Mtedza wokongola ndi wokometsera wokoma ndi wokondedwa m'minda yamakono ndi miyambo ina yosadziwika. Kaŵirikaŵiri amawonekeredwa kuti aphunzitsidwe mapangidwe kapena nsanganizo za nsungwi, koma amathanso kuti apange mabala kapena obzalidwa m'makina kumene amathira pambali. Kwa ambiri a ife, nandolo zotsekemera ndizomwe zimakumbutsa zazitali zokongola, minda yokongola kwambiri yosungidwa ndi agogo. Nkhumba zokoma zimakhala zosavuta kukula, ndipo zimapereka mtundu wautali wa nthawi yomwe zimatha kuchotsedwa nthawi zonse.
Kufotokozera
Mitedza yokoma imakwera zomera zomwe zimanyamula maluwa a maluwa osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo zofiira, pinki, buluu, zoyera ndi lavender. Iwo ali oyambirira ku chilimwe maluwa ndi nyengo yaitali ya pachimake ndipo amapanga maluwa okoma kwambiri. Maluwawo amafanana ndi agulugufefe omwe amaoneka ngati opangidwa. Mwachimwemwe, zimayambira ndizolimba kuti zikhale ndi maluŵa awo opambana.
Mitundu yakale idasankhidwa chifukwa cha mitundu yawo yambiri komanso zonunkhira. Mitengo yamakono yamakono ili pamsika wopereka nandolo yokoma pafupifupi pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse kupatula wachikasu, koma mitundu yonse yatsopano ya peyala yosangalatsa ndi yamoto. Kukula kwakukulu kumadalira zosiyanasiyana zomwe mumasankha kuti zikule, koma kuyembekezera kuti mipesa ikhale yotalika mamita 6 mpaka 8.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya mtundu uwu, nandolo zonyezimira ndizoopsa ndipo mbeu sayenera kulowetsedwa ndi anthu kapena ziweto.
Information Botanical Information
Pea yokoma (dzina lachilatini Lathyrus odoratus ), ndilo wokwera chaka chilichonse cha mtundu wa legume.
Kuyambira kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Italy ndi zilumba za Mediterranean, nthanga yamtengo wapatali yakhala ikulimidwa kuti ikagwiritsidwe ntchito m'minda kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1800, koma inafika kumapangidwe ake amakono pansi pa ntchito ya ana a Scottish Henry Eckford, yemwe adayambitsa minda yamaluwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800.
Zochita Padziko
Nkhumba zokoma zimabweretsa kanyumba kumidzi.
Nthawi zambiri amakula pazitsulo zamatabwa, koma amadzala mokondwera kupyolera mu zomera zamasamba, mofanana ndi momwe clematis imagwiritsidwira ntchito nthawi zina. Nkhumba zabwino zimapindula bwino m'munda wa ndiwo zamasamba, kukopa njuchi ndi zina zomwe zimafunikira m'munda wa ndiwo zamasamba. Amatha kukhala wamkulu pa mpanda kapena kusakanizidwa ndi nyemba zamtengo wapatali.
Nkhumba zokoma zingathenso kumera kuti zizikula mumtsinje wambiri womwe udzakwera mamita awiri.
Zomera Zokoma
Monga chaka, nkhumba zokoma zimatha kukula lonse USDA hardiness zones, ngakhale zimakhala bwino nyengo ndi nyengo yozizira. Zimakhala bwino dzuwa lonse, ngakhale m'madera otentha amatha bwino pamalo omwe amalandira dzuwa, makamaka madzulo. Kum'mwera, mukhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wolima nyemba zamasamba m'kugwa kuti zikule m'nyengo yozizira.
Ma nandolo okoma amakonda nthaka yochuluka koma yovunda bwino. Nthaka pH yomwe ili ndi alangizi pang'ono (pafupifupi 7.5) ndi yabwino kwa nandolo zokoma.
Ma nandolo okoma amakhala mofesedwa mofesedwa . Pofuna kuthandiza kumera, mbeu ziyenera kuyesedwa ndi kutsekemera ndi / kapena kuthamanga m'madzi kwa maola angapo kuti achepetseni mipesa. Mbewu ikhoza kuyambika panja, mwamsanga pamene nthaka yatentha kufika pafupifupi madigiri 50 F. ndipo siidyowa kwambiri.
Mukhoza kuyamba kudumpha pa nyengo poyambira mbewu mkati , masabata 4 mpaka 5 musanafike tsiku lanu lotentha la chisanu. Zidzakhala zosavuta kuziika ngati mutayamba peat. Mukakonzekera, sungani maluwa kapena masamba omwe angapangidwe, omwe angalimbikitse chitukuko cha mizu.
Ma nandolo okoma amakhala mofesedwa mofesedwa . Pofuna kumera kumera, mbeu ziyenera kuyesedwa ndi kutsekemera kapena / kapena kuthamanga m'madzi kwa maola angapo, kuti mufewetse mbewu. Mbewu ikhoza kuyambika panja, mwamsanga pamene nthaka yatentha kufika pafupifupi madigiri 50 F. ndipo siidyowa kwambiri. Mukhoza kuyamba kudumpha pa nyengo poyambira mbewu mkati , masabata 4 mpaka 5 musanafike tsiku lanu lotentha la chisanu. Zidzakhala zosavuta kuziika ngati mutayamba peat. Mukakonzekera, sungani maluwa kapena masamba omwe angapangidwe, kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha mizu.
Amakonda nthaka yozizira kwambiri, kotero kuti mulch wambirimbiri kuzungulira zomera zingathandize nandolo zabwino.
Zomera zikafika pafupifupi 3 mpaka 6 mmtali m'munda, zitsani mbande kuti mulimbikitse mbali yamphamvu. Mitengo yokoma ya mpesa imakhala ndi matenda ndipo imadzigwirizanitsa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa chithandizo chomwe chiri ndi meshing kapena zingwe.
Pa nyengo yokula, nandolo zamasamba zimakhala zolimba, kudya ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse. Adyetseni mwezi uliwonse ndi fetereza pamwamba pa potaziyamu, monga feteleza phwetekere. Kuonjezera pang'ono chakudya chamagazi kunthaka kumaganizidwa kuti kuthandizira kuti zimayambira nthawi yaitali komanso zoyenera kudula.
Mitengo yambiri ya peyala idzayamba kufalikira kumapeto kwa kasupe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Mukamadula maluwa, maluwa omwe mumakhala nawo, musazengereze kubweretsa ma bouquets m'nyumba. Mutu wamaluwa womwe umakhalapo kuti ulimbikitse kupitiriza kukula.
Pewani kubzala nandolo zabwino pamalo omwewo chaka ndi chaka.
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana
Pali mitundu yambiri yamtengo wapatali ya peyala yomwe imapezeka ngati mbewu. Mukhoza kutenga paketi ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kumbukirani kuti sikuti nsemba zokoma ndi zonunkhira, choncho onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane phukusi.
- 'Zakale': Ngakhale kuti sizinali zosiyana, nandolo zotsekemera zotchulidwa kalekale zikhale zonunkhira.
- Zomera za Spencer: izi ndi mipesa yamphamvu kwambiri ndi mtundu wokongola, koma osati zonsezo ndi zonunkhira.
- Gulu la Jega: Izi ndizodzikongoletsera zokhala ndi zokometsera zabwino zoyenera.
Tizilombo ndi Mavuto
Pali tizirombo tingapo kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komabe ziweto ndi akalulu adya mbande, kotero kuteteza iwo ndi mankhwala otsekemera ndi malingaliro abwino pamene ali oyamba pansi. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timasokoneza nandolo, koma zomera zingatheke ngati kutentha kumatentha kwambiri.