Alder Mitengo ndi Zitsamba

Mitengo ya alder ndi zitsamba ( Alnus spp) zimapezeka mu Betulaceae (banja la birch ). Pafupifupi onsewa ndi ovuta. Mitengoyi ndi mitengo yambiri komanso zitsamba , kotero zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira malo ndi kupereka mthunzi mofulumira kuposa mitundu ina. Amakonda malo okhala ndi dothi lonyowa kapena amvula ndi madzi abwino ngati alipo. Ngati mizu yakhazikitsidwa, ikhoza kulekerera chilala pang'ono.

Izi ndi monoecious , kotero mutha kukhala ndi maluwa amphongo ndi amphongo pa chomera chilichonse. Iwo amapereka ngati catkins, ndipo amuna amakhala aakulu kuposa akazi. Pamene akazi ali ndi mungu wowonjezera, ma catkins amakhala okhwima ndipo amakhala osowa. Zimakhala zofanana ndi ma cones omwe amapezeka pa conifers. Chipatso chouma (mapiko a samara ) amakhala mkati.

Mtundu uwu umatha kukonza nayitrogeni. Mu zomera zambiri, sangathe kuika nayitrojeni yomwe imapezeka mumlengalenga, choncho amayenera kudalira zomwe zilipo m'nthaka kapena kubereka. Zomera zokhala ndi zitsulo za nayitrogeni zimapanga mgwirizano wothandizira ndi mabakiteriya omwe amalola kuti agwire chinthucho. Pankhani ya alders, ili ndi mabakiteriya a Frankia . Khalidweli limapangitsa iwo kukula pa dothi lachonde lomwe zomera zina zimatha kulimbana nazo.

Mitengo imeneyi ndi zitsamba zingakhale mbali ya munda wamagulugufe chifukwa pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito masamba ngati chakudya chamakono. Mbalame zimakonda kudya mbewu. Catkins amatha kudyedwa ndi anthu (ngakhale osakhala chokoma kwambiri) ndipo ndizochokera puloteni.

Mitengo ya Alder ndi imodzi mwa mitundu iwiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga Fender gitala, ndi phulusa kukhala inayo. Malinga ndi malo a Fender, alder anayamba kusankhidwa chifukwa anali ochuluka. Zili ndi zipangizo zabwino zomveka ndipo n'zosavuta kumaliza ndi zipsyinjo. Mitundu iwiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maitita awo ndi amdima wakuda ( Alnus glutinosa ) ndi alder wofiira ( Alnus rubra ).

Alder amawoneka ngati nkhuni ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kupanga makabati, zitseko, mipando, pansi ndi zinthu zina. Katswiri wodziwika bwino ndi wotchuka kwambiri pofuna kuyang'ana mofulumira.

• 01 a 08

  Black Alder

  • Dzina lachilatini: Alnus glutinosa
  • Mayina Ena Amodzi: Wodziwika bwino, Wachiwiri wa Ulaya, akupita, aar
  • Wachibadwidwe ku: Europe, kumpoto kwa Africa, ndi kumadzulo kwa Asia
  • Madera a USDA: 3-7
  • Msinkhu: 40-60 'wamtali
  • Chiwonetsero: Dzuwa lonse kumthunzi wa mbali

  Mtundu uwu wa alder wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zambiri kuposa chaka. Ikhoza kupereka matabwa, mitengo ya fodya, utoto, ndi mankhwala a zitsamba. Ikhoza kukhala yovuta m'madera ena.

  Ngati mumakonda masamba omwe amagawanika (ogawanika mu zigawo zambiri), yang'anani za cultivari 'Laciniata' ndi 'Imperialis'.

• 02 a 08

  Green Alder

  • Dzina lachilatini: Alnus viridis
  • Mayina Ena Amodzi: Mountain alder
  • Wachibadwa kwa: Western Hemisphere
  • Zomera za USDA: Zimadalira subspecies
  • Msinkhu: Zimadalira subspecies
  • Chiwonetsero: Dzuwa lonse kumthunzi wa mbali

  Mtundu wobiriwira ndi umodzi mwa mitundu yaying'ono ndipo ndi shrub kapena mtengo wawukulu.

  Pali magulu osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi. Ndi Alnus viridis subsp. crispa (nthawi zina amawoneka ngati A. crispa ), A. viridis subsp. fruticosa , A. viridis subsp. viridis , A. viridis subsp. maximowiczii (nthawizina A. m aximowiczii) , A. viridis subsp. sinuata (nthawi zina A. sinuata ) ndi A. viridis subsp. suaveolens .

• 03 a 08

  Grey Alder

  • Dzina lachilatini: Alnus incana
  • Maina Ena Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito: Kuphatikizidwa ndi ana aang'ono, mapiri aang'ono, thinleaf alder, tag alder
  • Wachibadwidwe ku: Europe ndi North America
  • Zomera za USDA: Zimadalira subspecies
  • Msinkhu: Zimadalira subspecies
  • Chiwonetsero: dzuwa lonse

  Pali magawo asanu ndi limodzi osiyana siyana a grey alder: subsp. incana , subsp. hirsuta , subsp. kolaensis , subsp. oblongifolia , subsp. rugosa ndi subsp. tenuifolia .

• 04 a 08

  Hazel Alder

  • Dzina lachilatini: Alnus serrulata
  • Maina Ena Omwe Amadziwika: Smooth alder, tag alder, common alder, mathithi alder, brookside alder
  • Wachibadwidwe ku: Kumpoto kwa North America
  • Madera a USDA: 5-9
  • Kutalika: 10-20 'wamtali
  • Chiwonetsero: Dzuwa lonse kumthunzi wa mbali

  Mitunduyi imakhala shrub kapena yaing'ono. Zimakhala zikudziphatika zokha kupyolera mwa suckers . Dzina la zamoyo serrulata limatanthawuzira m'mphepete mwa mapiri (masamba) omwe ali ndi masamba.

• 05 a 08

  Italy Alder

  • Dzina lachilatini: Alnus cordata
  • Mayina Ena Amodzi: European alder
  • Wachibadwidwe ku: Corsica ndi kum'mwera kwa Italy
  • Madera a USDA: 6-9
  • Msinkhu: Kawirikawiri 30-50 ', koma ukhoza kukhala wamtali wa 80'
  • Chiwonetsero: Dzuwa lonse kumthunzi wa mbali

  Dzina la zamoyo cordata limakutsutsani kuti masambawa ali ndi masamba (omwe amaoneka ngati mtima). Mitundu imeneyi ndi wolandira Mphoto ya Munda wa Maluwa kuchokera ku Royal Horticultural Society.

• 06 ya 08

  Red Alder

  • Dzina lachilatini: Alnus rubra
  • Mayina Ena Omwe: Pacific Coast alder, Oregon alder, kumadzulo kwa alder
  • Wachibadwidwe ku: Western United States
  • Madera a USDA: 5-9
  • Msinkhu: 40-120 'wamtali malingana ndi kukula kwake
  • Chiwonetsero: dzuwa lonse

  Ngati muli ku Pacific kumpoto chakumadzulo, abulu wofiira ndi nkhuni zomwe mumakhala nazo. Mukhoza kudziwa mitundu iyi ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuchokera m'magulu ena omwe ali m'kati mwake chifukwa chakuti m'mphepete mwake muli masamba ozungulira. Makungwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya utoto.

• 07 a 08

  Nyanja Alder

  • Dzina lachilatini: Alnus maritima
  • Mayina Ena Amodzi: Mphepete mwa nyanja
  • Wachibadwidwe ku: Eastern United States ndi kum'mwera kwa Oklahoma
  • Madera a USDA: 3-7
  • Kutalika: 12-20 'wamtali
  • Chiwonetsero: Dzuwa lonse mpaka mthunzi wa mbali, dzuwa lonse liri bwino

  Mphepete mwa nyanja imatha maluwa, pomwe mitundu yambiri ya maluwa imabweretsa maluwa kumapeto kwa nyengo.

  Dzina la maritima limagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa izi mwachibadwa zimapezeka pamphepete mwa nyanja ya kum'mawa kwa United States. Mawu ofanana ndi Alnus m etroporina . Pali magulu atatu osiyana a nyanja ya alder: subsp. georgiensis , subsp. oklahomensis ndi subsp. maritima .

• 08 a 08

  White Alder

  • Dzina la Latin: Alnus rhombifolia
  • Mayina Ena Omwe: Sierra alder, California woyera alder
  • Wachibadwidwe ku: North North America
  • Madera a USDA: 6-10
  • Kutalika: 30-100 'wamtali
  • Chiwonetsero: Dzuwa lonse kumthunzi wa mbali

  Izi zimatchedwa "white alder" chifukwa chakuti masamba amawoneka bwino. Dzina la mitundu rhombifolia limasonyeza kuti masamba amawoneka ngati rhombus.