Buku Lopanda Kudzikonda
Inu mukuti mukufuna kuti muphunzire momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ndondomeko za malo, koma mukuwopsezedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito yotereyi? Chabwino, sindidzanama kwa inu: kukonza mapulani a maluso ndizofunika kwambiri. Ndiponsotu, sizomwe ziliri zokha zomwe ofuna opanga amapita kusukulu kuti adziwe momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mapulani.
Koma funso limodzi lomwe muyenera kudzifunsa nthawi yomweyo ndi ili: Kodi polojekitiyi yomwe mukukambirana ikufunikanso mwatsatanetsatane, mwinanso ngakhale mapulani a malo abwino?
Ngati mukungoyambitsa bedi latsopano lodzala - lankhulani mmphepete mwachindunji yomwe idzachita ngati chithunzi chachinsinsi - ndiye simukusowa ndondomeko yowonekera. Chithunzi chophweka chidzakhala choyenera pa zosowa zanu. Zithunzi zosavutazi zingasinthidwe ndi kuwonjezerapo miyeso yolondola, kotero kuti mutha kupeza zofunikira zanu zazomwe mukulima.
Ndiye ndi liti pamene mukufunadi kumaliza, mwatsatanetsatane mapulani? Ndimalimbikitsa anthu kupita kumalo atsopano, komwe malo osakhalapo alibe, kuti akhale ndi malo omwe angagwire ntchito. Momwemonso, eni nyumba omwe akupanga zojambula za malo omwe akuganiza kuti sangathe kugwira ntchito, adzapindula kuchokera ku chitsogozo choperekedwa ndi ndondomeko zowonongeka. Pazochitikazi, ngakhale mutapereka ndalama kuti mubwere ndikukonzekera mapulani anu, zidzakhala zabwino. Ntchito zoterozo ndi zovuta kwambiri kuti zisiye kumaganizidwe.
Ndondomeko yowonongeka ya malo ikupereka malo a mbalame-diso pa malo anu ndikukulolani kuti mudziwe ngati chigawo chimodzi chowonetsedwera chidzakhala mesh ndi wina.
Ndondomeko ya masewera sinabadwire ; M'malo mwake, izo zimasintha. Muika ziyeso, zojambula zovuta, ndi zolembera pamapepala, kenaka tinker ndi deta yanu mpaka mutatha kukonza mapeto (nkhani yanga ikuganiza kuti mwaganizira kale za zomwe mungakonde kupanga pakhomo lanu, zomwe zikuphatikizapo kuthetsa mavuto monga madzi osauka).
Ndondomekoyi ikhoza kufotokozedwa mu magawo atatu, omwe amachititsa mtundu wojambula.
Kodi munatenga geometry kusukulu ya sekondale? Kumbukirani kuti nkhaniyi inali yodetsa nkhaŵa ndi malo oyezera? Mudzafunikanso zofuna zofanana kuti mupange chithunzi, chomwe ndi Gawo 1 la zojambula zokonza mapulani. Pakuti monga ndanenera pa tsamba 1, kujambula kwanu kumayamba ndi kuyesa.
Momwe mukufunira kukhala omasuka, momwe mukufunira kuti mutengepo mbali, mudzazindikira kuchuluka kwa momwe mapulani anu akukonzekera. Palinso nkhani ya momwe mumafunira kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe a zojambula zokha. Ngati mumayesetsadi kuchita chinachake choyandikira mapulani okonza mapulani, mudzafunikira zinthu zina zolemba, monga kampasi yojambula ndi kulemba pepala. Chitsimikizo chothandizira kupanga zojambula zokongola ndi Black and Decker's Complete Guide ku Creative Landscapes (Thandizo ndi Kujambula). Nkhani yanga idzayang'ana pa kupanga zojambula bwino, zogwirizana ndi zolinga za do-it-yourselfer.
Gawo 1: Zithunzi Zojambula
Mukamagula katundu wanu, muyenera kulandira mapu a mapepala (pali kusiyana kwa chigawo pa dzina la chikalata ichi).
Ngati simukupeza, tengani buku ku ofesi yaofesi yanu. Mapu a mapepala amawonetsera kuchuluka kwa malo anu, kumene nyumba yanu ikukhalira pafupi ndi malire a katunduyo, ndipo ngati muli ndi mwayi, malo ogwiritsira ntchito pobisala. Ngati malo ogwiritsira ntchito pakhomo saperekedwa ndi mapu a mapepala, muyenera kulankhulana ndi makampani anu ogwira ntchito. Ngati muli ndi mapu a mapulogalamu kapena thandizo lofanana, lidzakuthandizani pulojekitiyi. Mudzasowa kuchita zina ndi zojambula. Koma mapu achitidwewa adzakupatsani machitidwe abwino, akutsogolerani m'njira yoyenera. Mwachitsanzo, mudzawona malo (ngati aliwonse) a dziko lanu apanga mbali yoyenera - chidziwitso chofunikira pa mawerengero anu, monga momwe tiwonere pansipa.
Zina mwazimene mukufunikira pa Gawo 1 ndizoyimira tepi yazitali mamita 100 ndi mapepala angapo a pepala.
Pa Gawo 2 ndi 3 muyenera kupeza mapepala, mapepala a kaboni, mapepala opanda mapepala ndi mapensulo amitundu, kuti muthe kukatenga mapepala a graph tsopano. Ndikupatsanso kukhala ndi zikhomo ndi chingwe pa dzanja la Phase 2. Mzere wodutsa ndi wokhoma pamapepala a graph onsewo amakhala osiyana mofanana, kugawanika pepalacho mofanana ndi checkerboard. Izi zodziwikiratu zimabwera mwapatali kwambiri pazojambula zazikulu. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa zimakulolani kuti munene ndendende pamene mfundo iliyonse pa pepala ili, mogwirizana ndi mfundo ina iliyonse. Tsopano, ganizirani za izi: ndi momwe mukufunira kuimira bwalo lanu (kumbukirani zomwe ndinanena za "geometry" pamwambapa). Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kuti mukonzekere bwino malo, mukufuna kudziŵa kumene kulikonse mu bwalo lanu, poyerekeza ndi wina aliyense. Mwa njirayi, mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kukonza patio yatsopano pakati pa nyumba yanu ndi msewu watsopano womwe mudzakhala nawo, mudzadziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito patio.
"Koma," mungatsutsane pa mutu uwu, "Kodi pepala la graph likhudzana bwanji ndi kufotokoza molondola bwalo langa? Mmodzi ndi wamng'ono kwambiri, winayo ndi waukulu kwambiri." Inde, koma apa ndi pamene lingaliro la "scale" likugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mungasankhe kuti imodzi mwa malo ang'onoang'ono pa pepala la graph idzayimira, tiyeni tiyankhe, malo oposa 1 pa malo anu, motero tizipanga zojambula . Peza? Mudzayesa kuchuluka kwa malo anu poyamba ndi tepi yanu, ndikuyesa miyeso ija pansi kuti ikhale pamapepala a graph. Kukula kwa malo omwe mumapezeka pamapepala a graph kumasiyana, kotero mutha kusankha kukula komwe kumakuyenererani. Mlingo wa 1/8 masentimita = 1 phazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapulani omangidwe; Pakati pa izi, gwiritsani ntchito mapepala a graph omwe ali ndi masentimita asanu ndi atatu. Pachiwerengero ichi, mukhoza kuimira katundu waukulu ngati mamita 60 ndi mamita 80 pa pepala la 8 ½ x 11. Pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala akuluakulu, mungafunike kujambula mapepala a graph palimodzi ndikupanga malo ambiri omwe angagwire ntchito.
Mukakhala mzere wowerengeka pa momwe mungapangire miyeso yanu pa pepala la graph, ndi nthawi yoti mupite ndikupeza miyesoyo.
Pogwiritsa ntchito tepiyi, yang'anani kutalika kwa malire anu anayi, ndipo muyese kutalika kwake ndi kutalika kwa nyumba yanu. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa ndendende kumene nyumba yanu ikukhala mogwirizana ndi malire anu. Apa ndi pamene malire awo omwe amapanga mawangelo abwino adzabwera mosavuta. Tiyeni tiwone kuti pali ngodya yomwe ili kumwera kwakumadzulo kwa dziko lanu. Pitani ku ngodya ya nyumba yanu pafupi ndi malire a ngodya iyi. Kuthamanga tepiyi kuchokera pa ngodya ya nyumba mpaka kumadzulo malire malire ndi kulemba muyeso. Tsopano muthamangire tepiyi kuchokera ku khola limodzi la nyumba mpaka kumzere wa malire akumwera, kulembera chiyeso chimenecho. Ngati mwasamala kuti tepiyo ikhale yoyenera, mwangoyamba kumene kumakhala malo ozungulira. Bwerezani njirayi pamakona atatu, ngakhale kumene kulibe ngodya yolondola.
Mukangomanga mizere ndi malo omwe akukhala mofanana ndi iwo, ndinu okonzeka kudziwa malo enieni a dziko lanu (mwachitsanzo, patios, driveways, minda ndi zomera zomwe mudzakhala mukuzisunga, komanso zofunikira), ndi kusonyeza malo awo, pamlingo, pa pepala la graph. Malo awo amayesedwa mogwirizana ndi mfundo zomwe mwakhazikitsa (ie, malire ndi nyumba, mpaka pano). Pezani zosachepera ziwiri pa chinthu chilichonse chimene mukuyezera. Mukamapitirizabe ntchitoyi, zimakhala zosavuta chifukwa mumapeza mfundo zowonjezereka zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito monga zizindikiro.
"Koma bwanji momwe ine ndimayesera kuti ndiyese zinthu zomwe zimapangika, monga ma bedi obzala zokhota?" Inu mukufunsa. Chabwino, kuti muyese malo ozungulira, mukufunikira mzere wolunjika ngati mfundo yofotokozera. Apanso, pangani pazomwe mwakhala mukupanga polojekitiyi. Mwachitsanzo, gwiritsani ntchito mbali ya nyumba moyang'anizana ndi bedi losabisala ngati malo otchulidwa. Ngati bedi lodzala liri patali kwambiri - nenani, pafupifupi mamita 100 - kuchokera kunyumba, mukhoza kupanga mosavuta ntchito yanu:
Penyani mamita 99 kuchokera pangodya imodzi ya nyumba kumbali iyi, ndikuyendetsa pansi pamtengo pa nthawiyo; ndiye chitani chimodzimodzi kuchokera kumbali ina. Kuthamanga chingwe pakati pa zipilala ziwiri. Tsopano muli ndi mzere wowongoka kuti mugwiritse ntchito ngati malo otchulidwa, ndipo ali pamtunda wapafupi wa bedi losabisala. Kuyambira pamapeto ena a bedi, kumbali yomwe ili pafupi ndi chingwe, tengerani tepiyo kuchokera pa chingwe kupita kumbali ya bedi. Pita pansi mamita atatu ndikuyezere kachiwiri. Bwerezerani maulendo atatu, mpaka mutha kufike kumapeto ena a bedi, ndikuwerengera miyeso yanu yonse. Bwerezani njirayi kuti muyese mbali yayitali ya bedi. Mukamaliza, mulemba mapepala onse omwe mwawayeza pamapepala a graph, ndikusunga zomwezo zomwe takambirana kale. Zidzawoneka ngati mndandanda wa madontho. Kenako mumangolumikiza madontho . Zotsatira zake ndizoyeso molondola, muyeso, ya bedi lodzala pang'ono.
Mukawona kuti mwatha ndi Gawo 1, pangani zojambula zanu.
Kumbukirani pepala limene munagula mukatenga katundu, monga momwe tafotokozera patsamba 2? Ndili pano, mu Gawo 2 la kujambula mapulani a mapulani, kuti muyambe kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Gawo 2 limaphatikizapo kujambula kwa dongosolo lokhazikitsa mapulani, lotchedwa "chithunzi chojambulidwa."
Gawo lachiwiri: Chithunzi cha Bubble
Choyamba, ikani pepala lofufuzira pachithunzi chokwanira. Chifukwa pepala lofufuzira likukuthandizani kuti muyang'ane pansi pa chithunzicho, mungathe kukopera zomwe zili mkati mwake, popanda mapepala a pepala la graph, papepala lofufuzira. Ndikwanira kuti mutha kuona mazere a galasi pansi; iwo adzatsogolera zojambula zanu mu Phase 2.
Kotero muli ndi chithunzi cha diagram, chomwe chikutsatiridwa pa pepala lofufuzira. Palibe kanthu kakang'ono mpaka pano, kulondola? Koma buku ili ndi chiyambi chabe. Ino ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito "malo omasuka" m'bwalo lanu, monga momwe ziwonetsedwera ndi miyeso yanu yoyambirira ndi kujambula. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi malo pakati pa nyumba ndi okhetsedwa omwe sakhala ndi gawo lina lomwe lidzakhala mu mapulani omaliza a malo, ino ndi nthawi yosonyeza momwe mukufunira pa malo awa.
Pezani malo pa pepala lofufuzira pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena oblong (m'mphepete mwa malo ozungulira ndi mabwinja kawirikawiri amapewa kumapangidwe a malo, kupatula ngati cholinga chanu ndi malo okongoletsera ). Potero dzina la kujambula kwa Gawo 2: nthawi yomwe mwathera, zikuwoneka ngati muli ndi ming'oma pamapepala akutsata. Lembani zojambula zomwe mumangokhalira kutengera (udzu, chivundikiro, patio, mbali ya madzi, kubzala bedi , ndi zina zotero), malinga ndi ntchito yake mmapangidwe anu a malo (ntchito, malo owonetsera, munda, ndi zina zotero) Pitirizani kupita ku malo ena aulere ndipo chitani chimodzimodzi. Malo omwe ali pakati pa "thovu" nthawi zambiri amakhala magalimoto, njira, kapena madontho ang'onoang'ono a udzu omwe amatumikira monga njira - mwachitsanzo, njira zanu zoyendera pakati pa ming'oma. Lembani izo monga choncho.
Onani zomwe zithunzi zikuwoneka ngati.
Musati muyembekezere kutsirizitsa kusintha kwachithunzichi chowonekera nthawi yomweyo. Mudzapeza kuti mukutsutsana ndi ming'oma pamene mukuyenda, chifukwa chilichonse (mwachitsanzo, malo osakwanira). Palibe vuto. Ingotenga pepala lina lofufuza ndikuwonetsanso zojambula zanu zoyambirira.
Musanayambe kujambula pamapeto pake, yesetsani polojekitiyi m'njira iliyonse yomwe mungathe, kuti muwone zomwe zingagwire ntchito ndi zomwe sizidzachitika. Apa ndi pomwe pamtengo ndi chingwe zingathe kubwereranso. Mipanga ya pound mu nthaka kuzungulira malo amodzi omwe mwatsatanetsatane mu chithunzi chojambulidwa. Tanika chingwe kuzitsulo izi. Bweretsani ndondomeko ya zina "malo". Tsopano yendani pakati pa malo awa, podziwa kuyenda kwa magalimoto. Kodi malingaliro anu a malowa amakhala omveka? Kodi mwagwiritsira ntchito malowa moyenera? Kodi mumapeza njira imodzi yowonjezereka, pamene iyenera kuti ikhale yolemba kuchokera ku Point A kuti ifike B?
Mukasintha malingaliro anu pa malo aliwonse, sungani zitsulo ndi chingwe molingana. Mukatsiriza, tengani miyeso yomaliza pa malo awa. Tsopano mwakonzeka kubwereranso ku chithunzichi ndikuphatikizira miyesoyi yomaliza, motero kusandulika chithunzichi mu mapulani omaliza.
Kumbukirani kuti, pa tsamba 3, kodi inu munapanga zojambulazo? Ndichifukwa chakuti tidzasunthira nazo tsopano, kuti tithe kukwaniritsa mapulani a pakhomo. Ndipo ngati mutasokoneza chinachake, simukufuna kuyambiranso, kodi mumatero?
Gawo 3: Ndondomeko Yomaliza Yomudzi
Pa pepala lanu lalikulu, perekani zigawo zomaliza zomwe mwafika pazomwe mumapanga "Gawo 2. Tsopano ndi nthawi yoyenera kupanga zomera mu fano lanu lalikulu. Simukuyenera kutchula mtundu uliwonse wa mtengo, mtundu uliwonse wa maluwa, etc. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kupitirizabe kutsatira, kotero kuti, mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe omwe mukuwonekera kuti asonyeze mtengo waukulu mwachiwonekere adzakhala wamkulu kuposa kwa shrub yaing'ono . Onetsani kukula kwake kuti chomera chidzafike pakukula, osati kukula kwake kwa mwana. Izi zidzaloleza malo oyenera a zomera.
Olemba mapulani a malo akupeza kuti ndizovuta kuti azifotokoza zofunikira za mapulani a pakhomo ndi makalata ndi / kapena zizindikiro, kuti asunge malo. Potero dziwe likhoza kusankhidwa ndi "P," mtengo wokhala waukulu, wozungulira, ndi zina zotero. Pa mbali ya chithunzi chanu, onetsani nthano yomwe imamasulira mafupiwo, ngati muiwala zomwe akuyimira.
Muyeneranso kusunga bukhu lapadera kuti muzilemba zolembera makamaka zomwe mukuchita ndi dongosolo lanu lodzala. Zindikirani malo amdima, malo owuma, malo amvula, mitundu ya nthaka, etc. Zonsezi zidzaperekedwa patsogolo pokhapokha zodzikongoletsera nthawi ikadzatuluka ndikugula zomera zokha. Mudzakhala oyenerera zomera ndikukonzekera, osati njira ina.
Mukakhala ndi zonse zolondola, tengani pepala losalemba kanthu, khalani pamapepala a carbon, ndipo perekani zojambulazo zowonjezera pamwamba pake. Tsopano tsatirani zonse pazithunzi zowonongeka, kuti pepala la carbon lilowetse pepala lanu pa pepala lokha losalemba - lomwe tsopano likusandulika kukhazikitsa mapulani anu. Pakupanga mapulani anu omaliza mwanjira imeneyi, mumangodzichotsa pamzere wa pepala la graph. Izi zidzalola malo anu omalizira apange ndondomeko yooneka bwino, momwe mungathere tsopano kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mapensulo anu achikuda. Eya, khalani osangalala pang'ono: mwagwira ntchito mwakhama kuti mufikire mpaka pano, kotero mukuyenera!
Ndi mapensulo anu achikuda, mukhoza tsopano kudzaza malo anu ndi mitundu yoyenera. Mwachitsanzo, udzu ukhoza kukhala wobiriwira, mitengo ndi zitsamba zobiriwira, madzi a buluu, ndi zina zotero. Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wopanga mapulani a pakhomo kumapeto kwake kudzakuthandizani kuti mukhale ovuta. Koma musaponyedwe mowonjezeredwa chithunzi muzitsamba! Mudzafunabe kuwonana nawo kuti muwone bwinobwino. Mzere wa gridi awo ukhoza kukhala woipa, koma ndi chinthu chokha chomwe chikuyimira pakati panu ndi kutulutsa chisokonezo!
Kodi kujambula mapulani a pakhomo ndi dzanja sikuwoneka ngati kapu yako? Ndiye ganizirani kulola pulogalamu ya pakompyuta kuti ikuchitireni. Kuti mudziwe zambiri pa mapulogalamu a pakompyuta, chonde werengani ndemanga yanga ya Realtime Landscaping Pro Landscape Design Software .