Kulamulira kwa anthu ndi imodzi mwa phindu la kusaka
Ngakhale pali zowonjezereka za kusaka , simungathe kuwerenga za iwo m'mabuku ambiri obiriwira. Koma osaka akhala pakati pa anthu odzipereka kwambiri kwa zaka zambiri. Tawonani momwe malingaliro atsopano monga kusaka zobiriwira akubwezeretsanso zamatsenga akale kwambiri.
Kusaka ndi Kutha
Kwa nyama zamphongo, anthu ankasaka ndi kuwotcha kuti apulumuke, makamaka m'madera ovuta kumene nyengo yokula inali yochepa ndipo chakudya sichinali chodalirika chaka chonse.
Ngakhale m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, zakudya zomwe makamaka zamasamba zinadyedwa ndi nsomba zowonjezera zakudya ndi zakudya.
Zina mwazisakazi zinachitidwa popanda nkhawa zosafunika kwa nyama, ngakhale pali umboni wakuti kuwononga kwambiri kunapangitsa kuti mitundu yambiri ya zinyama iwonongeke. (Nthawi zonse nthawi zonse zimakhala zoopsa podziwa kuti anthu achikulire ankakhala mwamtendere mogwirizana ndi chilengedwe. Palibe chilichonse chimene chingakhale kutali ndi choonadi.) Ngamila ya North America ndi nyamayi, moa wa New Zealand ndi kangaroo yaikulu ya Australia inaphedwa zikwi zikwi zaka zapitazo ndi osaka anthu.
Wolemba za Conservationist
Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, pamene anthu adakula, kusaka, ulimi ndi kusokonezeka kwa anthu m'zinthu zachilengedwe zinayamba kupha nyama ndi nsomba padziko lonse lapansi. Kuphatikizanso apo, phindu la kusaka linachepetsedwa ngati kusaka masewera kunakula kwambiri, ndi zotsatira zomvetsa chisoni.
Kutha kapena kutayika kumene kwa zikwi za mitundu ya zinyama zakutchire - njiwa yaulendo, Carolina parakeet, njuchi ya kumpoto kwa America - idayamba kuopseza anthu ena okonda kusamalira. Zingathe kutsutsidwa kuti "kusaka masewera" kawirikawiri sizowonjezera zowonongeka, chifukwa nyama zowonongeka nthawi zambiri zimangotsala pang'ono kufa pansi, m'malo mwake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyama kapena zolinga zina.
Ngakhale kuti anthu ena sankafunafuna kusaka, izi zinkapitilizidwa ndi mamiliyoni a anthu, mwina chifukwa chofunikira kapena zosangalatsa. Ndipo kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, panali asaka ambiri omwe ankazindikira kufunika kosunga nyama komanso zachilengedwe.
Mmodzi mwa akatswiri akuluakulu oteteza masewerawa anali wotchi wamkulu wa masewera wotchedwa Theodore Roosevelt , yemwe adasungira yekha maekala ambirimbiri a nkhalango, prairie, madambo ndi malo ena kuti ateteze malo osaka ndi kusunga kukongola kwa cholowa cha America.
Kusungidwa ndi Phindu la Kusaka
Lero ndikumvetsetsa kwambiri kuti ubwino wosaka ndikuphatikizapo kusungira chipululu ndi nyama zakutchire - chifaniziro cha buffoon chowombera mowa chomwe chimadutsa m'nkhalango makamaka chimango cha fantasy ya Hollywood.
Mwachitsanzo, mabakha Achilendo, anabadwira pakati pa Dust Bowl cha m'ma 1930, pamene chilala chimawopsya madzi ambiri a ku North America kuti athake. Gulu la anthu ochita masewera okhudzidwa anasonkhana kuti akalimbikitse ntchito imodzi yoyamba: kusungirako nyama. Ndipo kuyambira pachiyambi chake mu 1937, Ducks Unlimited yatha kusunga mahekitala okwana 12 miliyoni.
Kusaka lero kuli kolamulidwa kwambiri kuposa zaka zambiri zapitazo - m'mayiko otukuka. (Kutha kwa mapeto ambiri m'mayiko ambiri a ku Africa ndi Asia, chifukwa cha malonda a nyama zonyansa, kuwonetsa zovuta za chitetezo cha nyama zakutchire m'malo amenewo). Ndipo ena mwa okondana kwambiri omwe amatenga zikwama ndi malamulo ena osaka ndi osaka iwowo.
Kufufuza kwa nyerere yoyera ku North America kumatsimikizira kuti ubwino wokasaka (pamene mwasungidwa bwino) umaphatikizapo kusungira chipululu. Zilombo zakutchire monga mimbulu ndi mikango yamapiri sizodziwika kummawa kwa United States, kotero anthu ambiri okhala ndi zinyama asokonezeka, ndi zotsatira zowopsya. Nkhawa zatenga nkhalango zambiri za mitengo ndizitsamba, zomwe zimapangitsa nyama zina kufa chifukwa cha kusowa chakudya ndi pogona.
Alenje odyetsa, komabe, akusunga chiwerengero cha odyera amtundu woyera pogwiritsa ntchito kusaka. Mwa kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha nkhumba m'nkhalango zolimba, alenje amalola kuti nkhalango izi zikhale ndi thanzi labwino lomwe lingathe kuthandiza mitundu yambiri ya zomera ndi zinyama.
Kusaka Kwambiri: Kuwombera Kusunga
Enthanthi yatsopano yosaka ikuthandizira ochita kafukufuku kumvetsa bwino miyoyo ya nyama zomwe zili pangozi, zomwe zingathandize kuti apitirizebe kupulumuka. Kusaka kokongola, nthawi zina kumatchedwa hunting dart kapena dart safaris, amapatsa osaka mwayi kuwombera zinyama zotsitsimula. Zinyama zimatengedwa kapena zimakonzedwa ndi makola a GPS; ochita kafukufuku angathenso kutenga zitsanzo za magazi kapena kusonkhanitsa DNA kuchokera ku zinyama.
Chifukwa mphete ndi zazikulu kuposa zipolopolo, azisaka ayenera kuyandikana kwambiri ndi zinyama kuti azigunda. Izi zimapangitsa kusaka kobiriwira kukhala kovuta komanso koopsa kwambiri kuposa kusaka kumene, popeza nyama monga ng'ombe zamphongo, akambuku, mahinki ndi mikango zikhoza kubweza.
Kusaka kwaukhondo kungakhalenso kotsika mtengo - safari ina yamtengo wapatali yokwana madola 25,000 pa mlenje - koma ndalama zimapita kukachirikiza nyama zakutchire zomwe zatha kugwira kapena gulu la kusamalira nyama. Ndipo popeza kuti zobiriwirazo zimachitika motsogoleredwa ndi veterinarian ndi antchito ena, chitetezo cha nyama yosaka imatsimikizika.
Kuwotcha kwapakati kumawonekera makamaka ku South Africa, komwe kuli dart safaris ambiri ku provinces la KwaZulu-Natal, Gauteng ndi North West. Nkhalango ya Kruger ndi pafupi ndi Associated Private Nature Reserve (APNR) ku South Africa zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zobiriwira zobiriwira kuti zidziwe zambiri pa moyo wa njovu zambiri zam'deralo.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina wochokera ku bungwe la Save the Elephants, "Kuwonjezera pa kusaka kwa masamba obiriwira mu njira zofufuzira kwatithandizira kuti tipeze chidziwitso pa zochitika zosiyanasiyana za ng'ombe. Kuwonjezera apo, kusaka zobiriwira kwalola kuti ziweto zazikuluzikulu zisawonongeke, ndipo izi zachitika phindu la ndalama, osati ndalama, ku APNR.
Choncho tikulimbikitsanso kugwiritsira ntchito zobiriwira zobiriwira monga njira zina zowonongera nyama zamphongo zomwe zimakhala zosaoneka ngati APNR ndi kwina kulikonse. "