchedwa Turkeys Wachilengedwe
Mbalame zakutchire ndi mbalame zazikulu zamasewera zomwe siziwopa kwambiri kwazilombo zambiri. Iwo adzakopeka kumadera akumidzi ndi mitengo ya mitengo ya oak komanso brush brush yomwe ingapereke chivundikiro cholimba. Mbalame zimatha kupereka chimanga ndi mbewu zina monga chakudya chowonjezera ndipo zimatha kukopa nkhuku zakutchire zakutchire. Anthu okonda mbalame kumbuyo amadziwa kuti tizilombo zakutchire zingakhale zachiwawa ndipo zimakhala ndi chilakolako chachikulu, ndipo sizilandiridwa m'madera ambiri. Ena amati ali ndi malamulo oletsa kudyetsa nkhuku zakutchire chifukwa zochita zimenezi zingapangitse nyengo zosaka zowonongeka.
Kusungirako
Nyama zazing'onoting'ono zakutchire sizikuwopsedwa ngati zowopsya kapena zoopsya, ndipo nyengo zakusaka zowonongeka zathandizira kukhazikitsa anthu otetezeka m'madera ambiri. M'madera ena, nkhumba zazing'onoting'ono zimawoneka ngati zovuta chifukwa ziweto zazikulu zimatha kukula ndipo mbalame zikhoza kuwononga katundu pamene zikukuta. Pazifukwa izi, akuluakulu a boma angayesetse kusunthira mbalamezo ngati zikufunikira. M'madera awo okhala, kusunga chakudya choyenera ndi malo otetezera malo ndizofunikira kuti zithandizidwe bwino.
Mbalame zofanana
- Ocellated Turkey ( Meleagris ocellata )
- Greater Prairie-Chicken ( Tympanuchus cupido )
- Buluu la Buluu ( Dendragapus obscurus )
- Mphepo Yamphongo ( Phasianus colchicus )
- Indian Peafowl ( Pavo cristatus )