Kufotokozera ndi Kufotokozera
Mbatata yosakaniza ikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi Southern Southern, koma iwo amakula pafupi ndi munda uliwonse. Gawo lomwe timadya ndizu ya tuberous ya chomera chomera chomwe chimagwirizana kwambiri ndi Morning Glories ndipo muzitha kuona mosavuta kufanana kwa masamba kumitengo ya mbatata yomwe tikukula tsopano.
Ngakhale kuti mbatata ndi yams ( Dioscorea sp.) Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ku US, ndiwo masamba awiri osiyana.
Amakhalanso osagwirizana ndi mbatata nthawi zonse. Mbatata ya malalanje ndi yodziwika kwambiri, koma mbatata ikhoza kukhala yoyera, yachikasu, komanso yofiira.
Ngakhale mbatata imatenga miyezi inayi kutentha kutentha kukula kwa tubers , ndizodabwitsa kukula mosavuta. Popeza mizu ya mipesa kulikonse kumene ikakhudza nthaka, zomera zingapo zimatha kubzala mochuluka. Palinso mitundu ya chitsamba, kwa minda yaing'ono.
Dzina la Botanical
Ipomoea batatas
Dzina Loyamba (s)
Chomera Chokoma, Yellow Yam
Malo Ovuta
Ngakhale mitundu yambiri ya mbatata imatha mu USDA hardiness zones 8-11, popeza ife tikumba mbewu yonse kumapeto kwa nyengo kuti tipeze tubers, mbatata imakula ngati chaka cha masamba.
Kukula msinkhu
Zimadalira zosiyanasiyana. Mipesa imatha kufalitsa 20 ft. Ndipo tubers pafupifupi pafupifupi 4-6 mainchesi.
Chiwonetsero
Mthunzi wadzaza ndi mthunzi . Kawirikawiri amakonda dzuwa lonse koma amayamikira mthunzi wina madzulo m'madera otentha ndi owuma.
Masiku Okolola
Ma tubers ali okonzeka kukolola pafupifupi miyezi inayi. Ngati mukufuna kudya masamba ngati masamba, mungathe kuchita mosamala nthawi yonseyi. Onetsetsani kuti mupite mokwanira kuti mbewuyo ikule.
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana
- Beauregard - Tsamba lofiira kwambiri ndi mdima wakuda wa orange. Zosiyanasiyana zamalonda. (Masiku 100)
- Chitsamba Chitsamba cha Puerto Rico - Cooper khungu ndi thupi lalanje. Mipesa yokhala ndi zokolola zazikulu. Zabwino kwa minda yaing'ono, (masiku 110)
- Zaka 100 - Kulimbana ndi matenda abwino komanso kukula msanga. (Masiku 90-100)
- Georgia Jet - Tsamba lofiira ndi thupi lalanje. Kusankha bwino kwa nyengo yaifupi. (Masiku 90)
- Patriot - Tsamba la Copper / Orange Nyama. Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kusankha bwino kwa minda ya organic . (Masiku 100)
- Ruddy - Njira zabwino zowononga tizilombo (tizilombo, matenda ndi maatodes) kuposa Beauregard. Onani chithunzi. (Masiku 100)
Kukolola
Mukhoza kukumba ma tubers kamodzi masambawo atayamba kukhala achikasu. Ngati masambawo agwidwa ndi chisanu, tubers mwina akadali bwino. Musalole kuti iwo akhale pansi nthawi yaitali zitatha kumbuyo kapena zikhoza kuvunda.
Khalani wofatsa pamene mukumba. Zipatso za mbatata zimakula pafupi. Zikopa zawo ndi zachifundo ndipo zingawonongeke ndi kuvulazidwa mosavuta.
Malangizo Okula
Nthaka: Mbatata zokoma monga nthaka ya asidi, posankha nthaka pH pakati pa 5.0 ndi 6.5.
Zomwe Zingabzalidwe: Mbatata Zabwino zimakula nthawi zambiri kuchokera kumatope; zidutswa zazing'ono za tuber. Mutha kupanga mapepala anu podula mbatata mu theka la kutalika ndi kuyika pa bedi lachinyezi podula nthaka . Dulani zidutswazo ndi masentimita angapo a nthaka ndikukhala otentha ndi ofunda.
Mizu yaying'ono iyenera kukula m'masiku angapo, kenako masamba. Iwo ali okonzeka kuti akwezedwe ndi kubzalidwa kamodzi akakhala pafupifupi masentimita 4-8 ataliatali (pafupi masabata asanu ndi limodzi). Mukhoza kuyesa mbatata ku golosi, koma njira yokhayo yodziwira kuti muli ndi mizu yovomerezeka yopanda matenda ndiyo kuigula kuchokera ku malo ogulitsa mbewu.
Ngati muli ndi nyengo yochepa yozizira, mungayambe zitoliro zatsopano kuchokera ku zipatso za mpesa. Sungani pafupi masentimita 6 kuchokera ku nsonga za mipesa, isanafike chisanu. Ikani izi cuttings m'madzi. Akamera mizu, chomera m'nthaka ndikuzisunga pamalo amdima kufikira nthawi yowabzala kunja.
Nthawi yofesa: Kuphika mbatata kumatuluka mwamsanga pamene nthaka yatentha ndipo ngozi yonse ya chisanu yadutsa. Powapatsa mutu woyambira, mbatata zimayambika mzere wozungulira, pafupifupi 8 "pamwamba.
Izi zimathandiza nthaka kutenthetsa mofulumira ndikusunga bwino. Ngati mukulima m'munda woziziritsa, kufalitsa pulasitiki wakuda panthaka kumathandizanso kuti liwiro mofulumira.
Machenga: Mitengo yazitali pafupifupi masentimita 12 ndi 18 kutalika ndi mapazi 3-4 pakati pa mizere. Mipesa idzafalikira ndikudzaza, choncho idzawapatsa malo ambiri.
Kudyetsa: Kudyetsa mbatata kumatulutsa masamba. Bzalani m'nthaka pamwamba pa zinthu zakutchire ndikuzisiye okha.
Langizo: Musamamwetse mbatata zanu pamapeto masabata 3-4 musanakolole, kuti muzitha kugawanika.
Kusungirako:
Mbatata zotsekemera zimatha kuchepetsedwa ndipo samakonda kupikisana ndi namsongole. Sungani malowa bwino mpaka kukula kokwera kudzaza ndikukhala ngati mulch wamoyo.
Zakudya za mbatata zimatha kulekerera nyengo za chilala, koma nthawi zonse kuthirira ndi njira yabwino yopewera kupatukana.
Tizilombo ndi Mavuto:
Zipangizo zam'madzi ndi zitsulo zam'mimba ndizovuta kwambiri m'minda yam'makomo. Kuwonongeka kumachepa ngati mutembenuza mbewu zanu chaka chilichonse.
Matenda ambiri amatha kupewa pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosagonjetsa matenda ndikugwiritsa ntchito mbatata yosatetezeka. Kusinthasintha malo awo m'munda, chaka ndi chaka, kumathandizanso.
Mphuno ikhozanso kukhala vuto, kotero khalani maso.