Matenda a Matenda ndi Chithandizo - Kusamalira Tomato Wanu
Tomato ndi ena mwa zomera zomwe zimaoneka kuti zimayika m'minda yawo. Ngati zina zonse zikulephera ndipo simukukhala ndi munda chaka chomwecho, mwinamwake muli ndi zomera za phwetekere pansi! Ndipo bwanji? Wokongola kwambiri, wokoma, komanso wodalirika, aliyense amakonda phwetekere watsopano.
Pokhapokha atakhala ndi nyongolotsi yakukwa kuchokera pamenepo. Kapena ali ndi mabowo ovunda. Kapena ...
Chabwino, kotero zomera za phwetekere zikhoza kukula, koma sizikhala zosavuta nthawizonse.
Ngati muli ndi chomera cha tomato kapena ziwiri zomwe zasokoneza kuphulika kwanu kozizira, apa pali matenda ena a phwetekere omwe amachititsa ndi mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni kubwerera ku BLTs mwatsopano.
Matenda a Matimati Oyenera Kuwachitira
Mitundu ingapo imayambitsa matenda a phwetekere. Onetsetsani tsamba la thanzi labwino, kuthirira madzi , ndi momwe zomera zimakulira kuti mutha kutenga matendawa msanga kuti muwachire kapena kuwathetsa.
Sangalalani. Matenda awiri a fungalomu amadziwika ngati choipitsa - Alternaria solani kapena kupweteka koyambirira, ndi Phytophthora infestans kapena mochedwa. Zovuta zoyambirira zimayamba, mwachionekere, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ndipo zimapanga mawanga ooneka ngati mapepala pamasamba, nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa mbeu. Kupweteka kochedwa kumayambitsa mawanga osadziwika pa masamba ndi zipatso. Kulamulira chilengedwe kuteteza kutentha kwambiri, chinyezi, ndi kubzala kumawathandiza kuchepetsa kukula kwa fungal. Chotsani masamba okhudzidwa ndi kusintha momwe mukufunikira.
Mawanga a Leaf. Mudzaona malo a masamba m'munsi mwa masamba, chakuda kapena chakuda ndi malo owala. Mawangawo akakhala mkati, tsamba lidzasanduka chikasu, kenako lifiira, ndipo limafota. Mawangawa amayamba ndi bowa, amalimbikitsidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi, kotero kuchotsa masamba okhudzidwa ndi kusintha chilengedwe kudzathandiza kuleka kufalikira.
Bakiteriya. Kuwonetsedwa ku chomera mwa kudula kapena kuwonongeka mu mpesa kapena chomera, matenda a bakiteriya akhoza kusokoneza zomera zanu za phwetekere. Kawirikawiri amasonyeza mawanga ndi mabala, chotsani malo omwe ali ndi kachilombo mukangowawona.
Ma Viruses a Mosaic. Chifukwa tomato ali m'banja lomwelo monga fodya (nightshades), ogwiritsa ntchito fodya angathe kutulutsa kachilombo ka mavitamini pamasamba awo a phwetekere powangowakhudza. Ngakhale tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizingathe kuwononga mbewu yanu, idzafooketsa ndikuchepetsanso mbeu yanu - yomwe ili yoyipa. Gwiritsani ntchito mavairasi pogwiritsa ntchito mabala kapena zipatso, ndipo mwakulira mumakhala ngati mawanga
Musalole kusuta pafupi ndi munda wanu, ndi kusamba manja anu kapena kuwapukuta musanayese tomato ngati mumasuta fodya.
Verticulum Wilt. Zosakanizika ndi zowonongeka, phwetekere zimayamba ndichisoni, masamba owongolerana ndi kutentha kwa tsiku limene limatuluka kenako, koma kenako limapita kukwaniritsa kutaya ndi kutayika kwa mbeu. Zimayambira ndi bowa zomwe zimayipitsa mizu ya chomera ndikuphimba madzi ndi zakudya. Palibe njira yochizira, kotero pamene chomera chikufa kuchokera ku zowona, chotsani icho ndi kuchiwononga.
Kupewa Matenda a Tomato
Sitinganene mokwanira - kupewa ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri.
Pofika patali, palibe chida chothandizira kulima ndiwo zowononga matenda. Palibe njira zina zomwe zimangokhala m'malo mwa fungicides ndi mankhwala ena. M'malomwake, mungazindikire kuti matenda onse amafunika kusintha pa chisamaliro. Tikatenga nthawi yofesa mosamala ndikuyendetsa bwino kuchokera pamene tikupita, tikhoza - nthawi zambiri - tipewe mutu wa matenda poyamba.
Pofuna kuteteza matenda a fungal mu tomato, chomera tomato ndi malo oyenera kuti asakondane wina ndi mzake ndi kutentha kutentha ndi masamba pa masamba. Kuthirira pansi, monga ndi pipi ya soaker, kudzasunga madzi panthaka m'malo mogwira masamba ochokera kumwamba. Sungani nthambi kuchokera pansi, kumene angayambe kukhala ndi chinyezi ndi matenda.
Mabakiteriya angalowe mu kudula ndi kuwonongeka kwa zomera ndi zipatso, kotero samalani mukamathandiza zomera za phwetekere.
Kuwamangiriza kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa kudulidwa mmunda, kotero gwiritsani ntchito osayenera kuti musamalire zomera zanu. Kapena, gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zofewa ngati zofunda kapena zofiira ngati mukuyenera kuwathandiza.
Pomaliza, mutabzala chaka chamawa, yambani ndi maziko abwino. Dothi loyesera kuti likhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso lili ndi pH mlingo wabwino. Dothi lokhazikika kusinthako lingapitirire kugwa ndi nyengo yozizira kuti izikonzekeretsa kubzala. Ndi nthaka yokonzeka, sankhani zomera zomwe sizilimbana ndi matenda - VFNT pa mbewu ya phwetekere kapena botolo la chomera limasonyeza kukana kwa verticillium wilt, fusarium wilt, nematodes, ndi fodya mosaic. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyendetsa mbewu kuchokera ku banja - mbatata, tomato, tsabola, ndi eggplants onse ali m'banja limodzi ndikugawana matenda.
Nthawi imodzi yothandizira ndiyi, yokwanira mapulogalamu a fungicides ndi tomato wovunda! Yambani bwino kumayambiriro kwa nyengoyi, ndipo mutha kukolola tomato wambiri.