Mbalame Zimayenda Bwanji Moyenera?
Popanda atlas, zizindikiro zapamsewu kapena GPS, mitundu yoposa 5,000 ya mbalame imatha kusamuka kwawo pachaka. Ulendowu ukhoza kukhala mtunda wa makilomita zikwi zambiri, ndipo mbalame zambiri zimabwerera ku malo enieni omwe akudyera ndi nyengo yozizira chaka ndi chaka. Koma mbalame zimachita bwanji ulendo wopambanawu? Kumvetsetsa momwe mbalame zimayendera m'mayiko ena zimatha kupereka mbalame kuyamikira kwambiri mbalame zomwe zimawona nyengo iliyonse.
Chifukwa Chakuti Mbalame Zimasuntha
Kusamukira n'kofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa mbalame, ndipo popanda ulendo wapachaka mbalame zambiri sizikanatha kulera ana awo. Mbalame zimasamukira kukapeza chakudya chopatsa thanzi, chochuluka kwambiri chomwe chimapereka mphamvu zokwanira kuti azidyetsa mbalame zazing'ono. Ngati palibe mbalame zomwe zasamukira, mpikisano wa chakudya chokwanira pa nyengo yobereketsa idzakhala yoopsa ndipo mbalame zambiri zidzafa ndi njala. Mmalo mwake, mbalame zasintha njira zosiyana siyana, nthawi ndi njira kuti iwowo ndi ana awo akhale ndi mwayi waukulu wopulumuka.
N'zoona kuti si mbalame zonse zimene zimayenda. Mitundu ina yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti idzisandutsa zakudya zosiyanasiyana monga nyengo ikasintha , kuwalola kukhala malo amodzi chaka chonse. Mbalame zina zimasinthidwa bwino ndi nyengo zoziziritsa ndi mafuta osungunuka kwambiri komanso zimathandiza kuti azikhala ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri pamene akudya chakudya chambiri. Koma pakuposa hafu ya mbalame zamdziko lapansi, kusamuka ndikofunika kuti tikhalebe ndi moyo.
Kudziwa Nthawi Yomwe Mungasunthire
Mbalame zimayesa kusintha kwa nyengo zomwe zimadalira kukula kwa dzuwa kumlengalenga ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Pamene nthawi ikuyenera zosowa zawo, iwo ayamba ulendo wawo. Zinthu zingapo zing'onozing'ono zingakhudze tsiku lomwelo mbalame zonse zimayamba kusuntha, komabe monga:
- Chakudya chopezeka ndi kuchuluka kwachibale
- Mvula yoipa, mphepo yamkuntho ndi kupanikizika kwapakati
- Kutentha kwa kutentha ndi mphepo
- Matenda kapena kuvulala kumene kumafuna kubwezeretsedwa
Ngakhale kuti izi zimakhudza kusamuka kwa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri, mitundu yambiri ya mbalame imatsatira kalendala yoyendayenda, koma makalendala awo amasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Pamene kugwa ndi masika ndi nthawi ya kusamuka komwe mbalame zambiri zikuyenda, kusamukira kumakhala kosalekeza ndipo nthawi zonse mbalame zimakhala paulendo wina. Mtunda wa mbalame uyenera kuwuluka, kutalika kwa nthawi kuti ukhale wokwatirana ndi kubereka ana abwino , kuchuluka kwa makolo omwe akulera mbalame zazing'ono kulandira ndi malo omwe mbalame zimabzala ndi nyengo yozizira zimakhudza pamene mitundu ina iliyonse ikutha.
Kusamukira Kudzera
Chimodzi mwa zinsinsi zazikulu kwambiri za kusamuka ndi momwe mbalame zimapezera njira kuchokera kumalo amodzi kupita kumalo otsatira. Maphunziro a sayansi akhala akuchitika pa mitundu yambiri ya mbalame, ndipo njira zosiyanasiyana zosiyana siyana za mbalame zapezeka.
- Kuwona Maginito : Mbalame zambiri zimakhala ndi mankhwala apadera kapena mankhwala mu ubongo wawo, maso kapena bili zomwe zimawathandiza kuzindikira mphamvu ya magnetic. Izi zimathandiza mbalame kuti zidziyendetse m'njira yoyenera paulendo wautali, monga makampu amkati.
- Mapu Mapu : Chifukwa mbalame zimatsatira njira zofanana zoyendayenda chaka ndi chaka, maso awo owoneka akuwathandiza kuti ayende mapepala awo. Maonekedwe osiyana ndi malo omwe ali ngati mitsinje, nyanja za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, canyons ndi mapiri angathandize kuti mbalame ziziyenda molondola.
- Kulimbana ndi nyenyezi : Kwa mbalame zomwe zimayenda usiku, nyenyezi ndi nyenyezi zimatha kupereka njira zoyenera zoyendera. Masana, mbalame zimagwiritsanso ntchito dzuwa kuti liyende.
- Njira Zophunzira : Mitundu ina ya mbalame, monga miyala ya sandhill ndi chipale chofewa, imaphunzira njira zoyendayenda kuchokera kwa makolo awo ndi mbalame zina zazikulu. Mukaphunzira, mbalame zazing'ono zimatha kuyenda njirayo bwinobwino.
Kuwonjezera pa njira zazikuluzikulu zoyendera, mbalame zingagwiritsenso ntchito zizindikiro zina kuti zipeze njira yawo.
Zizindikiro zamphamvu zokhala ndi malo osiyanasiyana , kumveka kozungulira pamsewu wawo kapena ngakhale kutenga zizindikiro kuchokera ku mitundu ina yomwe ili ndi zosowa zofanana zingathandize mbalame kuti zisamuke bwino.
Pa Ndege
Mbalame zouluka zimasintha maulendo angapo kuti azitha kuyenda ulendo wautali mosavuta. Pamene masana akusintha ndi nthawi za kusamukira pafupi, mahomoni a mbalame adzasintha ndipo adzamanga mafuta ochulukirapo kuti apereke mphamvu zowonjezera paulendo wawo. Mwachitsanzo , hummingbird ya ruby-throated , ikhoza kuwirikiza kawiri mafuta ake a thupi patangopita sabata kapena awiri musanatuluke. Ndondomeko imeneyi yokhudzana ndi kulemera kwauthamangidwe imatchedwa hyperphagia, ndipo mbalame zambiri zosamuka zimayipeza.
Pamene mbalame za mbalame zimakhala ndi maluwa atsopano zingakhalenso zokhudzana ndi kusamuka. Nthenga zamkuntho, zowirira zimapanga mphepo yambiri ndi kukana kwa mpweya, zomwe zimafuna kuti mbalame imagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zowuluka. Mbalame zambiri molt zimangoyamba kusamukira kukagwiritsa ntchito nthenga zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuthawa mosavuta komanso kosavuta.
Mbalame zimasinthiranso khalidwe lawo panthawi imene amasamuka kuti apange ulendo wotetezeka. Mbalame zambiri zimauluka kumalo okwera kwambiri panthawi imene amasamukira kudera lina kuposa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito maulendo afupikitsa. Mphepo yamphepo yowonjezereka ikuthandizira kuwathandiza ndipo mpweya wozizira umateteza matupi awo kutenthedwa chifukwa chochita khama. Mbalame zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawombera , monga mbalame zambiri za nyimbo, zimasintha khalidwe lawo kuti liwuluke usiku pamene ziwopsezo zowonongeka zimachokera kwa anthu othawa kwawo.
Zoopsya Zosamukira
Ngakhalenso ndi kusintha kwa thupi ndi khalidwe kuti kusamukira kukhale kosavuta, ulendowu uli wodzaza ndi ngozi ndipo pali zowopsya zambiri zomwe mbalame zikuyenda . Zikuoneka kuti zoposa 60 peresenti ya mitundu ina ya mbalame sizimatha kusamuka, nthawi zambiri chifukwa choopsezedwa monga:
- Chakudya chokwanira ndi njala yotsatira kapena kusowa mphamvu kuti ayende
- Zimagwidwa ndi mawindo, nyumba, mizere yamagetsi ndi minda ya mphepo m'madera othawa
- Malo osungirako malo kuchokera ku chitukuko chochuluka, ulimi, kuchotsa kapena kuipitsa
- Odyera, kuphatikizapo nyama zakutchire, amphaka amphongo ndi agalu olusa
- Mvula yoipa ndi mphepo yamkuntho yomwe imayambitsa kuvulaza kapena kusokonezeka
- Kuwonongeka koyipa m'mizinda komwe kumadetsa mbalame kuyenda mozungulira nyenyezi
- Kusaka, kusaka malamulo kovomerezeka komanso kupha nsomba
Pamene mbalame zowonjezereka zikudziŵa zowopsya zomwe zimayambitsa kusamuka kwa mbalame, ndibwino kuti athe kutenga njira zothandizira mbalame kumaliza ulendo wawo bwinobwino. Kuonetsetsa kuti mbalame zodyetsa mbalame zikudzaza pa nthawi yozemba, kutenga njira zothandizira kusokoneza mawindo , kutsegula nyali zakunja ndi kusunga amphaka ndi zosavuta zonse zomwe zingathandize mbalame zosamuka.
Kusamukira kwina ndi ulendo woopsa koma wofunikira kwa mbalame zambiri. Mwamwayi, iwo ali ndi zida zokwanira kuti apulumuke ntchitoyo ndi kubweretsa chisangalalo chamapiri kubwerera ku yards chaka ndi chaka.