Mbalame Zili Ndi Nzeru Zotani?
Mbalame zimachita zinthu zambiri zomwe zingawoneke ngati zanzeru, koma kuchuluka kwa khalidwe lawo ndizomwe zimakhala zanzeru osati nzeru. Akatswiri ophunzirira amapitiriza kuphunzira za mbalame ndikuphunzira zambiri za ubongo wawo, momwe amaganizira komanso chifukwa chake amachitira momwe amachitira.
Kufotokozera Intelligence
Kusankha momwe mbalame zoluntha zimadalira momwe luntha likufotokozera. Mbalame zimaonetsa makhalidwe osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kukumbukira bwino, kulankhulana kwakukulu, kukonzekera zam'mbuyo ndi kukumbukira zakale.
Mbalame zina zimatha kuthetsa mavuto, ndipo zina zakhala zikuwonetsedwa kusewera - zonsezi zomwe zimasonyeza zambiri osati zachibadwa basi. Merriam-Webster Dictionary imatanthauzira nzeru monga:
Kukwanitsa kuphunzira kapena kumvetsetsa kapena kuthana ndi zochitika zatsopano kapena zovuta kapena luso logwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chogwiritsa ntchito chilengedwe.
Kodi mbalame zimachita izi? Kafukufuku wina wa sayansi amasonyeza inde, mosakayikira, mbalame zimaphunzira, ndipo mbalame iliyonse kumbuyo imadziwa kuti mbalame zimatha kusintha kumalo atsopano ndi zikhalidwe. Koma kuchuluka kwake kwa mbalamezi ndi kovuta, komabe mbalame sizikhoza kuyesa nzeru kapena kupita ku sukulu kuti ziyezedwe ndi anzawo. Komabe, kuyang'anitsitsa ndikupitiriza maphunziro akuwulula mobwerezabwereza kuti mbalame zikhoza kukhala zanzeru kwambiri kuposa poyamba.
Mbalame ya ubongo wa mbalame
Ukulu wa ubongo ndi kapangidwe sizomwe zimadziŵika bwino za nzeru, koma zikhoza kukhala chitsimikizo.
Mbalame zingakhale zazing'ono, koma zili ndi ubongo waukulu poyerekezera ndi thupi lonse ndi kukula kwake kwa mutu - inde, ubongo wa mbalame ndizofanana ndi nsomba. Kafukufuku wamaphunziro a ubongo amasonyezanso kuti ngakhale kuti mapangidwewo ndi osiyana ndi ubongo wa mbalame, mbalame zingakhale zogwirizana kwambiri pakati pa zigawo za ubongo wawo.
Izi zikhoza kusonyeza nzeru zambiri ndi kulingalira mofulumira kuposa momwe ankakhulupirira kale.
Umboni wa Mbalame Nzeru
Chisonyezero chabwino kwambiri cha momwe mbalame zanzeru zimayang'anitsitsa mwachindunji mbalame zikuchita mwanzeru. Zina mwazidziwitso zapangidwa pansi pa zochitika za sayansi komanso kudzera mu kuyesa kwa laboratory. Zochitika zina zimachokera kwa mbalame zomwe zimawona mbalame zomwe amazikonda zikuchita mwanjira yapadera, njira zomwe zimawoneka zikukonzekera ndi kukonzedweratu. Mitundu yonse iwiriyi ingakhale yothandiza pa zokambirana za nzeru za mbalame.
Zitsanzo za nzeru za mbalame zikuphatikizapo ...
- Carrion akulira ku Japan malo a mtedza m'misewu, akudikirira magalimoto kuti aphwanye zipolopolozo. Mbalamezi zimatulutsa zakudya zakutchire pamene zikuyendetsa magetsi kuti zikhale zotetezeka.
- Nkhalango za Woodpecker kuzilumba za Galapagos zomwe zimamera ndi nthambi mpaka kutalika kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito monga zida zolima tizilombo.
- Mitundu ya zitsamba ndi zinyama zina zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mkate zimadyetsedwa kwa abakha, zotsalira zamasamba kapena masamba ang'onoang'ono monga nyambo kuti akope nsomba kuti azisaka.
- Tizilombo toiira m'zaka za m'ma 1920 zomwe zinaphunzira mtundu wa mkaka womwe umatulutsa mkaka wamtunduwu unali ndi kirimu (mkaka wonse) ndipo unapyoza zikhomozo kuti amwe zonona.
- Mitengo ya Woodhouse yomwe imapanga maliro a mbalame zakufa pochita phokoso lalikulu ndikupewa mtembo, khalidwe limene lingakhale likuchenjeza mbalame zina zomwe zimaopseza.
- Mbalame zam'mphepete za kumpoto zomwe zimazindikira anthu omwe angayese zisa zawo ndikuukira anthu okhawo m'malo molimbana ndi anthu onse odutsa mosalakwitsa.
- Aplomado falcons omwe amasaka mwachangu mwa awiriwa ndipo potero amachititsa chidwi chawo chosaka mwachindunji pogwiritsa ntchito gululi.
- Jays omwe amachititsa kuti mbewu zambiri ndi nthiti zisagwe ndipo zimatha kupeza ambiri mwa iwo m'nyengo yozizira, akuwonetsa bwino kukumbukira malo obisika.
Zitsanzo zina zodziŵika bwino za mbalame zanzeru zomwe zingakhalepo chifukwa cha chibadwa koma zimasonyezeratu kuti ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti:
- Zomangamanga zozizwitsa zodabwitsa ndi zomangamanga
- Kubwerera ku mizere yomweyi, ngakhale zisa zomwezo, kwa zaka zambiri
- Mphamvu zoyendetsa kusamukira mosasamala ngakhale kusintha zizindikiro ndi zoopsa
- Zomwe zimasewera , kuphatikizapo kuseketsa amphaka kapena kusewera ndi zinthu zosangalatsa
- Kuzindikira omwe amadyetsa chakudya ndi kukambirana ndi munthu ameneyo
- Kukhudzidwa poyankha kuzinza kapena kufufuza zatsopano
- Kusonyeza malingaliro kupyolera mu chibwenzi, kusamalira ana aamuna, ndi zina zotero.
Ena Ali Ochenjera, Ena Ndi Opusa
Monga nyama iliyonse, si mbalame zonse zomwe ziri zanzeru mofanana. Akatswiri amavomereza amavomereza kuti mbalame zam'mlengalenga, mbalame zamkuntho, zikopa, rooks, jackdaws, ndi zina zotere zimakhala ndi mitundu ina yamitundu yochenjera kwambiri komanso mbalame zoterezi zimakhala ndi nzeru zambiri kuposa mitundu yambiri. Komabe, mbalame iliyonse kumbuyo kwa mbalame inawona mbalame imodzi "yopusa" yomwe imadya mbalame zomwe zimawoneka ngati Einstein poyerekeza. Kuwona mbalame ndi kuwonetsa khalidwe lawo labwino kungakhale kosangalatsa kwa mbalame, ndipo kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza mbalame zamagetsi kumatsimikizira kuti asayansi amatha kugwira ntchito zaka zambiri.