Kodi zotengera zonyamulira nyumba ndi chinthu chotsatira chachikulu chomwe chili chobiriwira?
Pamene Sven ndi Anna Pirkl ankamanga nyumba yawo ku Redondo Beach, Calif., Iwo ankafuna chinachake chamakono, chokongola komanso chosangalatsa. Koma "masiku ano, okondweretsa komanso okondweretsa" nthawi zambiri amabwera ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali.
Kenako anakumana ndi katswiri wa zomangamanga dzina lake Peter DeMaria, yemwe amatha kupanga nyumba yotengera mtengo kwambiri kuti zakhala zikuyambitsa ngozi zamoto chifukwa cha oyendetsa galimoto kutsogolo kwa nyumba.
Chinsinsi cha DeMaria? Chombo chotumizira nyumba zopangidwa ndi mabungwe akuluakulu a zitsulo - nthawizina amatchedwa unit ISBU kapena ma-inter-modal zinyumba zogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo - nthawi zambiri zimawona dzimbiri pamphepete mwa mafakitale a mizinda yonse padziko lapansi.
Nyumba Zogulitsa Zogulitsa: Kuganizira M'kati mwa Bokosi
"Lingaliro lonse ndilokuti tinkafuna nyumba yophweka, yamakono," anatero Sven, yemwe analota za mawonekedwe apamwamba okhala ndi chinthu chodalira chobiriwira. "Tinali kuyesa kukhala okonda zachilengedwe pamene tikusunga ndalama."
Koma ngakhale Sven sakanatha kuyembekezera chidwi chomwe chinapangidwa ndi nyumba yake yopangidwa ndi zitsulo. "Tili ndi anthu okwana tani," Sven adanena za malo ake okwana 3,500. "Aliyense akufuna kudziwa za pakhomo."
Ndipo ngakhale kuti anthu ena amatha kukhala mkati mwa zida zonyamula katundu, poopa kuti zidzakhala mdima ndi zochepa, mbali zonse za mabokosizo zidatsegulidwa zitseko, mawindo ndi malo apakati. "Mukakhala mkati mwathu mumakhala ndi mpweya wotseguka chifukwa tili ndi mawindo ambiri komanso miyala 10," anatero Sven.
DeMaria amakhulupirira kuti pakhomo padzakhala ndalama zokwanira kawiri kumanga pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomangamanga. The Pirkls anali makasitomala abwino, iye anati, chifukwa anali okhudzidwa ndi kupanga nyumba yabwino, yotsika mtengo kuposa ochiritsira. DeMaria adati, "Iwo adatha kupambana ndi stereoptypes," akuyitanira makasitomala ake kuti "anthu oyambirira azidutsa mbali ina."
Ubwino wa Zomangamanga Zomangamanga
Kugwiritsira ntchito zida zonyamula katundu monga nyumba zinayambira zaka makumi angapo zapitazo ndi asilikali, zomwe zimadziwika kuti angathe kukhala malo okhalamo, maofesi ndi zipatala. Padziko lonse lapansi akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito monga malo osungirako zinthu, zojambula zamakono, nyumba za masewera, malo osungiramo malo komanso zipinda zotetezeka. Travelodge yatsegula hotelo ya chipinda cham'chipinda cha 100, chokhala ndi nthiti zisanu ndi zitatu pafupi ndi London yopangidwa ndi zida zonyamula katundu.
Nchiyani chimapangitsa chotsitsa chochepa-chokongola chotumiza chotengera chomwecho chokongola kwa omanga oyang'ana patsogolo? Ubwino wawo, otsutsawo amati, ali pafupifupi malire, kuyambira ndi mafakitale amphamvu omwe ali ndi bokosi lachitsulo lomwe lingathe kunyamula matani 30.
David Cross, yemwe ndi mkulu wa zamalonda, dzina lake SG Blocks, ananena kuti: "Zida zogulitsa katundu zimapangidwira moyo wodutsa m'ngalawa yosunthira, yomwe imapezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja zisanu ndi zitatu." "Iwo amatsimikiziranso kuti amayendetsa sitima ndi galimoto. Tangoganizani mukuyesera kumanga nyumba yokha yomwe ingathe kuchita."
Ndipo zotengera zotumizira ndizobwino kwa malo omwe sali. "Maunitelo amatha kukomana kapena kupitirira zida za mkuntho ku Miami-Dade ndi zizindikiro za seismic, monga ku California," adatero Cross.
Amakhalanso osagwirizana ndi mavuto ambiri omwe amakhudza nyumba zamatabwa zamatabwa: moto, nkhungu, zivomezi, ndi tizilombo tomwe timaponyera nkhuni. "Ndithudi matchuthi ndi ena a varmints sali okondwa ndi zitsulo," Cross added.
Kwa ojambula a nyumba zobiriwira , kugwiritsiranso ntchito zida zonyamula katundu monga nyumba zotsika mtengo ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Cross anati, "Tikufuna kubwezeretsa mankhwalawa ndi kuika pa steroids," adatero Cross, akuwonjezera kuti pali makina oposa 18 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi. Ambiri amasiyidwa m'madera awo omwe akupita chifukwa ndi otchipa kuti azipanga zatsopano kuchokera ku Asia kusiyana ndi kutumiza zopanda kanthu kumbuyo.
Kuwoloka ndi ena, mapiri awa a zotengera zonyamulira m'mabwalo monga Houston, Oakland, Seattle ndi Miami ndi "mapiri a mwayi". Akulingalira kuti zimatengera pafupifupi maekala awiri a mitengo kuti amange nyumba yaikulu ya ku America.
"Zida izi zikuimira mwayi wosasunthira dzikolo," adatero. Ndipo mphamvu zowonjezera kuti zigwiritsenso ntchito zida monga zomangira zomangamanga, zonena za mtanda, ndizochepa chabe zomwe zingayesedwe kuti zibwezeretse zitsulo.
Kuchokera ku Nyanja Kuwala ISBU
Zida zotumiza katundu ndi zigawo za ISBU zakhala zikugwiranso ntchito monga malo a ofesi. Pallotta TeamWorks, kampani yopereka chikondi, yogwiritsira ntchito zida zonyamula katundu m'mabwalo ake 47,000 sq. Ft. Los Angeles.
"Ntchitoyi inadza chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa bajeti," anatero Jenny Huang, wotsogolera ntchito ndi Clive Wilkinson Architects, omwe amapanga malo a kampaniyo. "Iwo amayenera kuwonera ndalama zawo zoyendetsera ntchito," anatero ponena za bungwe la ndalama. "Iwo analibe ndalama zokwanira kuti apulumuke malo onsewo."
Kugwiritsira ntchito zida zonyamula katundu monga malo ogwira ntchito kuofesi kapena "midzi" zinathandizira kuthetsa mtengo wa mpweya wabwino. "Anayikidwa mwachidwi kumene kunkafunika," Huang adanena.
Ochepa omwe akupanga mapulani, makontrakitala ndi alangizi a zachilengedwe omwe amadziona okha ngati otengera zotsamba zogulitsa katundu amatha kuona tsogolo la mabokosi onsewa. Zambiri zomwe zimapezeka m'matawuni komanso kukula kwake - zambiri ndi mamita asanu ndi atatu m'litali, mamita asanu ndi atatu m'litali ndi mamita 20 kapena makumi anai - zikuwoneka kuti akuitanira kusintha, kukonzanso zinthu.
Mwina cholepheretsa kwambiri kukulandira kwapadera kwazitsulo zonyamula katundu ndi zolakwika zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mabokosi a zitsulo zamitengo omwe nthawi zambiri amaloledwa kumalo obwereketsa ogulitsa udzu. "Chovuta chenicheni chiri ndi kunyansidwa kwa zitsulo," anatero DeMaria. "Kunyada kumangotsala pang'ono kuimitsa."
Koma mgwirizano waukulu wa chipambano kwa mtundu uliwonse wa mapangidwe wamakono tsopano wapatsidwa chidebe chotsika chotsika chotsika - iwo potsiriza ali ndi bukhu lawo la tebulo lakale lonse: Architectural Architect by Jure Kotnik.