Choyamba, ziyenera kutchulidwa kuti dothi nthawi zonse limatchedwa nthaka m'munda. Nthaka ndithudi ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri m'munda wamtengo wapatali, kotero kusatchula kuti dothi ndiwonetsero ulemu. Komabe, akadakali dothi pamene akuvala zovala zanu.
Kodi Munda Wabwino wa Munda ndi chiyani?
Nthaka kawirikawiri imafufuzidwa pa zigawo ziwiri zofunikira: chonde ndi maonekedwe.
- Chiberekero ndi kuphatikizapo zakudya zofunikira komanso nthaka ya pH yomwe imapangitsa kuti zakudyazi zikhale ndi zomera.
- Masamba amatanthauza kukula kwa nthaka particles ndi cohesiveness.
Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zilizonsezi zikuphatikizapo momwe mungayesetse nthaka yomwe muli nayo ndipo potsiriza, momwe mungapangire bwino.
Zakudya Zofunikira Mbewu
Zakudya zam'nthaka zimachokera kuzinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo kubzala mbewu, zamoyo za nthaka, ndi feteleza. Zakudya zitatu zoyambirira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zomera ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu.
Mavitrogeni makamaka amachititsa tsamba labwino komanso kukula. M'nthaka, zomera zimayambitsa nayitrogeni ndi mabakiteriya omwe amakonza nayitrogeni mu nitrates, zomera zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mavitrogeni sakhala m'nthaka kwa nthawi yayitali. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zomera zanu ndi kuwononga zinthu m'nthaka. Madzi amasungunuka ndipo amatha kutsuka m'nthaka mofulumira. Ngakhale zili choncho, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni kumapangitsa kukula kwa masamba kumbali ya maluwa ndi zipatso.
Phosphorous ndi yofunika kwambiri pa kukula kwa mizu. Mababu a maluwa ndi mbewu zamasamba nthawi zonse amagwiritsa ntchito phosphorous. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake chakudya cha pfupa chimalimbikitsidwa kuti kubzala kwa babu. Nkofunika kwambiri pakubala maluwa ndipo nthawi zina mumawona feteleza ali ndi phosphorous okhutira omwe amawalengeza ngati maluwa.
Potaziyamu amafunika kuti mbeu zonse zamoyo zizikhala bwino. Zimapangitsa zomera kukula ndikuthandiza ma chitetezo cha mthupi. Monga nayitrogeni, potaziyamu imatulutsanso madzi ndipo imayenera kubwereranso nthawi ndi nthawi.
Zinthu Zowonongeka: Kuphatikiza pa zakudya zitatu zoyambirira, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhala zofunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino monga calcium, magnesium, zinki, molybdenum, ndi zina zotero.
Dothi lokongola pH la Zomera Zomera
Zimakangana zambiri pa nthaka pH. Mwa mawu a layman, pH ndiyeso ya nthaka acidity kapena alkalinity. Chiwerengerochi chimachokera ku 1.0 mpaka 14.0, ndipo 7.0 sichilowerera ndale. Munsimu manambalawo amatsika kuchoka pa 7.0, ndipo nthaka imakula kwambiri. Mapamwamba amapita pamwamba pa 7.0, ndipamwamba kwambiri zamchere. Chifukwa cha nthaka pH nkhani ndikuti zakudya m'nthaka zimapezeka kwa zomera zokha ngati dothi pH liri mkati mwake. Mitengo yambiri imakhala ngati pH yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri (6.2 - 6.8), koma sizowona zomera zonse. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuti azitsatira mchere komanso asila omwe amatha kukhala ndi mchere. Moto wokhawokha womwe ungadziwe komwe nthaka yako ikugwa ndi kuyesedwa. Kumbukirani kuti kumatenga nthawi kuti musinthe nthaka pH ndi nthaka yanu idzabwereranso ku pH yake yakale pa nthawi, ndikusowa mankhwala obwerezabwereza.
- Pano pali nthaka yofulumira yokhala pH Test You Can Do
Kusankha Maonekedwe a Dothi
Maonekedwe a nthaka ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa kusintha kwa nthaka . Masamba amatanthauza kukula kwa nthaka particles. Dothi la mchenga liri ndi tinthu tating'ono kwambiri. Madzi, mpweya ndi zitsamba zamasamba zimatha kusuntha mwaufulu dothi la mchenga, nthawi zina mochuluka kwambiri. Pamapeto ena a dothi ndidongo. Mafuta aang'ono ndi ochepa kwambiri amanyamula pamodzi mwamphamvu ndikusiya chipinda chaching'ono cha madzi, mpweya kapena mizu. Ngati munayesapo munda wa dothi, mumadziwa kuti mumakhala ndi chipinda chodula.
Kuyesedwa kosavuta kwa dothi ndikumanga mpira wa yonyowa pokonza munda nthaka. Ngati mwapatukana mosavuta mukamapopera, ndi mchenga. Ngati mungathe kukanikiza pakati pa thumbani ndi chala chanu ndikupanga kaboni, ndi dongo.
Madothi ambiri ali pakati penipeni. Chimene mukupita kumatchedwa mchenga loam .
Kuyenera kukhale kowala ndikuloleza kayendetsedwe ka mpweya ndi madzi koma ali ndi phindu linalake, lopangidwa ngati mkate, womwe umapezeka nthawi zambiri pamtunda.
Musayesetse kusintha nthaka yanu pogwiritsa ntchito mchenga ku dongo kapena mosiyana. Ichi ndi njira ya simenti. Ndondomeko zina za kusintha kwa dongo zimaphatikizapo gawo la mchenga wabwino kwambiri, koma pali njira zabwino zothetsera nthaka yanu.
- Pano pali Masalimo Omwe Akhazikitsa Mwamsanga Pamwamba .
Kodi Nkhani Yachilengedwe Imakhudzana ndi Chiyani?
Mofanana ndi nthaka pH, zinthu zamtunduwu zimapeza makina ochuluka okhudza munda. Nkhani yamoyo ndi chomera chakufa kapena zinyama zakufa. Nthaŵi zonse pali zinthu zina zomwe zimapezeka m'nthaka yanu, koma nthawi zambiri sizikukwanira zowonjezera zomera. Kuwononga zinthu zakuthupi, kapena humus, kudzakuthandizani kupereka nthaka yanu. Zimathandiza nthaka ya mchenga pozisunga madzi omwe amatha kusamba ndikukonzanso nthaka ya dothi powitulutsa kuti mpweya, madzi, ndi mizu zilowe. Mu dothi lonse, limalimbikitsa ntchito zothandiza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo zimapatsa thanzi labwino. Humus ndi chikhalidwe chakudyetsera bwalo la moyo.
Mukudziwa bwanji ngati muli ndi nthaka yoipa?
Dothi losauka lingawononge zomera zanu, kuwalitsa bwino ndikukhala ndi mavuto. Nthaka yosauka yosavuta ingakonzedwe mosavuta. Koma choyamba, muyenera kudziwa momwe nthaka yanu ilili yabwino kapena yoipa. Njira yokhayo yodziwira nthaka yanu ndi yosauka ndikuyesera. Kuwonjezera Kwakugwirizanitsa kwanu kumapereka mwayi umenewu kwa malipiro oyenera. Mabungwe ambiri amayesa nthaka.
Kuganizira mofulumira za thanzi lanu la nthaka kungapangidwe mwa kuyang'ana pa thanzi la zomera. Ngati akukula, musakonze zomwe sizikusweka. Ngati zomera zanu zikusowa, chikasu kapena ngati mukuyang'ana mwakachetechete kapena mukuganiza kuti mukudyetsa kosatha, ziyenera kuyesa nthaka yanu.
Kupanga Munda Wabwino
1. Kusintha nthaka yanu pH
Ngati pH yanu itatha, mudzapeza ndondomeko yowonjezerapo laimu, kukweza mchere, kapena sulfure, kuti muchepetse nthaka pH . Izi ndi zosavuta kuchita ndipo ziyenera kuchitika mu magawo, kuti musadodometse zomera. Kawirikawiri, ndibwino kuti musawonjezere mapaundi asanu a laimu kapena sulfure pa 100 sq ft ft. Ngati mutakhala anzeru kwambiri kuti muyese nthaka yanu musanalowe m'munda kapena udzu, pitirizani kutaya ndalama zonse.
2. Kuwonjezera Mavitamini
Ngati mukupeza kuti mukufunika kuwonjezera zakudya m'nthaka yanu, mudzasankha mtundu kapena mankhwala, omwe amatchedwa feteleza opangira.
Manyowa osakaniza, omwe amakhala ndi mchere komanso mankhwala, amaphatikizidwa ndi mavitamini ena. Kawirikawiri ndi yotsika mtengo kuposa fetereza ya feteleza ndipo imafulumira kwambiri. Komabe, sizichita kanthu pa nthaka ndipo nthawi zina zimapweteka nthaka ndi mchere wochuluka.
Manyowa osakaniza kwenikweni samasintha nthaka, amangodyetsa zomera. Zimakhala ngati munthu akuyesera kupulumuka pa mavitamini owonjezera mavitamini ndipo alibe chakudya chodalirika. Pakhalanso kafukufuku waposachedwapa omwe zomera zimalimbikitsa kutsutsa feteleza zomwe zimakhala zofunikira ndipo zimafuna kuti ambiri azipeza zotsatira zomwezo.
Manyowa a feteleza ndiwo zomera kapena nyama zochokera. Amamasula zakudya zawo kwa nthawi ndithu. Simungathe kukonzekera mwamsanga, monga momwe mungakhalire ndi feteleza zokhazikika, koma mutenga nthawi yambiri yopatsa ndi feteleza. Pali zambiri zabwino zonse feteleza organic pamsika. Manyowa okwanira ndi amodzi omwe ali ndi zakudya zowonjezera zitatu, nayitrogeni, phosphorous, ndi potaziyamu. Onani Momwe Mungayesere Mankhwala a Feteleza kuti mudziwe zambiri pa izo. Mukhozanso kupeza zakudya zowonjezerapo kuchokera ku mankhwala monga manyowa ndi nsomba za nitrojeni, phosphorous fupa ndi phulusa la potaziyamu. Ngati mutayesa nthaka yanu, mudzadziwa zomwe mukufuna kuwonjezera.
3. Kusintha Maonekedwe a Dothi Powonjezeranso Nkhani Yopangidwira
Kubwerera ku zinthu zakuthupi, izi ndizo zokhazo zomwe zimathandizira kubereka ndi kufanana kwa nthaka.
Kaya ndi manyowa a nyama kapena kubzala humus, mudzakhala mukudyetsa nthaka ndi zamoyo zonse zomwe ziripo. Nthaka idzadyetsanso zomera zako.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya zinthu zakuthupi.
- Kompositi imapanga ndondomeko yabwino kwambiri komanso ngati muli ndi composting zowonongeka kwa munda wanu, ndi mfulu.
- Manyowa amatha kupezeka m'mapulasi ndi m'minda. Manyowa ayenera kuthiridwa ndi manyowa ndi kuwonongeka kufikira atasanduka mdima, wodetsedwa komanso wosasunthika. Manyowa atsopano ali ndi ammonia ochulukirapo ndipo akhoza kuwotcha zomera zanu ndikukhumudwitsa anzako.
- Nthiti yamadzi ndi yotsika mtengo ndipo imatha kumasula nthaka. Ndifumbi kwambiri. Ikani mchere poyamba kuti mukhale ovuta kugwira nawo ntchito.
- Mukhoza kugwira ntchito kudula udzu ndi zinyalala zina mumunda wa m'munda kuti muwononge pang'onopang'ono. Onetsetsani kuti chilichonse chimene mumayika ndi chopanda mbewu.
- Mbeu zokolola kapena manyowa obiriwira ndiwo mbewu zomwe zimakula pamtunda wosagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito cholinga chowaphimba ndi kuwalola kuti aziwonongeka m'munda. Mizu imachititsa nthaka kumasuka pamene ikukula ndipo zomera zimapondereza namsongole. Zomera zobzala kuchokera ku banja la legume, monga clover ndi vetch, onjezerani nayitrogeni kunthaka.
Pansi pa Munda wa Munda
Kusintha dothi lanu pH, chonde ndi kapangidwe ka zomera zomwe mukuzikonda ndizo zomaliza pakupanga nthaka yabwino. Mitengo yanu idzadziwa kuti pH yanu ikhale yotani. Nkhani yowonongeka idzakonzanso nthaka nthawi zonse. Nthaka yonse idzapindula ndi Kuwonjezera kwa organic matter. Momwe nthaka yanu imaphatikizirapo zokhazokha zomwe zimapangidwira ndikuyenera kudziwa kuti chakudya chowonjezera chidzafunika bwanji.
Werengani zambiri za ulimi ndi chilengedwe mu Zomera Zokonza Maluwa .