Mbewu zomwe zimakulima feteleza
Mitengo yokonza mavitrojeni ndiwo omwe mizu yawo imatetezedwa ndi mabakiteriya ena omwe amachotsa nayitrogeni mumlengalenga ndikusintha kapena "kukonza" kukhala mawonekedwe oyenera kuti akule. Mabakiteriya akachitidwa ndi nayitrojeni iyi, imapezeka kwa zomera, iwowo. Ndi chitsanzo cha chiyanjano (pakati pa zomera ndi mabakiteriya), ndipo dzina la ndondomekoyi ndi "kukonzanso nayitrogeni."
Kufunika kwa nayitrogeni
Anthu okhala m'minda, alimi wamaluwa, ndi alimi amayamikira zomera zomwe zimayambitsa nayitrogeni kuti zikhoze kupereka chomera chofunikira kwambiri (chomwe ndi nitrogen) kunthaka.
Nayitrogeni ndi imodzi mwa "zazikulu zitatu," pokhala "N" mu NPK , makalata atatu omwe amapanga sitima yeniyeni ya kuvomereza feteleza wathunthu. Rodale's Organic Life, pokambirana za kufunika kwa chinthu ichi kuti chomera chikule, akuti "masamba akakhala ndi nayitrogeni okwanira, photosynthesis imapezeka pamwambamwamba. Ndicho chifukwa chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunikira za nayitrogeni kusowa ndi chikasu, masamba obiriwira ... . "
Pogwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko ya nitrojeni yokhazikika, mungathe kupeza chomera chomera chomera ichi m'nthaka yanu popanda kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, inoculate mbeu zanu zamagulu ndi mabakiteriya a Rhizobium. Ofesi yanu yowonjezereka kuderalo ikhoza kukuuzani komwe, m'deralo mungathe kugula mtundu wa mabakiteriya a Rhizobium omwe akuyenera kulumikiza kuti mukukula.
Kodi "Mbewu Zobisala" Zimakhudza Bwanji Nitrogen-Fixation?
Mitengo yokonzanso nayitrogeni yomwe anthu amalankhula kawirikawiri imabzala mbewu za mtola, kapena "banja", chifukwa zomerazi n'zosavuta kugwira nawo ntchito (zimangokhala zokonzedwa pansi kuti mutulutse nayitrojeni yamtengo wapatali).
Mitengo ina ndi zitsamba zingathe kukonzanso nayitrojeni, koma sizitchulidwa kawirikawiri pambaliyi chifukwa sizili zosavuta kugwira ntchito (simungathe kuziika pansi ndi rototiller).
Mukafika ku chivundikiro cha pansi, kaya ndi dzanja kapena ndi munda wakulima , nayitrogeni imapezeka pamalo anu a udzu kapena munda kapena zomera.
Clover mwina ndi chitsanzo chofala kwambiri cha chomera cha nitrojeni. Kufotokozedwa m'nkhani yapadera ndichifukwa chake kuchoka kwa clover mu udzu si maganizo oipa. Mitengo yokonza mavitrojeni yomwe imadziwika bwino chifukwa cha ntchito yawo ku ulimi ikuphatikizapo:
- Vetch ( Vicia spp.)
- Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa )
- Nandolo ( Pisum sativum )
- Nyemba ( Phaseolus spp.)
Zitsanzo Zina za Zomera Zokonza Mavitrojeni
M'munsimu muli zitsanzo zingapo za zomera zomwe zimayenera kuti zisadzafike m'maganizo nthawi yomweyo poyankhula za zomera zokonza nayitrogeni. Onetsetsani kuti mndandanda wa kupanga mndandanda umachokera ku sayansi, osati zofuna. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mbewu iliyonse yolembedwa ndi chomera chofunika kukula, ngakhale chikukumana ndi tanthawuzo, sayansi, ya chomera cha nitrogeni. Mavitamini ena a nitrojeni amalembedwa ngati zomera zosautsa ku North America; Zikalata zoterezi zikusonyezedwa mu mabakiteriya:
- Maluwa a Lupine ( Lupinus spp.)
- Bayberry shrub ( Myrica pensylvanica )
- Mtengo wamtengo wa golide ( Laburnum spp.)
- Sweetfern ( Comptonia peregrina )
- Mphepete mwa mbalame-phazi ( Lotus corniculatus ) [yovunda]
- Indigo yonama ( Baptisia spp.)
- Msuzi wa Scotch ( Cytisus scoparius ) [wowopsa]
- Maolivi otentha ( Elaeagnus umbellata ) [osowa]
- Siliki mtengo ( Albizia julibrissin ) [wowopsa]
- Wisteria amafesa [mitundu yachilendo imakhala yovuta, kotero kukula kwa mitundu ya mbadwa]